Pelvic digit: What are you pointing at?

A pelvic digit is a rare congenital anomaly and is often discovered incidentally. We present a 44-year-old male patient with bilateral pelvic digits discovered on a pelvic radiograph during a primary survey after a road traffic accident. Supplementary imaging using computed tomographic imaging confirmed the bilateral finding which is rare. No surgical attempt was made at removal as the patient remained asymptomatic.

Z-osteotomy for uniplanar femoral shaft deformity correction in an adolescent with osteogenesis imperfecta.

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is commonly associated with fragility fractures. It is due to abnormality in the quantity and quality of collagen type 1 caused by mutations in COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes. Patients with OI would also have blue sclera, ligament hyperlaxity, dentinogenesis imperfecta, hearing abnormality, and short stature. Surgical management is preferred to conservative treatment in long bone fractures. For malunited fractures, Sofield-Millar or multiple osteotomies at different sites of deformities are performed with additional intramedullary device to stabilize the bone. This is a case of femur fracture with multilevel CORAs in an adolescent patient with post-trauma OI in which z-osteotomies were performed and stabilized with titanium elastic nails resulting in good outcomes clinically and radiologically.

Correlation between Hounsfield unit derived from head, thorax, abdomen, spine and pelvis CT and t-scores from DXA.

OBJECTIVES: CT examination can potentially be utilised for early detection of bone density changes with no additional procedure and radiation dose. We hypothesise that the Hounsfield unit (HU) measured from CT images is correlated to the t-scores derived from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in multiple anatomic regions. MATERIALS & METHODS: Data were obtained retrospectively from all patients who underwent both CT examinations - brain (frontal bone), thorax (T7), abdomen (L3), spine (T7 & L3) or pelvis (left hip) - and DXA between 2014 and 2018 in our centre. To ensure comparability, the period between CT and DXA studies must not exceed one year. Correlations between HU values and t-scores were calculated using Pearson's correlation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated, and the area under the curve (AUC) was used to determine threshold HU values for predicting osteoporosis. RESULTS: The inclusion criteria were met by 1043 CT examinations (136 head, 537 thorax, 159 lumbar and 151 left hip). The left hip consistently provided the most robust correlations (r = 0.664-0.708, p < 0.001) and the best AUC (0.875-0.893). Meanwhile, thorax T7 and lumbar L3 showed average correlations (range of r values is 0.497-0.679, p < 0.001, AUC range = 0.680-0.783, 95% CI 0.561-0.922, all p < 0.02) and moderate AUC (0.680-0.783). Frontal bone shows low correlation and weak AUC with r < 0.5, AUC = 0.538-0.655, all p > 0.05. CONCLUSION: HU values derived from the hip, T7 and L3 provided a good to moderate correlation to t-scores with a good prediction for osteoporosis. The suggested optimal thresholds may be used in clinical settings after external validations are performed.

S1P-S1PR2 Axis Mediates Homing of Muse Cells Into Damaged Heart for Long-Lasting Tissue Repair and Functional Recovery After Acute Myocardial Infarction.

RATIONALE: Multilineage-differentiating stress enduring (Muse) cells, pluripotent marker stage-specific embryonic antigen-3+ cells, are nontumorigenic endogenous pluripotent-like stem cells obtainable from various tissues including the bone marrow. Their therapeutic efficiency has not been validated in acute myocardial infarction. OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study is to clarify the efficiency of intravenously infused rabbit autograft, allograft, and xenograft (human) bone marrow-Muse cells in a rabbit acute myocardial infarction model and their mechanisms of tissue repair. METHODS AND RESULTS: In vivo dynamics of Nano-lantern-labeled Muse cells showed preferential homing of the cells to the postinfarct heart at 3 days and 2 weeks, with ≈14.5% of injected GFP (green fluorescent protein)-Muse cells estimated to be engrafted into the heart at 3 days. The migration and homing of the Muse cells was confirmed pharmacologically (S1PR2 [sphingosine monophosphate receptor 2]-specific antagonist JTE-013 coinjection) and genetically (S1PR2-siRNA [small interfering ribonucleic acid]-introduced Muse cells) to be mediated through the S1P (sphingosine monophosphate)-S1PR2 axis. They spontaneously differentiated into cells positive for cardiac markers, such as cardiac troponin-I, sarcomeric α-actinin, and connexin-43, and vascular markers. GCaMP3 (GFP-based Ca calmodulin probe)-labeled Muse cells that engrafted into the ischemic region exhibited increased GCaMP3 fluorescence during systole and decreased fluorescence during diastole. Infarct size was reduced by ≈52%, and the ejection fraction was increased by ≈38% compared with vehicle injection at 2 months, ≈2.5 and ≈2.1 times higher, respectively, than that induced by mesenchymal stem cells. These effects were partially attenuated by the administration of GATA4-gene-silenced Muse cells. Muse cell allografts and xenografts efficiently engrafted and recovered functions, and allografts remained in the tissue and sustained functional recovery for up to 6 months without immunosuppression. CONCLUSIONS: Muse cells may provide reparative effects and robust functional recovery and may, thus, provide a novel strategy for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction.

CeO2-Decorated ?-MnO2 Nanotubes: A Highly Efficient and Regenerable Sorbent for Elemental Mercury Removal from Natural Gas.

CeO2 nanoparticle-decorated ?-MnO2 nanotubes (NTs) were prepared and tested for elemental mercury (Hg0) vapor removal in simulated natural gas mixtures at ambient conditions. The composition which had the largest surface area and a relative Ce/Mn atomic weight ratio of around 35% exhibited a maximum Hg0 uptake capacity exceeding 20 mg?g?1 (2 wt %), as determined from measurements of mercury breakthrough which corresponded to 99.5% Hg0 removal efficiency over 96 h of exposure. This represents a significant improvement in the activity of pure metal oxides. Most importantly, the composite nanosorbent was repeatedly regenerated at 350 ?C and retained the 0.5% Hg0 breakthrough threshold. It was projected to be able to sustain 20 regeneration cycles, with the presence of acid gases, CO2, and H2S, not affecting its performance. This result is particularly important, considering that pure CeO2 manifests rather poor activity for Hg0 removal at ambient conditions, and hence, a synergistic effect in the composite nanomaterial was observed. This possibly results from the addition of facile oxygen vacancy formation at ?-MnO2 NTs and the increased amount of surface-adsorbed oxygen species.

GC/MS Analysis of Fatty Acids on Pliek U Oil and Its Pharmacological Study by Molecular Docking to Filaggrin as a Drug Candidate in Atopic Dermatitis Treatment.

Analysis of fatty acid contents and pharmacological properties of Pliek U oil was performed. Fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and pharmacological properties based on its potential on filament-aggregating protein (filaggrin) were studied with bioinformatics approach by the reverse docking technique using palmitic acid as a control compound. Two Pliek U extracts, namely, Pliek U oil (PUO) and ethanolic Pliek U oil extract (EPUOE), were prepared. The GC-MS results revealed that lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, and oleic acid are the predominant fatty acids, with lauric acid being the abundant one in all Pliek U oil extracts. The reverse docking technique results showed that oleic acid had the most stable interaction to filaggrin with the lowest binding affinity (-6.1 kcal/mol). Oleic acid and palmitic acid have one same side binding to filaggrin on amino acid LEU D75. These findings indicated that oleic acid has the best potential to be used as a drug candidate in atopic dermatitis treatment.

Heterostructured Copper-Ceria and Iron-Ceria Nanorods: Role of Morphology, Redox, and Acid Properties in Catalytic Diesel Soot Combustion.

This work reports the synthesis of heterostructured copper-ceria and iron-ceria nanorods and the role of their morphology, redox, and acid properties in catalytic diesel soot combustion. Microscopy images show the presence of nanocrystalline CuO (9.5 ± 0.5 nm) and Fe2O3 (7.3 ± 0.5 nm) particles on the surface of CeO2 nanorods (diameter is 8.5 ± 2 nm and length within 16-89 nm). In addition to diffraction peaks of CuO and Fe2O3 nanocrystallites, X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies reveal doping of Cu2+ and Fe3+ ions into the fluorite lattice of CeO2, hence abundant oxygen vacancies in the Cu/CeO2 and Fe/CeO2 nanorods, as evidenced by Raman spectroscopy studies. XRD and Raman spectroscopy studies further show substantial perturbations in Cu/CeO2 rods, resulting in an improved reducibility of bulk cerium oxide and formation of abundant Lewis acid sites, as investigated by H2-temperature-programmed reduction and pyridine-adsorbed Fourier transform infrared studies, respectively. The Cu/CeO2 rods catalyze the soot oxidation reaction at the lowest temperatures under both tight contact (Cu/CeO2; T50 = 358 °C, temperature at which 50% soot conversion is achieved, followed by Fe/CeO2; T50 = 368 °C and CeO2; T50 = 433 °C) and loose contact conditions (Cu/CeO2; T50 = 419 °C and Fe/CeO2; T50 = 435 °C). A possible mechanism based on the synergetic effect of redox and acid properties of Cu/CeO2 nanorods was proposed: acid sites can activate soot particles to form reactive carbon species, which are oxidized by gaseous oxygen/lattice oxygen activated in the oxygen vacancies (redox sites) of ceria rods.

Nanoscale Cobalt-Manganese Oxide Catalyst Supported on Shape-Controlled Cerium Oxide: Effect of Nanointerface Configuration on Structural, Redox, and Catalytic Properties.

Understanding the role of nanointerface structures in supported bimetallic nanoparticles is vital for the rational design of novel high-performance catalysts. This study reports the synthesis, characterization, and the catalytic application of Co-Mn oxide nanoparticles supported on CeO2 nanocubes with the specific aim of investigating the effect of nanointerfaces in tuning structure-activity properties. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis reveals the formation of different types of Co-Mn nanoalloys with a range of 6 ± 0.5 to 14 ± 0.5 nm on the surface of CeO2 nanocubes, which are in the range of 15 ± 1.5 to 25 ± 1.5 nm. High concentration of Ce3+ species are found in Co-Mn/CeO2 (23.34%) compared with that in Mn/CeO2 (21.41%), Co/CeO2 (15.63%), and CeO2 (11.06%), as evidenced by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. Nanoscale electron energy loss spectroscopy analysis in combination with XPS studies shows the transformation of Co2+ to Co3+ and simultaneously Mn4+/3+ to Mn2+. The Co-Mn/CeO2 catalyst exhibits the best performance in solvent-free oxidation of benzylamine (89.7% benzylamine conversion) compared with the Co/CeO2 (29.2% benzylamine conversion) and Mn/CeO2 (82.6% benzylamine conversion) catalysts for 3 h at 120 °C using air as the oxidant. Irrespective of the catalysts employed, a high selectivity toward the dibenzylimine product (97-98%) was found compared with the benzonitrile product (2-3%). The interplay of redox chemistry of Mn and Co at the nanointerface sites between Co-Mn nanoparticles and CeO2 nanocubes as well as the abundant structural defects in cerium oxide plays a key role in the efficiency of the Co-Mn/CeO2 catalyst for the aerobic oxidation of benzylamine.

Effect of a Swelling Agent on the Performance of Ni/Porous Silica Catalyst for CH4-CO2 Reforming.

Hierarchical porous materials are of great interest in various industrial applications because of their potential to overcome the mass transport limitations typically encountered for single-mode porous materials. This report describes the synthesis of a hierarchical trimodal porous silica-based material using a 7.5 molar ratio of a relatively inexpensive nonionic surfactant template, triblock copolymer P123, EO20PO70EO20. The pore size distribution curve shows the presence of three types of pores with average diameters of ∼8, 25, and 89 nm. Electron microscope images confirm the existence of smaller ordered mesopores (first mode), larger ordered mesopores (second mode), and macropores (third mode). Ni nanoparticles dispersed on this trimodal porous silica produce a material that exhibited excellent catalytic performance for the CO2 reforming of CH4. This research provides new insights that will facilitate the development of trimodal porous silica (TMS) materials for a variety of applications. The results demonstrated that the presence of large pores (second and third mode pores) in TMS material increased the number of accessible active Ni sites, which led to the high activity observed for Ni/TMS catalyst.

Designing CuOx Nanoparticle-Decorated CeO2 Nanocubes for Catalytic Soot Oxidation: Role of the Nanointerface in the Catalytic Performance of Heterostructured Nanomaterials.

This work investigates the structure-activity properties of CuOx-decorated CeO2 nanocubes with a meticulous scrutiny on the role of the CuOx/CeO2 nanointerface in the catalytic oxidation of diesel soot, a critical environmental problem all over the world. For this, a systematic characterization of the materials has been undertaken using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), transmission electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM-EDS), high-angle annular dark-field-scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy-electron energy loss spectroscopy (STEM-EELS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, N2 adsorption-desorption, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. The TEM images show the formation of nanosized CeO2 cubes (∼25 nm) and CuOx nanoparticles (∼8.5 nm). The TEM-EDS elemental mapping images reveal the uniform decoration of CuOx nanoparticles on CeO2 nanocubes. The XPS and Raman studies show that the decoration of CuOx on CeO2 nanocubes leads to improved structural defects, such as higher concentrations of Ce(3+) ions and abundant oxygen vacancies. It was found that CuOx-decorated CeO2 nanocubes efficiently catalyze soot oxidation at a much lower temperature (T50 = 646 K, temperature at which 50% soot conversion is achieved) compared to that of pristine CeO2 nanocubes (T50 = 725 K) under tight contact conditions. Similarly, a huge 91 K difference in the T50 values of CuOx/CeO2 (T50 = 744 K) and pristine CeO2 (T50 = 835 K) was found in the loose-contact soot oxidation studies. The superior catalytic performance of CuOx-decorated CeO2 nanocubes is mainly attributed to the improved redox efficiency of CeO2 at the nanointerface sites of CuOx-CeO2, as evidenced by Ce M5,4 EELS analysis, supported by XRD, Raman, and XPS studies, a clear proof for the role of nanointerfaces in the performance of heterostructured nanocatalysts.

Controlling core/shell formation of Nanocubic p-Cu2O/n-ZnO toward enhanced photocatalytic performance.

p-Type Cu2O/n-type ZnO core/shell photocatalysts has been demonstrated to be an efficient photocatalyst as a result of their interfacial structure tendency to reduce the recombination rate of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Monodispersed Cu2O nanocubes were synthesized and functioned as the core, on which ZnO nanoparticles were coated as the shells having varying morphologies. The evenly distributed ZnO decoration as well as assembled nanospheres of ZnO were carried out by changing the molar concentration ratio of Zn/Cu. The results indicate that the photocatalytic performance is initially increased, owing to formation of small ZnO nanoparticles and production of efficient p-n junction heterostructures. However, with increasing Zn concentration, the decorated ZnO nanoparticles tend to form large spherical assemblies resulting in decreased photocatalytic activity due to the interparticle recombination between the agglomerated ZnO nanoparticles. Therefore, photocatalytic activity of Cu2O/ZnO heterostructures can be optimized by controlling the assembly and morphology of the ZnO shell.

Polyelectrolytes ability in reducing atrazine concentration in water: surface effects.

This paper reports on the direct ability of two positively charged organic polyelectrolytes (natural-based and synthetic) to reduce the atrazine concentration in water. The adsorption study was set up using multiple glass vessels with different polymer dosing levels followed by ultrafiltration with a 1 kDa membrane. The addition of polymers exhibited a capability in reducing the atrazine concentration up to a maximum of 60% in surface-to-volume ratio experiments. In the beginning, the theoretical L-type of the isotherm of Giles' classification was expected with an increase in the dosage of the polymer. However, in this study, the conventional type of isotherm was not observed. It was found that the adsorption of the cationic polymer on the negatively charged glass surface was necessary and influential for the removal of atrazine. Surface-to-volume ratio adsorption experiments were performed to elucidate the mechanisms and the polymer configuration. The glass surface area was determined to be a limiting parameter in the adsorption mechanism.

Distal Junctional Failure due to Spondylodiscitis in a Patient with Long Posterior Fixation for Ossified Longitudinal Ligament and Ossified Ligamentum Flavum.

Introduction: Distal junctional failure (DJF) is underreported when compared to proximal junctional failure. DJF arising due to spondylodiscitis has never been reported in the literature. Case Report: A 45-year-old lady with a body mass index of 33 presented with a long-standing inability to walk due to myelopathy secondary to continuous ossified posterior longitudinal ligament and ossified ligamentum flavum. Posterior fusion and laminectomy were done from D2 to L2. She had an initial wound breakdown with a surgical site infection, but after 6 weeks, she developed spondylodiscitis at the distal instrumented vertebra, leading to DJF. She was started on appropriate antibiotics and an extension of fusion. Conclusion: This report demonstrates and discusses the management of a rare case of DJF arising due to spondylodiscitis of the last instrumented vertebra.

Cultivation of Arthrospira platensis and harvesting using edible fungi isolated from mould soybean cake.

In this study, the cultivation and harvesting of Arthrospira platensis biomass were proposed via simple, safe, and efficient techniques for direct consumption. Cultivation of microalgae in a covered macrobubble column under outdoor conditions resulted in significant differences (p < 0.05) with a maximum dry cell weight (Xm) of 0.959 ± 0.046 g/L. Notably, outdoor cultures resulted in approximately twofold biomass compared to indoor cultures. This outcome shows that the developed outdoor setup integrated with solar panels while utilising Malaysia's weather and atmospheric air as carbon sources is viable. Meanwhile, for harvesting, the screening showed that the fungus isolated from mould soybean cake (tempeh) starter indicated the highest harvesting efficiency, which was then further identified as Rhizopus microsporus, microscopically and molecularly. Overall, the economical and portable setup of outdoor cultivation coupled with safe harvesting via locally isolated fungus from tempeh as a bioflocculant would provide sustainability to produce A. platensis biomass.

Biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Tinosporacordifolia leaves: An effective antibiofilm agent against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 23235.

Medicinal plants are long known for their therapeutic applications. Tinospora cordifolia (commonly called gulancha or heart-leaved moonseed plant), a herbaceous creeper widely has been found to have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer properties. However, there remains a dearth of reports regarding its antibiofilm activities. In the present study, the anti-biofilm activities of phytoextractof T. cordifolia and the silver nanoparticles made from this phytoextract were tested against the biofilm of S.taphylococcus aureus, one of the major nosocomial infection-producing bacteria taking tetracycline antibiotic as control. Both phytoextract from the leaves of T. cordifolia, and the biogenic AgNPs from the leaf extract of T. cordifolia, were found successful in reducing the biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus. The biogenic AgNPs formed were characterized by UV- Vis spectroscopy, Field emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE- SEM), and Dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique. FE- SEM images showed that the AgNPs were of size ranging between 30 and 50 nm and were stable in nature, as depicted by the zeta potential analyzer. MIC values for phytoextract and AgNPs were found to be 180 mg/mL and 150 µg/mL against S. aureusrespectively. The antibiofilm properties of the AgNPs and phytoextract were analyzed using the CV assay and MTT assay for determining the reduction of biofilms. Reduction in viability count and revival of the S. aureus ATCC 23235 biofilm cells were analyzed followed by the enfeeblement of the EPS matrix to quantify the reduction in the contents of carbohydrates, proteins and eDNA. The SEM analyses clearly indicated that although the phytoextracts could destroy the biofilm network of S. aureuscells yet the biogenicallysynthesizedAgNPs were more effective in biofilm disruption. Fourier Transformed Infrared Radiations (FT- IR) analyses revealed that the AgNPs could bring about more exopolysaccharide (EPS) destruction in comparison to the phytoextract. The antibiofilm activities of AgNPs made from the phytoextract were found to be much more effective than the non-conjugated phytoextract, indicating the future prospect of using such particles for combatting biofilm-mediated infections caused by S aureus.

DHA-rich fish oil and Tualang honey reduce chronic stress-induced oxidative damage in the brain of rat model.

Background: Exposure to chronic stress induces oxidative damage which alters the dynamic balance between antioxidant and pro-oxidant activities in the brain. Tualang honey (TH) is a Malaysian wild multifloral honey which has been shown to contain high amount antioxidants. DHA-rich fish oil is a form of omega-3 fatty acids found in fish which also possesses some antioxidant activity. This study aimed to evaluate anti-stress activity of DHA-rich fish oil, TH and their combination on several parameters of oxidative stress in chronic stress rat model. Methods: Fifty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into (i) control, (ii) stress-exposed, (iii) stress-exposed and treated with TH (1 g/kg body weight twice daily), (iv) stress-exposed and treated with DHA-rich fish oil (450 mg/kg body weight twice daily), and (v) stress-exposed and treated with a combination of TH and DHA-rich fish oil. The chronic stress regimen consisted of a combination of restraint stress and a swim stress test for 28 days. Results: DHA-rich fish oil and TH significantly (p < 0.05) supressed stress-induced elevation of serum corticosterone and lipid peroxidation, and caused a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity. For glutathione status, only TH significantly reduced stress-induced elevation of oxidised glutathione (GSSG) and normalised GSH/GSSG ratio. Conclusion: Both DHA-rich fish oil and TH have protective effects against brain oxidative stress but consuming these substances together does not seem to provide an additional benefit compared to consuming them separately.

In Vitro and In Vivo Antibiofilm Potential of Eicosane Against Candida albicans.

Candida albicans is the most prevalent fungus in humans, producing infections ranging from mucosal to systemic. C. albicans colonizes mucosal surfaces asymptomatically as commensal, but, if the host environment is disrupted, or if the host immune system is compromised, C. albicans can multiply and infect almost all places in the host. The present study was aimed to identify a promising antibiofilm agent against Candida albicans biofilm. Through the molecular docking approach, it was identified that Eicosane was the top hit among the alkanes screened. Furthermore, in vitro analysis revealed that Eicosane at 100 µg/mL was able to inhibit 60% of C. albicans biofilm without inhibiting the growth. Moreover, light microscopic investigation unveiled the significant reduction in the adhesion and colonization of yeast cells to the matrix on Eicosane-treated samples. The CLSM images showing a reduction in biomass and thickness of C. albicans biofilm in the presence of Eicosane were validated using COMSTAT. The results were well corroborated with SEM micrograph in which a pellucid gap between the cells was observed and colonization was considerably reduced. Further from qPCR analysis, the genes responsible for biofilm formation and hyphal growth were found to be downregulated in the presence of Eicosane. Similarly, Eicosane at BIC was able to significantly inhibit the adhesion and colonization of yeast cells on the chorion of the zebrafish embryos. Moreover, the binding ability of Eicosane to ALS3 was revealed through docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies.

Multi-Omics Approach in Amelioration of Food Products.

Determination of the quality of food products is an essential key factor needed for safe-guarding the quality of food for the interest of the consumers, along with the nutritional and sensory improvements that are necessary for delivering better quality products. Bacteriocins are a group of ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides that help in maintaining the quality of food. The implementation of multi-omics approach has been important for the overall enhancement of the quality of the food. This review uses various recent technologies like proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics for the overall enhancement of the quality of food products. The matrix associated with the food products requires the use of sophisticated technologies that help in the extraction of a large amount of information necessary for the amelioration of the food products. This review would provide a wholesome view of how various recent technologies can be used for improving the quality food products and for enhancing their shelf-life.

Analysis of chemical compositions and larvicidal activity of nut extracts from Areca catechu Linn against Aedes (Diptera: Culicidae).

BACKGROUND: There is a growing need to use green alternative larvicidal control for Aedes larvae compared to chemical insecticides. Substantial reliance on chemical insecticides caused insecticide resistance in mosquito populations. Thus, research for alternate chemical compounds from natural products is necessary to control Aedes larvae. This study explores the analysis of chemical compositions from Areca catechu nut as a potential larvicide for Aedes (Diptera: Culicidae). METHODS: The Areca catechu nut collected from Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia was grounded into powder and used for Soxhlet extraction. The chemical analysis of the extracts and their structures were identified using the GCMS-QP2010 Ultra (Shimadzu) system. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Chemistry WebBook, Standard Reference Database 69 (https://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/) and PubChem (https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/), the two databases used to retrieve the synonyms, molecular formula, molecular weight, and 2-dimensional (2D) structure of chemical compounds. Next, following WHO procedures for larval bioassays, the extracts were used to asses larvicidal activity against early 4th instar larvae of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. RESULTS: The larvicidal activities were observed against early 4th stage larvae with different concentrations in the range from 200 mg/L to 1600 mg/L. The LC50 and LC95 of Aedes aegypti were 621 mg/L and 2264 mg/L respectively; whereas the LC50 and LC95 of Aedes albopictus were 636 mg/L and 2268 mg/L respectively. Mortality was not observed in the non-target organism test. The analysis using gas chromatography and mass spectrometer recovered several chemical compounds such as Arecaidine, Dodecanoic acid, Methyl tetradecanoate, Tetradecanoic acid , and n-Hexadecanoic acid bioactive components. These chemical constituents were used as additive formulations in pesticides, pest control, insect repellent, and insecticidal agents. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed significant outcomes from the extract of Areca catechu nut and it deserves further investigation in relation to chemical components and larvicidal actions between different species of Aedes mosquitoes. Even though all these findings are fundamental, it may have some interesting potentials to be developed as natural bio-larvicidal products.