Body surface area is a predictor of maturity status in school children and adolescents.

BACKGROUND: Generally, Body surface area (BSA) changes significantly during growth and maturation. These increases portend a possible relationship between body size as determined by BSA with maturational status in children and adolescents. OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between maturity status (MS) obtained by non-invasive anthropometric methods and body surface area (BSA) in children and adolescents of both sexes in a regional population of Chile. Additionally, we sought to verify the type of linear or nonlinear relationship between MS and BSA in both sexes. METHODS: A descriptive (cross-sectional) study was designed in 950 children and adolescents of both sexes (539 males and 411 females). The age range ranged from 6.0 to 17.9 years. Anthropometric measurements were evaluated: body weight, standing height, sitting height. MS was assessed by means of two non-invasive anthropometric techniques. Both techniques predict peak years of growth velocity (APHV) through a regression equation for each sex. BSA (m2) was estimated by means of the Haycock equation. RESULTS: The R2 in the linear model is relatively lower (R2 = 0.80 to 0.89 in males and 0.74 to 0.66 in females) in relation to the nonlinear quadratic model (R2 = 0.81 in males and 0.76 to 0.69). The quadratic nonlinear quadratic model reflected an adequate fit (RMSE) for the data set, being in men (RMSE = 1.080 and 1.125), while in women (RMSE = 1.779 and 1.479). CONCLUSION: BSA is positively associated with MS determined by two non-invasive methods in Chilean children and adolescents: The nonlinear quadratic model was a better fit to the data distribution. The results suggest the use of BSA as a possible predictor of maturity status in Chilean youth.

Fat-free mass and maturity status are determinants of physical fitness performance in schoolchildren and adolescents.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to verify whether (FFM), maturity status (MS) and chronological age (CA) are determinants of physical fitness performance, and to analyze FFM and physical performance aligned by CA and MS in children and adolescents. METHODS: A descriptive correlational study was carried out in 863 schoolchildren. Weight, height, and waist circumference (WC) were evaluated. Body mass index (BMI), FFM, fat mass (FM), MS (Age at peak height velocity, APHV) were calculated. The physical tests of velocity 20 m, agility 5 m x 10rep, and horizontal jump (HJ) were evaluated. RESULTS: The APHV was estimated in boys at 14.0 ± 0.36APHV and in girls at 11.96 ± 0.49APHV. The relationships between CA and APHV with FFM was r = 0.80 in boys and r = 0.44 to 0.45 in girls. The relationships between FFM and physical tests in boys were [HJ (r = 0.70), agility 5m x 10rep (r = -0.68), velocity (r = -0.61)] and in girls [HJ (r = 0.42), agility 5m x 10rep (r = -0.52), velocity (r = -0.20)]. The differences in FFM and physical fitness tests were more pronounced when aligned by APHV than by CA. CONCLUSION: It was verified that both FFM, CA, and APHV are determinants of physical fitness performance. In addition, the APHV should be introduced in physical education as a means of ranking physical performance among schoolchildren.

Systematic review of the anthropometric profile of female futsal players 2010-2020.

The objective was to summarize the scientific literature on the anthropometric characteristics of female futsal players. A systematic review documentary study was carried out. SCOPUS, PUBMED and SCIELO databases were used to search for information on primary studies related to the anthropometric profile of women's indoor soccer (elite and non-elite). The keywords used were: futsal, female, anthropometry. The range of years for the search was from 2010 to 2020. To analyze anthropometric differences, two groups were formed: group A: elite and group B: non-elite. 31 primary studies were identified, 22 (71%) in Scopus, 5 (16.1%) in PUBMED and 4 (12.9%) in SCIELO. Three publication languages were considered (English, Spanish and Portuguese) and 6 countries were identified (Brazil, Spain, Iran, Turkey, Venezuela and Italy). Players in the elite group evidenced higher weight, height, and BMI relative to their non-elite counterparts. Discrepancy in anthropometric characteristics between elite and non-elite players was verified. These results suggest that in order to participate in competitions at the highest level in women's futsal, they should have greater weight, height and BMI than their non-elite counterparts.

Relationship between age and handgrip strength: Proposal of reference values from infancy to senescence.

Introduction: Measurement of hand grip strength (HGS) has been proposed as a key component of frailty and has also been suggested as a central biomarker of healthy aging and a powerful predictor of future morbidity and mortality. Objectives: (a) To determine whether a nonlinear relationship model could improve the prediction of handgrip strength (HGS) compared to the linear model and (b) to propose percentiles to evaluate HGS according to age and sex for a regional population of Chile from infancy to senescence. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was developed in a representative sample of the Maule region (Chile). The volunteers amounted to 5,376 participants (2,840 men and 2,536 women), with an age range from 6 to 80 years old. Weight, height, HGS (right and left hand) according to age and sex were evaluated. Percentiles were calculated using the LMS method [(L (Lambda; asymmetry), M (Mu; median), and S (Sigma; coefficient of variation)]. Results and discussion: There were no differences in HGS from 6 to 11 years of age in both sexes; however, from 12 years of age onwards, males presented higher HGS values in both hands (p < 0.05). The linear regression between age with HGS showed values of R 2 = 0.07 in males and R 2 = 0.02 in females. While in the non-linear model (cubic), the values were: R 2 = 0.50 to 0.51 in men and R 2 = 0.26 in women. The percentiles constructed by age and sex were: P5, P15, P50, P85, and P95 by age range and sex. This study demonstrated that there is a nonlinear relationship between chronological age with HGS from infancy to senescence. Furthermore, the proposed percentiles can serve as a guide to assess and monitor upper extremity muscle strength levels at all stages of life.

Reference values for bone density and bone mineral content from 5 to 80 years old in a province of Chile.

Background: The assessment of bone health throughout the life cycle is essential to determine fracture risk. The objectives of the work were (a) compare bone mineral density and content with international references from the United States, (b) determine maximum bone mass, (c) propose references for bone health measurements from ages 5 to 80 years old. Methods: Research was carried out on 5,416 subjects. Weight and height were measured. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated. The total body was scanned using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Information was extracted from the bone health measures (bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC)) for both sexes, according to pediatric and adult software. Results and Discussion: Differences were identified between the mean values of Chilean and American men for BMD (~0.03 to 0.11 g/cm2) and BMC (~0.15 to 0.46 g). Chilean females showed average values for BMD similar to the US references (~-0.01 to 0.02 g/cm2). At the same time, they were relatively higher for BMC (~0.07 to 0.33 g). The cubic polynomial regression model reflected a relationship between BMD and BMC with chronological age in both sexes. For males, R2 was higher (R2 = 0.72 and 0.75) than for females (R2 = 0.59 and 0.66). The estimate of maximum bone mass (MBM) for males emerged at 30 years old (1.45 ± 0.18 g/cm2 of BMD and 3.57 ± 0.60 g of BMC) and for females at age 28 (1.22 ± 0.13 g/cm2 of BMD and 2.57 ± 0.44 g of BMC). The LMS technique was used to generate smoothed percentiles for BMD and BMC by age and sex. Results showed that maximum bone mass occurred in females at age 28 and in males at 30. Reference values obtained from this research may be used to evaluate bone health, diagnose bone fragility and osteoporosis in individuals and regional population groups.

Regulation data for the horizontal jump of children and adolescents.

The Horizontal Jump (HJ) is a daily tool that could be used to categorize the level of muscle fitness performance of the lower limbs. The goal was to compare the muscle fitness with those of international studies and to propose percentiles to assess the HJ performance of children and adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total number of 3023 children and adolescents between the ages of 6.0 to 17.9 were studied. Weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and lower limb muscle fitness were evaluated. The student HJ performance values in Chile were inferior when compared to HJ performance in Brazil, Poland and Europe. For the Greek study, differences occurred only from age 6 to 15 years old. In comparison to Colombia, students showed better muscle fitness performance. These differences appeared in childhood and lasted until the beginning of adolescence. Percentiles were created to assess the lower limb fitness being an easy tool to be used and applied to classify lower limb strength.

Systematic review of aquatic physical exercise programs on functional fitness in older adults.

The practice of physical exercise is recommended in the prevention of the deterioration of neuromuscular functions in aging. The objectives of this systematic review were to describe the protocols used and the functional fitness indicators evaluated in aquatic exercise programs in adults aged 50 to 80 years. The Pubmed database was used. The keywords were: 1) Physical exercise program or protocols or duration or type of exercise or aquatic exercise, frequency or intensity or indicators; 2) Adults or older adults; 3) Training or indicators, functional fitness, physical fitness. The search strategy considered the components of the Population, Interventions, Comparators, Outcomes, and Study design (PICOS) tool. Nine experimental studies were identified. These studies developed protocols to improve functional fitness in adults aged 50 to 80 years. They were based on sessions of 2 to 5 per week, the work time per session was 30 to 60min, intensities varied between 50 to 95% and totaled between 4 to 24 weeks of intervention. The activities were based on aquatic gymnastic exercises aimed at muscular strengthening of the upper and lower extremities, as well as coordination, balance, agility, cycling and walking exercises submerged in water. The protocols developed to improve functional fitness in adults aged 50 to 80 years were based on general physical exercise prescription guidelines (frequency, duration, intensity and type of activity). The application of aquatic exercises based on gymnastic exercises can provoke positive responses on functional fitness if worked at least 2 to 5 times per week, 30 to 60min/day and at intensities of 50 to 95%. These systematized indicators can be used by professionals working with adults to create and promote aquatic programs to improve functional fitness.

Relación entre adiposidad corporal y fuerza de prensión manual con la preocupación por la alimentación en deportistas universitarios / Relationship between body adiposity and handgrip strength with dietaryconcerns in university athletes

Introducción: La composición corporal es clave para tener un adecuado estado de salud y aptitud física. Así también, la fuerza muscular es usada como un predictor importante del rendimiento deportivo. Objetivo: Relacionar la adiposidad corporal y la fuerza de prensión manual con la preocupación por la alimentación en deportistas universitarios. Metodología: Se efectuó un estudio de tipo descriptivo (comparativo-correlacional) en 130 deportistas universitarios de una universidad de Chile (90 hombres y 40 mujeres). El rango de edad osciló entre los 18 y 28 años. Se evaluó las medidas antropométricas: peso, estatura, 5 pliegues cutáneos (bicipital, tricipital, subescapular, suprailíaco y abdominal), la fuerza de prensión manual (FPM) y se aplicó la escala de preocupación por la alimentación. Se calculó el % de grasa corporal, el Índice de masa corporal (IMC). Resultados: La escala de preocupación por la alimentación se relacionó negativamente con los indicadores de adiposidad corporal (r= -0,16 a -0,33; p<0,05), mientras tanto, las correlaciones de la FPM (derecha e izquierda) con la escala de preocupación por la alimentación fueron positivas (r= 0,20 a 0,24; p<0.05). Los hombres categorizados con alta y moderada preocupación por la alimentación presentaron mejores niveles de adiposidad y mayor FPM en la mano derecha (p<0,05), mientras que las mujeres, únicamente las categorizadas con alto nivel de preocupación presentaron bajos niveles de adiposidad y mejor FPM en ambos manos (p<0,05). Conclusión: Los jóvenes que presentan mayor preocupación por la alimentación evidenciaron menor nivel de adiposidad corporal y un mejor desempeño en la FPM que sus contrapartes con menor preocupación. Estos resultados sugieren promover charlas en relación al consumo de alimentos, dado que puede ser una excelente alternativa para sensibilizar a los jóvenes en el cuidado de su adiposidad corporal y la fuerza isométrica.(AU)

Introduction: Body composition is key to having an ade-quate state of health and fitness. Also, muscle strength isused as an important predictor of sports performance.Objective: To relate body adiposity and hand grip strengthto nutritional concerns in university athletes. Methodology: A descriptive study (comparative-correla-tional) was carried out in 130 university athletes from a uni-versity in Chile (90 men and 40 women). The age range wasbetween 18 and 28 years. Anthropometric measurementswere evaluated: weight, height, 5 skinfolds (bicipital, tricipi-tal, subscapular, suprailiac and abdominal), manual gripstrength (MPF) and the food concern scale was applied. Bodyfat %, body mass index (BMI) were calculated.Results: The food preoccupation scale was negatively re-lated to body adiposity indicators (r= -0.16 to -0.33; p<0.05),while the correlations of FPM (right and left) with the foodpreoccupation scale were positive (r= 0.20 to 0.24; p<0.05).Males categorized with high and moderate concern about ea-ting presented better levels of adiposity and higher FPM in theright hand (p<0.05), while females, only those categorizedwith high level of concern presented low levels of adiposityand better FPM in both hands (p<0.05).Conclusion: Young people with a higher level of concernabout food showed lower levels of body adiposity and betterperformance in FPM than their counterparts with lower levelsof concern. These results suggest promoting talks regardingfood consumption, since it can be an excellent alternative tosensitize young people to take care of their body adiposityand isometric strength.(AU)

Aptitud física en jóvenes futbolistas y no-futbolistas por edadcronológica y estado de madurez chilenos / Physical fitness in young Chilean soccer and non-football players by chronological age and maturity stage

Introducción: Durante el periodo de la adolescencia se producen cambios en el cuerpo, siendo importante identificar las diferencias individuales de madurez entre los adolescentes. En el caso de los futbolistas, esto puede generar diferencias en su rendimiento deportivo. Objetivo: Comparar el desempeño físico de jóvenes futbolistas vs escolares (no futbolistas) según edad cronológica y estado de madurez. Metodología: Se efectuó un estudio de tipo descriptivo-comparativo en 139 jóvenes (62 futbolistas con 16,38±1,30 años y 77 escolares con 16,35±1,45años). La selección de la muestra fue de tipo no probabilística por conveniencia. El rango de edad fue entre 14 a 18 años de edad. Se evaluó el peso, la estatura, velocidad 20 metros, salto horizontal (SH), y la prueba de aptitud aeróbica de Leger. Se calculó el índice de masa corporal (IMC), los años de pico de velocidad de crecimiento (APVC), y el VO2max absoluto y relativo. Resultados: Los jóvenes futbolistas presentaron mayor VO2max absoluto y relativo en comparación con sus similares escolares, tanto por edad cronológica y estado de madurez. Hubo correlación positiva significativa (p<0.05) entre la edad y los APVC con el VO2max absoluto y salto horizontal, y negativa con la velocidad de 20 metros. No hubo correlación entre la edad y APVC con el VO2máx relativo (edad y VO2máx, r= 0.10, p=0.023 y APVC y VO2máx, r= 0.07, p= 0.036). Conclusión: Los jóvenes futbolistas presentaron un mejor VO2max absoluto y relativo, SH y velocidad 20m en relación a los no-futbolistas, tanto por edad cronológica y estado de madurez, aunque, el desempeño físico se observa mejor por estado de madurez, especialmente en el VO2max y en el SH. Estos resultados sugieren que los profesionales del futbol deben considerar el control del estado de madurez como una alternativa para categorizar a los futbolistas cuando se evalúa y trabaja el desempeño físico.(AU)

Introduction: During the adolescent period, changes ingrowth and body composition occur, and it is important toidentify individual differences in maturity among adolescents. In the case of soccer players, they may show better physicalfitness than their non-football players.Objective: To compare the physical fitness of young soccer players vs non-football players, according to chronologicalage and maturity status.Methodology: A descriptive-comparative study was carriedout in 139 young people (62 soccer players aged 16.38±1.30years and 77 schoolchildren aged 16.35±1.45 years). Thesample selection was non-probabilistic by convenience. Theage range ranged from 14 to 18 years old. Weight, height,speed 20 meters, horizontal jump (SH), and Leger’s aerobicfitness test were evaluated. Body mass index (BMI), peak years of growth velocity (APVC), and absolute and relativeVO2max were calculated.Results: Young soccer players presented higher absoluteand relative VO2max compared to their similar non-footballplayers, both by chronological age and maturity status. Therewas significant positive correlation (p<0.05) between age andAPVC with absolute VO2max and horizontal jump, and negative with 20-meter speed. There was no correlation betweenage and APVC with relative VO2max (age and VO2max, r=0.10, p=0.023 and APVC and VO2max, r= 0.07, p= 0.036).Conclusion: Young soccer players presented better absolute and relative VO2max, SH and 20m speed in relation tonon-football players, both by chronological age and maturitystatus, although, physical performance is better observed bymaturity status, especially in VO2max and SH. These resultssuggest that professionals working in grassroots soccershould consider the control of maturity status as an alternative to categorize soccer players when evaluating and workingon physical performance.(AU)

Fat-free mass and maturity status are determinants of physical fitness performance in schoolchildren and adolescents

Abstract Objectives: The objective of the study was to verify whether (FFM), maturity status (MS) and chronological age (CA) are determinants of physical fitness performance, and to analyze FFM and physical performance aligned by CA and MS in children and adolescents. Methods: A descriptive correlational study was carried out in 863 schoolchildren. Weight, height, and waist circumference (WC) were evaluated. Body mass index (BMI), FFM, fat mass (FM), MS (Age at peak height velocity, APHV) were calculated. The physical tests of velocity 20 m, agility 5 m × 10rep, and horizontal jump (HJ) were evaluated. Results: The APHV was estimated in boys at 14.0 ± 0.36APHV and in girls at 11.96 ± 0.49APHV. The relationships between CA and APHV with FFM was r = 0.80 in boys and r = 0.44 to 0.45 in girls. The relationships between FFM and physical tests in boys were [HJ (r = 0.70), agility 5m × 10rep (r = -0.68), velocity (r = -0.61)] and in girls [HJ (r = 0.42), agility 5m × 10rep (r = -0.52), velocity (r = -0.20)]. The differences in FFM and physical fitness tests were more pronounced when aligned by APHV than by CA. Conclusion: It was verified that both FFM, CA, and APHV are determinants of physical fitness performance. In addition, the APHV should be introduced in physical education as a means of ranking physical performance among schoolchildren.

Comparación de parámetros antropométricos y de composición corporal de futbolistas profesionales / A Comparison of Anthropometric Parameters and the Body Composition of Professional Soccer Players

Resumen El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo comparar los parámetros antropométricos y de composición corporal en futbolistas profesionales en cinco temporadas. Se efectuó un estudio transversal (comparativo). Se estudió a 120 futbolistas, donde cada cohorte por año se evaluó a 24 futbolistas. El rango de edad fue de 18 a 37 años. Se evaluó a los futbolistas al inicio de cada temporada en los años 2012 a 2016: Se midió el peso, la estatura, seis pliegues cutáneos (Tríceps, subescapular, supra-iliaco, abdominal, muslo y pantorrilla). Se calculó el Índice de Masa corporal IMC, % de grasa, la masa grasa y masa libre de grasa MLG. El tejido adiposo se agrupó en tres grupos (brazo: (tricpes+subescapular, tronco: suprailiaco+abdominal, Piernas: muslo+pantorrilla). Hubo diferencias en el peso corporal, la estatura, la sumatoria de los 6 pliegues y la MLG a lo largo de los 5 años. [año 2012 (Peso: 76,6±7.8kg, estatura: 177.6±5.7cm, Pliegues: 58.7±12.8mm, MLG: 64.5±6.3mm), año 2013: (Peso: 77.8±6.4kg, Estatura: 178,4±4.4, Pliegues: 60.1±15.9mm, MLG:66.3±3.5mm), año 2014: (Peso: 74.9±5.7kg, Estatura: 177.0±5.8cm, Pliegues: 54.4±14.7mm, MLG: 64.5±4.5kg), año 2015: (Peso: 74.1±6.8kg, Estatura: 176.1±5.5cm, Pliegues: 54.9±15.6mm, MLG: 63.8±4.6kg), año 2016: (Peso: 72.7±kg, Estatura: 175.3±6.9kg, Pliegues: 50.8±12.mm, MLG: 62.8±5.9kg)]. Este estudio verificó que el perfil antropométrico y el tejido adiposo de los futbolistas fueron disminuyendo en cada temporada, mientras que la MLG reflejó similares valores en cada uno de las cohortes evaluadas.

Abstract The present cross-sectional (comparative) study aimed to compare the anthropometric and body composition parameters in professional soccer players over five seasons. It was conducted on 120 soccer players grouped in a cohort of 24 subjects per year. The age range was 18 to 37 years. The footballers were evaluated at the beginning of each season from 2012 to 2016; weight, height, six skin folds (triceps, subscapularis, supra-iliac, abdominal, thigh, and calf) were evaluated from 2012 to 2015. The Body Mass Index (BMI), fat percentage, fat mass, and FFM were calculated. The adipose tissue was grouped into three groups: arm (triceps + subscapular), trunk (supra iliac + abdominal), and legs (thigh + calf). Body weight, height, the sum of the 6 folds, and the MLG varied during the 5 years. For 2012 the results were the following: Weight, 76.6 ± 7.8kg; Height, 177.6 ± 5.7cm; Folds, 58.7 ± 12.8mm; MLG, 64.5 ± 6.3mm). In 2013, these were the results: Weight, 77.8 ± 6.4kg; Height, 178, 4 ± 4.4; Folds, 60.1 ± 15.9mm; MLG, 66.3 ± 3.5mm). These were the measures obtained in 2014: Weight, 74.9 ± 5.7kg; Height, 177.0 ± 5.8cm; Folds, 54.4 ± 14.7mm; MLG, 64.5 ± 4.5kg ). And these were of the year 2015: Weight, 74.1 ± 6.8kg; Height, 176.1 ± 5.5cm; Folds, 54.9 ± 15.6mm; MLG, 63.8 ± 4.6kg). Finally, in 2016 these were the measures collected: Weight, 72.7 ± kg; Height, 175.3 ± 6.9 kg; Folds, 50.8 ± 12.mm; MLG, 62.8 ± 5.9kg. This study verified that the soccer players' anthropometric profile and adipose tissue decreased each season, while the MLG reflected similar values in each of the evaluated cohorts.

Resumo O presente estudo teve como objetivo comparar os parâmetros antropométricos e de composição corporal em jogadores profissionais de futebol durante cinco temporadas. Foi realizado um estudo transversal (comparativo). Foi estudado um total de 120 jogadores de futebol, onde cada coorte por ano foram avaliados 24 jogadores. A faixa etária era de 18 a 37 anos. Os futebolistas foram avaliados no início de cada temporada, nos anos de 2012 a 2016. Foram medidas altura, peso, seis dobras da pele (tríceps, subescapular, supra ilíaca, abdominal, coxa e calcanhar). Foram calculados índice de massa corporal IMC, % de gordura, massa de gordura e massa livre de gordura MLG. O tecido adiposo foi agrupado em três grupos (braço: tríceps + subescapular, tronco: suprailíaco + abdominal, pernas: coxa + calcanhar). Houve diferenças no peso corporal, na altura, a soma de 6 dobras e a MLG ao longo dos 5 anos: ano 2012 (Peso: 76,6±7,8kg, Altura: 177,6±5,7cm, Dobras: 58,7±12,8mm, GLM: 64,5±6,3mm), ano 2013 (Peso: 77,8±6,4kg, Altura: 178,4±4,4, Dobras: 60,1±15,9mm, GLM:66,3±3.5mm), ano 2014 (Peso: 74,9±5,7kg, Altura: 177,0±5,8cm, Dobras: 54,4±14,7mm, GLM: 64,5±4,5kg), ano 2015 (Peso: 74,1±6,8kg, Altura: 176,1±5,5cm, Dobras: 54,9±15,6mm, GLM: 63,8±4,6kg), ano 2016 (Peso: 72,7±kg, Altura: 175,3±6,9kg, Dobras: 50,8±12,mm, GLM: 62,8±5,9kg). Este estudo verificou que o perfil antropométrico e o tecido adiposo dos jogadores de futebol diminuíram em cada temporada, enquanto que a MLG refletiu valores similares em cada um dos coortes avaliados.

Relación entre aptitud aeróbica con indicadores de adiposidad corporal en adolescentes de ambos sexos / Aptitud aeróbica con indicadores de adiposidad corporal en adolescentes

Introducción: La aptitud aeróbica es considerada como un indicador de salud que se relaciona con la adiposidad corporal. La dieta, nivel de actividad física, sedentarismo y la salud psicológica podrían influir en esa relación. Objetivo: Relacionar la aptitud aeróbica con cinco indicadores de adiposidad corporal en adolescentes de ambos sexos. Material y Métodos: Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en 200 adolescentes de 14 a 17 años de edad (140 hombres y 60 mujeres). La selección de la muestra fue no-probabilística (cuotas). Se evaluó las mediadas antropométricas (peso, estatura, circunferencia de la cintura), se calculó los índices de adiposidad (Índice de masa corporal, índice ponderal, índice cintura-estatura y masa grasa). Se evaluó la aptitud aeróbica por medio de la prueba de indirecta de campo ida y vuelta de 20m (L/min-1 y ml/kg-1/min-1). La clasificación se efectuó a partir del Vo2max relativo según edad y sexo: Muy bajo (p80). Resultados: En hombres se observó diferencias significativas entre las categorías de aptitud aeróbica muy alto y alto vs muy baja y baja en todos los indicadores de adiposidad corporal (p<0,05). En mujeres las diferencias fueron significativas entre la capacidad aeróbica muy alta con baja y muy baja (p<0,05), y capacidad aeróbica alta vs muy baja (p<0,05). Las asociaciones fueron negativas en cinco indicadores de adiposidad en hombres (IMC, IP, CC ICE y MG, R2= 16 a 19%) y en cuatro indicadores de adiposidad en las mujeres (IMC, IP, CC e ICE, R2= 16 a 21%). Conclusión: Se demostró relación negativa entre la aptitud aeróbica (VO2máx) y los indicadores antropométricos de adiposidad corporal, además los adolescentes clasificados con elevados niveles de consumo máximo de oxígeno reflejaron adecuados valores de adiposidad corporal. (AU)

Introduction: Aerobic fitness is considered a healthindicator that is related to body fat. Diet, level of physicalactivity, sedentariness and psychological health could influencethis relationship. Objective: To relate aerobic fitness with five indicators ofbody fat in adolescents of both sexes. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive studywas carried out on 200 adolescents between 14 and 17 yearsof age (140 males and 60 females). The selection of the samplewas non-probabilistic (quotas). Anthropometric measurementswere evaluated (weight, height, waist circumference), adiposityindexes were calculated (body mass index, weight index, waist-height index, and fat mass). Aerobic fitness was evaluated bymeans of the 20m shuttle run test (L/min-1 and mL·kg-1·min-1).The classification was made from the relative VO2max accordingto age and sex: Very low (p80). Results: In men, significant differences were observedbetween the categories of very high and high vs. very low andlow aerobic fitness in all indicators of body fat (p<0.05). Inwomen the differences were significant between very highaerobic capacity with low and very low (p<0.05), and high vsvery low aerobic capacity (p<0.05). The associations werenegative in five indicators of adiposity in men (BMI, PI, WC,WHIR and FM, R2= 16 to 19%) and in four indicators ofadiposity in women (BMI, PI, WC and WHIR, R2= 16 to 21%). Conclusion: It was demonstrated negative relationbetween aerobic aptitude (VO2max) and anthropometricindicators of body adiposity, besides, adolescents classifiedwith high levels of maximum oxygen consumption reflectedlow values of body adiposity. (AU)

Comparación de la adiposidad corporal y aptitud aeróbica de adolescentes brasileros y chilenos / Comparison of body adiposity and aerobic fitness in Brazilian and Chilean adolescents

Fundamentos: La aptitud aeróbica y la adiposidad corporal son importantes marcadores de salud que deben ser fomentados para mejorar el estilo de vida y la salud general de los adolescentes. El objetivo del estudio fue comparar la adiposidad corporal y aptitud aeróbica de adolescentes brasileros y chilenos de colegios públicos. Métodos: Se desarrolló un estudio descriptivo (comparativo) en adolescentes que asisten a colegios públicos de una región de Brasil y Chile. El rango de edad de los estudiantes fue de 14 a 17 años. Se seleccionaron dos colegios localizados en la zona urbana de Campinas (Brasil) y Talca (Chile). Se evaluó el peso, la estatura y la aptitud aeróbica (Test de ida y vuelta de 20 m). Se calculó el VO2max (ml/kg-1/min-1) y el índice de masa corporal (IMC). Se clasificó el estado nutricional por IMC. Resultados: En hombres, el promedio de edad de adolescentes chilenos fue 15,41 ± 0,75 años, IMC fue 22,79 ± 3,58 kg/m2 y la aptitud aeróbica fue de 44,1 ± 6,6 ml/kg-1/min-1. En los adolescentes brasileros, la edad fue de 14,78 ± 0,64 años, IMC de 21,90 ± 4,59 kg/m2 y la aptitud aeróbica fue de 41,8 ± 6,3 ml/kg-1/min-1. En mujeres, el promedio de edad en las mujeres chilenas fue de 15,40 ± 0,75 años, el IMC fue de 22,80 ± 3,58 kg/m2 y aptitud aeróbica de 36,8 ± 4,3 kg/m2. En las mujeres brasileras la edad fue de 14,80 ± 0,64 años, IMC fue 21,90 ± 4,88 kg/m2 y aptitud aeróbica de 37,0 ± 3,6 ml/kg-1/min-1. Las relaciones entre adiposidad corporal y aptitud aeróbica en ambos sexos y países oscilaron entre (R= -0,32 a -0,41). Conclusiones: No se observó diferencias en la adiposidad corporal y aptitud aeróbica entre adolescentes de Chile y Brasil, además, se determinó que los adolescentes clasificados con peso normal, reflejaron una mayor aptitud aeróbica que sus similares con exceso de peso corporal. (AU)

Background: Aerobic fitness and body adiposity are important health markers that should be encouraged to improve the lifestyle and general health of adolescents. The aim of the study was to compare body adiposity and aerobic fitness of Brazilian and Chilean adolescents from public schools. Methods: A descriptive (comparative) study was developed in adolescents attending public schools in a region ofBrazil and Chile. The age range of the students was 14 to 17 years. Two schools located in the urban area ofCampinas (Brazil) and Talca (Chile) were selected. Weight, height and aerobic fitness (20 m round-trip test) were evaluated. VO2max (ml/kg-1/min-1) and body mass index (BMI) were calculated. Nutritional status was classified by BMI. Results: In men, the average age of Chilean adolescents was 15.41 ± 0.75 years, BMI was 22.79 ± 3.58 kg/m2 and aerobic fitness was 44.1 ± 6.6 ml/kg-1/min-1. In Brazilian adolescents, age was 14.78 ± 0.64 years, BMI was 21.90 ± 4.59 kg/m2 and aerobic fitness was 41.8 ± 6.3 ml/kg-1/min-1. In women, the average age in Chilean women was 15.40 ± 0.75 years, BMI was 22.80 ± 3.58 kg/m2 and aerobic fitness was 36.8 ± 4.3 kg/m2. In Brazilian women, age was 14.80 ± 0.64 years, BMI was 21.90 ± 4.88 kg/m2 and aerobic fitness was 37.0 ± 3.6 ml/kg-1/min-1. The relationships between body adiposity and aerobic fitness in both sexes and countries ranged from (R= -0.32 to - 0.41).Conclusions: No differences were observed in body adiposity and aerobic fitness between adolescents from Chileand Brazil, moreover, it was determined that adolescents classified as normal weight, reflected a higher aerobicfitness than their peers with excess body weight. (AU)

Masa grasa por edad cronológica y biológica: Comparación de dos ecuaciones de regresión en niños y adolescentes / Fat mass by chronological and biological age: comparison of two regression equations in children and adolescents

Fundamentos: Durante la infancia y la adolescencia, es importante controlar el tejido adiposo intra-abdominal, ya que durante el crecimiento y desarrollo se producen cambios significativos en la composición corporal. Los objetivos del estudio fueron comparar la masa grasa (MG) entre dos ecuaciones, basada por edad cronológica y por estado de madurez y verificar los pliegues cutáneos que mejor predicen la Masa Grasa de ambas ecuaciones. Métodos: Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo correlacional en 346 niños y adolescentes de Talca (Chile). La selección dela muestra fue probabilística (estratificada). Se evaluó la edad, peso, estatura de pie, estatura sentada, circunferencia de la Cintura (CC) y cinco pliegues cutáneos (bicipital, tricipital, subescapular, suprailiaco y abdominal). Se calculó el estado de madurez por medio del pico de velocidad de crecimiento (APVC). Se calculó la MG por medio de dos ecuaciones (una basada en la edad cronológica EC y CC y la otra por estado de Madurez (APVC y CC) para ambos sexos. Resultados: No hubo diferencias significativas entre ambas ecuaciones cuando se calculó la MG en ambos sexos(p>0,05). Los pliegues cutáneos (bíceps, tricipital, subescapular, supra iliaco, abdominal, sumatoria de dos, tres y cinco pliegues) mostraron similares coeficientes de determinación, tanto por la ecuación por EC (R2 = 23 a 48%), como por la ecuación por APVC (R2 = 39 a 69%). Las prevalencias en las categorías de MG estimadas por ambas ecuaciones fueron similares en hombres (X2 = 1,01, GL: 2, p = 0,60) y en mujeres (X2 = 0,44, GL: 2, p = 0,80).Conclusiones: Ambas ecuaciones de regresión que estiman la MG, tanto por EC y estado de madurez (APVC) son útiles para niños y adolescentes chilenos. Los resultados sugieren el uso y aplicación para evaluar la acumulación de tejido adiposo en contextos clínicos y epidemiológicos. (AU)

Background: During childhood and adolescence, it is important to control intra-abdominal adipose tissue, since significant changes in body composition occur during growth and development. The objectives of the study were to compare fat mass (FM) between two equations, based on chronological age and maturity stage, and to verify the skin folds that best predict Fat Mass of both equations. Methods: A descriptive correlational study was carried out in 346 children and adolescents from Talca (Chile). The selection of the sample was probabilistic (stratified). Age, weight, standing height, sitting height, waist circumference(WC) and five skinfolds (bicipital, tricipital, subscapular, suprailiac and abdominal) were evaluated. The state ofmaturity was calculated by means of the peak growth rate(APHV). MG was calculated using two equations (one based on chronological age CA and WC and the other based onAPHV and WC) for both sexes. Results: There were no significant differences between both equations when MG was calculated in both sexes (p>0.05). The skin folds (biceps, tricipital, subscapular, suprailiac, abdominal, sum of two, three and five folds) showed similar coefficients of determination, both by the CA equation (R2 = 23 to 48%), and by the equation by APHV(R2 = 39 to 69%). The prevalence’s in the FM categories estimated by both equations were similar in men (X2 = 1.01,GL: 2, p = 0.60) and in women (X2 = 0.44, GL: 2, p = 0, 80). Conclusions: Both regression equations that estimate FM, both by CA and maturity stage (APHV) are useful for Chilean children and adolescents. The results suggest the use and application to evaluate the accumulation of adipose tissue in clinical and epidemiological contexts. (AU)

Predicción de la salud ósea por medio ecuaciones de regresión en niños y adolescentes que viven a moderada altitud / Prediction of bone health by regression equations in children and adolescents living at moderate altitude

INTRODUCCIÓN: Durante la etapa de la niñez y la adolescencia se genera la acumulación de masa ósea, que es determinante para la salud ósea en la etapa adulta. OBJETIVO: Predecir la salud ósea para comparar con otras regiones geográficas del mundo y verificar las diferencias de densidad y contenido mineral óseo de escolares clasificados con y sin riesgo de fragilidad ósea. MÉTODOS: Fue realizado un estudio descriptivo transversal en 1224 escolares (573 niños y 651 niñas) de la ciudad de Arequipa (Perú). El rango de edad oscila desde los 6 hasta los 16,9 años. Se evaluó el peso, estatura de pie, estatura sentada, diámetro del fémur, longitud del antebrazo derecho. Se calculó el Índice ponderal (IP), el estado de madurez a través del peak de velocidad de crecimiento (APVC), Densidad mineral ósea (DMO) y contenido mineral óseo (CMO) por ecuaciones de regresión. La muestra se clasificó en grupo con riesgo y sin riesgo de fragilidad ósea. RESULTADOS: La DMO y CMO se comparó con estudios de Países bajos, Chile, y China. Los niños de países bajos presentaron valores promedios superiores a los niños peruanos desde ~0,10 a 0,90 (g/cm2) en DMO y desde ~0,28 a 0,94 (g/cm2) en CMO en ambos sexos. Se observó 9% (n=52) en hombres y 12% (n= 78) en mujeres con riesgo de padecer osteoporosis y 91% (n=521) de hombres y 88% (n=573) de mujeres sin riesgo de osteoporosis. Hubo diferencias en el diámetro del fémur, longitud del antebrazo, DMO y CMO entre ambos grupos categorizados (con y sin riesgo) y en ambos sexos (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONES: Hubo discrepancias en la DMO y CMO con otras regiones geográficas, además los escolares clasificados con riesgo de fragilidad ósea presentaron tamaño de los huesos disminuidos y una pobre salud ósea en comparación con sus contrapartes sin riesgo

INTRODUCTION: During childhood and adolescence, the accumulation of bone mass is generated, which is decisive for bone health in adulthood. OBJECTIVE: To predict bone health to compare with other geographical regions of the world and to verify the differences in bone density and mineral content of schoolchildren classified with and without risk of bone fragility. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in 1224 schoolchildren (573 boys and 651 girls) from the city of Arequipa (Peru). The age range ranges from 6 to 16.9 years. Weight, standing height, sitting height, diameter of the femur, length of the right forearm were evaluated. The weight index (PI), the state of maturity through the growth rate peak (APVC), bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (CMO) were calculated by regression equations. The sample was classified into a group with risk and without risk of bone fragility. RESULTS: BMD and CMO were compared with studies from the Netherlands, Chile, and China. Children from the Netherlands presented mean values ​​higher than Peruvian children from ~ 0.10 to 0.90 (g / cm2) in BMD and from ~ 0.28 to 0.94 (g / cm2) in CMO in both sexes. It was observed 9% (n = 52) in men and 12% (n = 78) in women with risk of suffering osteoporosis and 91% (n = 521) of men and 88% (n = 573) of women without risk of osteoporosis . There were differences in the diameter of the femur, length of the forearm, BMD and CMO between both categorized groups (with and without risk) and in both sexes (p <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There were discrepancies in BMD and CMO with other geographic regions, in addition, schoolchildren classified as risk of bone fragility had decreased bone size and poor bone health compared to their counterparts without risk

Composición corporal en niños y adolescentes de Chile: revisión sistemática 2010-2017 / Body composition in children and adolescents in Chile: systematic review 2010-2017

FUNDAMENTOS: la contextualización y caracterización de las técnicas utilizadas para valorar la composición corporal (CC), brinda información sobre las regiones más investigadas en determinadas poblaciones específicas. Los objetivos fueron: a) contextualizar las investigaciones en niños y adolescentes chilenos según variables demográficas, b) verificar las técnicas de evaluación utilizadas para medir la CC y c) identificar las investigaciones efectuadas según región geográfica en Chile. MÉTODOS: Se efectuó una revisión sistemática sobre la CC en niños y adolescentes de Chile. Se consideraron estudios publicados la base de datos PubMed entre los años 2010-2017. Se utilizó una ficha de observación para registrar la información y para sistematizar el proceso de la revisión se utilizó el diagrama de flujo PRISMA. RESULTADOS: Se evidenció, entre los años 2010 y 2017, un total de 30 investigaciones, donde el tamaño de la muestra osciló desde 27 a 3.593 sujetos, desde los cero meses hasta los 18 años. La técnica de evaluación que más utilizada fue la absorciometría de rayos X de doble energía (DXA) (33%), seguido de la antropométrica de los pliegues cutáneos (28%), ecuaciones de regresión (15%) y dilución isotópica y bio-impedancia (12%). En la región metropolitana se efectuaron más estudios (67%), seguido de la región de la Araucanía (14%), Maule (10%), Valparaíso y Bio-Bio (3%) y un 3% no especifica la región. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados sugieren que es necesario ampliar las investigaciones de CC en el norte y sur de Chile y poner mayor énfasis en las variables demográficas, puesto que hasta donde se sistematizó son muy limitados

BACKGROUND: Contextualization and characterization in relation to the techniques most used to assess body composition (CC), provides information on the most researched regions in certain specific populations. The objectives were: a) contextualize the research carried out in Chilean children and adolescents according to demographic variables, b) verify the evaluation techniques that have been used to measure the CC, and c) identify the investigations that have been carried out according to geographical region in Chile. METHODS: A systematic review study on CC in children and adolescents in Chile was carried out. Studies published in the Pub Med database between the years 2010-2017 was considered. An observation sheet was used to record the information and to systematize the review process the PRISMA flow chart was used. RESULTS: A total of 30 investigations have been carried out between 2010 and 2017. The sample size varied from 27 to 3593 subjects, from zero months to 18 years. The most commonly used evaluation technique was double energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) (33%), followed by the anthropometric of skin folds (28%), regression equations (15%) and isotopic dilution and Bio impedance (12%). More studies (67%) have been carried out in the metropolitan region, followed by the Araucanía region (14%), Maule (10%), Valparaíso and Bio-Bio (3%) and 3% do not specify the region where was carried out. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that it is necessary to expand CC research in the north and south of Chile and place greater emphasis on demographic variables, since as far as it was systematized they are very limited

Pruebas de aptitud física que realizan los escolares / Physical fitness tests in schoolchildren

The objective was to determine the types of studies that have been carried out according to year and region and to verify the physical tests used according to physical fitness dimensions from 2010 to 2018. A systematic review was carried out. Physical fitness (study types and physical tests) was studied in Chile. The PubMed database was used, considering the period from 2010 to 2018. The keywords used in Spanish were: aptitud física, niños y adolescentes, Chile, and in English: physical aptitude, children and adolescents. The information was recorded on an observation sheet and for the data, the PRISM flow chart was used. 18 studies were identified. 88.9% are descriptive (cross-sectional) studies, 11.1% quasi-experimental. 38.9% were made in the Metropolitan region, 33.3% in Maule, 11% in Araucanía, 5.6% for each region of Los Lagos, Ñuble, and other unspecified regions. In the muscular dimension, it was determined that 38.9% used the manual clamping force and 50% the horizontal leap. In the cardiorespiratory dimension, 27.8% applied the Course-Navette test, 16.7% the 6-minute walk test, and 11% the 100-meter speed test. A high number of descriptive (cross-sectional) investigations were identified and the most commonly used physical tests were horizontal leap, manual clamping force, Course-Navette test, and 6-minute walk test. These results suggest the need to develop experimental and longitudinal studies, as well as the inclusion of morphological and motor dimensions in their protocols

El objetivo fue determinar los tipos de estudio que se han efectuado según año y región, y verificar las pruebas físicas utilizadas según dimensiones de la aptitud física durante 2010 a 2018. Se efectuó una revisión sistemática. Se estudió la aptitud física (tipos de estudio y pruebas físicas) en Chile. Se utilizó la base de datos PubMed, considerando el período 2010 a 2018. Las palabras clave utilizadas fueron, en español: aptitud física, niños y adolescentes, Chile, y en inglés: physical aptitude, children and adolescents. La información se registró en una ficha de observación y para la organización de datos se utilizó el diagrama de flujo PRISMA. Se identificaron 18 estudios. El 88.9% son de tipo descriptivo (transversales); el 11.1%, cuasiexperimentales. El 38.9% se efectuó en la región Metropolitana; el 33.3%, en El Maule; 11%, en la Araucanía; 5.6% para cada región de Los Lagos, Ñuble y no especificada. En la dimensión muscular, se determinó que el 38.9% utilizó la fuerza de prensión manual y el 50% el salto horizontal. En la dimensión cardiorrespiratoria, el 27.8% aplicó el test de Course Navette; el 16.7%, la caminata de 6 minutos, y el 11%, la prueba de velocidad de 100 metros. Se identificó un elevado número de investigaciones descriptivas (transversales) y las pruebas físicas más utilizadas fueron salto horizontal, fuerza de presión manual prueba de Course Navette y la caminata de 6 minutos. Estos resultados sugieren la necesidad de desarrollar estudios experimentales y longitudinales, así como la inclusión de dimensiones morfológicas y motoras en sus protocolos

Concordancia de ecuaciones que predicen el porcentaje de grasa en jóvenes futbolistas / Concordance of equations that predict the percentage of fat in young players

Introducción: la evaluación de la composición corporal puede ser relevante en el monitoreo de efectos potenciales de los programas de entrenamiento y salud de los jóvenes atletas. Objetivo: Analizar la concordancia de una ecuación de % de grasa corporal específica con ecuaciones genéricas que fueron desarrolladas para jóvenes no-deportistas y deportistas adultos. Métodos: Se efectuó un estudio de tipo descriptivo-comparativo. Fueron evaluados 109 jóvenes futbolistas de un club del fútbol profesional de Chile. Las edades oscilan entre 12.9 a 20.4. Se evaluó el peso, estatura de pie, estatura sentada, cinco pliegues cutáneos (bicipital, subscapular, supra-iliaca, abdominal). Se calculó la maduración somática por medio de los años de pico de velocidad de crecimiento (APVC). Se calculó el porcentaje de grasa (%G) a través de una ecuación específica para futbolistas y cinco ecuaciones generales. Resultados: La edad cronológica fue de 16.1±1.8 años y la edad biológica se presentó a los 14.8±0.9APVC. Los valores de %G oscilaron entre 8.8 a14.3% en las seis ecuaciones. El coeficiente de concordancia (CC) y los valores de precisión (P) y exactitud (Euros) entre la ecuación de Gómez-Boileau (CC= 0.34, P=0,60, E=0,42), Gómez-Slaugther (CC= 0.30, P=0,60, P=0,36, Gómez-Lohman (CC= 0.53, P=0,70, E= 0.61), Gómez-Cossio-Bolaños (CC= 0.62, P=0.80, E= 0,68), y Gómez-Faulkner (CC= 0,48, P= 0,80, E= 0,52). Conclusión: Las ecuaciones de Lohman y Cossio-Bolaños propuestas para adultos pueden ser utilizados para predecir el porcentaje de grasa corporal en jóvenes futbolistas entre 12 a 20 años, puesto que mostraron concordancia y elevados valores de precisión y exactitud en sus predicciones

Background: The evaluation of body composition may be relevant in monitoring the potential effects of the training and health programs of young athletes. Objective: To analyze the concordance of a specific body fat% equation with generic equations that were developed for non-athletes and adult athletes. Methodology: A descriptive-comparative study was carried out. 109 young footballers from a professional soccer club in Chile were evaluated. The ages range from 12.9 to 20.4. The weight, standing height, sitting height, five skin folds (bicipital, subscapular, supra-iliac, abdominal) were evaluated. Somatic maturation was calculated by means of the years of peak growth rate (APVC). The percentage of fat (% G) was calculated through a specific equation for footballers and five general equations. Results: The chronological age was 16.1 ± 1.8 years and the biological age was presented at 14.8 ± 0.9APVC. The values of% G ranged from 8.8 to 14.3% in the six equations. The concordance coefficient (CC) and the values of precision (P) and accuracy Euros between the Gómez-Boileau equation (CC = 0.34, P = 0.60, E = 0.42), Gómez-Slaugther (CC = 0.30), P = 0.60, P = 0.36, Gómez-Lohman (CC = 0.53, P = 0.70, E = 0.61), Gómez-Cossio-Bolaños (CC = 0.62, P = 0.80, E = 0, 68), and Gómez-Faulkner (CC = 0.48, P = 0.80, E = 0.52). Conclusion: The Lohman and Cossio-Bolaños equations proposed for adults can be used to predict the percentage of body fat in young players between 12 to 20 years, since they showed concordance and high values of precision and accuracy in their predictions

Auto-percepción de la aptitud física e Índice de Masa Corporal en adolescentes escolares / Self-perception of physical fitness and Body Mass Index in school adolescents

Introducción: La aptitud física junto al índice de Masa Corporal (IMC), resultan necesarios para la toma de decisiones referentes a la salud, permitiendo la implementación de programas de actividad física en la escuela. Objetivo: a) Relacionar el IMC con la auto-percepción de la aptitud física y b) verificar las diferencias de la auto-percepción de aptitud física de adolescentes con y sin exceso de peso corporal. Métodos: Se efectuó un estudio de tipo descriptivo (correlacional-comparativo). Fueron seleccionados de forma no-probabilística (accidental) 306 adolescentes (123 hombres y 183 mujeres) con un rango de edad entre 14,0 a 18,9 años. Se evaluó el peso y estatura. Se calculó el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC). Se aplicó una escala para medir auto-percepción de la Aptitud Física. Resultados: El IMC se relacionó negativamente con la auto-percepción de la aptitud física de adolescentes de ambos sexos. En los hombres la relación fue de R2= -0,283 y en mujeres de R2= -0,145. En las comparaciones en relación a las dimensiones de la aptitud física entre adolescentes con y sin exceso de peso, se observó diferencias significativas en ambos sexos (p<0,05). Conclusión: Se determinó que un elevado IMC afecta negativamente la auto-percepción de las dimensiones de la aptitud física de adolescentes de ambos sexos. Estos resultados sugieren que la percepción de la dimensión morfológica, muscular, motora y cardiovascular debe ser estimulada y trabajada en los centros escolares para promover actividades físicas, especialmente en adolescentes con exceso de peso

Background: Physical fitness along with the Body Mass Index (BMI), are necessary for making decisions regarding health, allowing the implementation of physical activity programs in the school. Aim: a) To relate BMI to self-perception of physical fitness and b) to verify the differences in the self-perception of physical fitness of adolescents with and without excess body weight. Methods: A descriptive (correlational-comparative) study was carried out. 306 adolescents (123 males and 183 females) were selected in a non-probabilistic (accidental) form with a age range between 14.0 and 18.9 years. Weight and height were evaluated. The Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated. A scale was used to measure self-perception of Physical Fitness. Results: BMI was negatively related to the self-perception of physical fitness of adolescents of both sexes. In men, the ratio was R2 = -0.283 and in R2 = -0.145. In the comparisons related to the physical fitness dimensions between adolescents with and without excess weight, significant differences were observed in both sexes (p <0.05). Conclusion: It was determined that a high BMI adversely affects the self-perception of the physical fitness dimensions of adolescents of both sexes. These results suggest that the perception of the morphological, muscular, motor and cardiovascular dimension should be stimulated and worked in schools to promote physical activities, especially in adolescents with excess weight