[Densitometric investigation of the dynamics of bone defects regeneration in surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis].

Apicotomy of 105 teeth of 78 patients with chronic periodontitis has been performed. The periapical defect were filled with two kinds of osteoplastic matter: the first group was treated with demineralised bone matrix of newborn pigs (DBMNP), the second group with artificial hydroxyapatite, while both matters were enriched with platelet rich plazma (PRP).As a third, control group, cases. The defects of which were not filled with osteoplastic matter, were investigated. The dynamics of the regeneration of bone defects was studied based on the data of densitometric investigation. The results of objective observations have revealed high efficiency of surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis with the filling with DBMNP in combination with PRP.

[Phosphorylation of lysine-rich histones by swine brain histokinase]. / Fosforilirovanie bogatykh lizinom gistonov gistokinazoi iz mozga svin'i

The phosphorylation of lysine-rich histones F1, F2a2 and F2b of calf thymus has been investigated using homogeneous histone kinase from pig brain. 32P-labelled phosphopeptides from tryptic digests of corresponding histones were obtained. According to N-terminal analysis and the quantitative determination of amino acid composition of the obtained radioactive peptides the sites of phosphorylation were identified in the primary structure of lysine-rich histones, namely, Ser-38 for the polypeptide chain of histone F1, Ser-19 or 18 for histone F2a2 and Ser-14 and 36 for histone F2b. Thus, the high specificity of brain histone kinase in vitro was demonstrated.

[Identification of a glutamate dehydrogenase amino acid residue modified by 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-oxopiperidine-1-oxyl. Study of the type of inactivation of a catalytically active enzyme oligomer in modification]. / Identifikatsiia aminokislotnogo ostatka glutamatdegidrogenazy, modifitsiruemogo 2,2,6,6-tetrametil-4-oksopiperidin-1-oksilom. Izuchenie kharaktera inaktivatsii kataliticheski aktivnogo oligomera fermenta pri modifikatsii.

It has been shown that 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-oxo-piperidine-1-oxyl selectively blocks epsilon-amino group of Lys126 residue in bovine liver glutamate dehydrogenase (L-glutamate NAD(P) oxydoreductase, EC 1.4.1.3). Modification of this residue in one of the six promoters of catalytically active hexamer is accompanied by the loss of about half of the enzymatic activity. The enzyme inactivation caused by modification has a cooperative character.

[Synaptosomal degradation of neuropeptides]. / Sinaptosomnoe rasshcheplenie neiropeptidov.

Proteolytic conversions of some neuropeptides possessing neurotransmitter and neuromodulator properties were studied on the synaptosomal plasma membrane level. The main goal was to describe the peptide bonds being primarily hydrolysed by membrane peptidases. The analysis of the accumulated data allowed one to make some summarizing conclusions about properties of the enzyme system responsible for the biological inactivation of the peptides in synapsis.

[An increase in the rate of proteolysis in vitro after treatment with oxidized glutathione]. / Uvelichenie skorosti rasshchepleniia belkov in vitro pod vliianiem okislennogo glutationa.

The effect of the formation of mixed disulphides--protein-glutathione--on the proteolysis rate was studied using soluble fractions of proteins from different rat tissues as substrates. It was shown that the binding of oxidized glutathione to proteins increases the proteolysis rate under the effect of trypsin and chymotrypsin. When the concentration of oxidized glutathione is 5.10(-4) M a 1.2-1.4-fold increase in the proteolysis rate is registered and when the concentration is 5.10(-3) M a 1.4-1.8 fold increase is observed.

[Protein substrates of proteinases with fluorescent labels]. / Belkovye substraty proteinaz s fluorestsentnymi metkami.

Protein substrates for proteinases with double fluorescent fluorophors are synthesized. Pyridoxal-5'-phosphate, dansyl chloride and fluorescein isothiocyanate were used as fluorescent sounds for modification of globin. Phosphoyridoxyl fluorophor was present in the both substrates. The second label was either fluoresceinthiocarbamyl or dansyl fluorophor. Spectral characteristics and ability to hydrolysis of obtained substrates have been studied. The influence of some salts on fluorescent characteristics of those substrates have been analyzed. Differentiation of the hydrolyzed substrate from the initial one by ammonium sulphate is shown to be possible.

[Detection of Helicobacter pylori in stomach cancer]. / Vyiavlenie Helicobacter pylori pri rake zheludka.

Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection was detected in different segments of the gastric mucosa in 13 patients with stomach tumors. Twenty five patients suffering from stomach ulcers were used as controls. HP infection was diagnosed by means of urease and microbiological testing. HP was identified in all cases of stomach cancer, the rates of dissemination in the mucosa in such patients being higher than in those with stomach ulcers.

[The pathophysiological basis of vagotomy in perforated duodenal ulcers]. / Patofiziologicheskoe obosnovanie vagotomii pri perforativnykh duodenal'nykh iazvakh.

Fractional intubation, intragastric pH-metry and other methods were used in complex examination of 107 patients who had perforated duodenal ulcers. The influence of surgical vagotomy upon the state of tissue blood flow was determined by means of polarography with a medicamentous vagotomy test. The medicamentous denervation was found to result in decreased blood supply of the acid-producing area and increased blood filling of the duodenum mucose. A conclusion is made that performing vagotomy is expedient after suturing the ulcer defect in patients having no diffuse purulent peritonitis.

[Characteristics of Helicobacter infections in gastroduodenal ulcers and their complications]. / Osobennosti gelikobakaterioza pri gastroduodenal'nykh iazvakh i ikh oslozhneniiakh.

The presence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) was studied in 143 patients with ulcer disease of the stomach and duodenum. The urease test, immunoenzyme analysis, "AEROTEST" and culture of HP in laboratory conditions were used for diagnosis of HP. On the grounds of the culture method three degrees of colonization of the gastroduodenal mucosa were established. It was found that 96.3% of the patients were infected with HP, 86.3% of them having massive colonization. All the patients with complicated ulcers of the duodenum were HP-positive. A severe degree of the HP-infection with the predominant involvement of the antral part was characteristic of patients with bleeding ulcers; in patients with perforative ulcers and stenosis of the pyloric part the HP status is notable for considerably greater variability. Among the patients with gastric ulcers there was less amount of cases with HP (88.2%) as compared with those having duodenal ulcers. All patients with complicated disease were infected with HP, but there was nothing specific in colonization depending on.

[Patient Helicobacter pylori infectivity after gastric resection]. / Infitsirovannost' Helicobacter pylori bol'nykh posle rezektsii zheludka.

The article is devoted to investigation of the Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection in 14 patients after resection of the stomach for ulcers of the gastroduodenal zone. Different methods were used for the assessment of the state of the gastric stump and gastroenteric anastomosis in the postoperative period. In most cases different degree of inflammatory alterations of the gastric mucosa were detected. In 2 cases (14.3%) peptic ulcers of the anastomosis developed. Changes to the gastric stump of 11 patients were associated with the HP infection which involved the mucosa of the anastomosed intestine in 8 patients. The data obtained point to possible participation of HP pathogenesis of the alterations detected after the stomach resection. The question of the expediency of a specific antibacterial therapy in the postoperative period and in treatment of certain kinds of postgastroresectional syndromes is raised.

[Primary structure of tyrosine-containing histone Fi peptide by means of dansyl ultramicromethod]. / Issledovanie pervichnoi struktury tirozinsoderzhashchego peptida gistona Fl s ispolzovaniem dansil'nogo ul'tramikrometoda

A method of ultramicroanalysis of dansyl-aminoacids is worked out and used for studying the primary structure of tirosin-containing F1 histone peptide isolated from calf thymus nitriated unfractionated F1 histone. The peptide is shown to be common for all the histone subfractions. The analysis of amino acid composition and C-terminal sequency using carboxypeptidase Y has shown that the peptide structure is identical to the amino acid sequence of the respective peptide from the subfraction 3 of rabbit thymus F1 histone, in the latter glycine being substituted with alanine.

[Glutathione disulfide inhibits degradation of substance P induced by synaptosomal plasma membranes]. / Disul'fid glutationa podavliaet rasshcheplenie veshchestva P pod deistviem sinaptosomal'nykh plazmaticheskikh membran.

The effects of phosphorylation, ribosylation of proteins and formation of protein-mixed disulfides on substance P degradation under the action of synaptosomal plasma membranes were studied. It was found that only the formation of mixed disulfides between membrane proteins and oxidized glutathione affected (inhibited) the peptide degradation process. Using an oxidized glutathione fluorescent derivative, it was shown that a 50% inhibition occurs as a result of binding of 2 nmol of the glutathione residue to 1 mg of the membrane protein.

[Breakdown of luliberin, somatostatin and substance P as an effect of hypothalamic endopeptidases]. / Raspad liuboliberina, somatostatina i veshchestva P pod deistviem gipotalamicheskikh éndopeptidaz.

Acid and neutral proteinases were isolated with the purpose of investigating their participation in the breakdown of hypothalamic peptides and proteins. The acid proteinase was purified about 1000-fold from hypothalamus by precipitation with acetone, chromatography on SP-Sephadex G-50, gel filtration through column of G-100 and chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-50. The molecular weight of the enzyme was approximately 50.000. Maximal activity against hemoglobin was obtained at pH 3,2--3,5: serum albumin was split much more slowly. Hypothalamus acid proteinase was partially inhibited by beta-phenyl pyruvate, benzothonium cloride, and was completely inhibited by low concentrations of pepstatin. This proteinase splits somatostatin, Substance P and some C-fragments of Substance P. The probable sites of enzyme action on these peptides were determined by the end group dansyl technique. Neutral proteinase was isolated from the supernatant fraction(100.000 g) of a 0,3 M sucrose homogenate of bovine hypothalamus by chromatography on DEAE Sephadex A-50, gel filtration through Sephadex G-100 and rechromatography on DEAE sephadex A-50 using luliberin as substrate. The rates of breakdown of luliberin and denaturated hemoglobin were measured by fluorometric estimation of acid-soluble peptides wieht o-phthaldialdehyde. The purifed enzyme preparations have a pH optimum of activity at 7--7,5. The enzymes molecular weight was approximatelyy 30--40.000. Enzyme activity was inhibited by L-1-tosylamide-2-phenylethylchloromethyl ketone, p-chloromercuribenzoate and divalent ions Co2+, Zn2+ and was significantly enhanced by dithiothreitol. The Km values for the reaction of hydrolysis of luliberin and hemoglobin were 1,33.10(-5) and 5,2.10(-5) M respectively. The neutral proteinase from the hypothalamus cleaves luliberin, somatostatin and Substance P. Sites of action of the enzyme upon those peptides were determined by means of the dansyl technique. The acid proteinase, most likely cathepsin D, and neutral proteinase from hypothalamus, may play an important role in the formation and breakdown of peptide hormones in the hypothalamus.

[The role of phospholipids and their fatty acids in the structural organization of membranes of plasmid-containing and plasmid-less Salmonella derby cells]. / Rol' fosfolipidov i ikh zhirnykh kislot v strukturnoi organizatsii membran plazmidosoderzhashchikh i besplazmidnykh kletok Salmonella derby.

The effect of R-plasmid on the qualitative and quantitative compositions of phospholipids and their fatty acids in bacterial (S. derby) cells has been studied. It has been found that the lack of R-plasmid in bacterial cells leads to a sharp decrease in the phospholipid content, in the phosphatidylcholine content in particular, and causes an increase in the per cent content of lysophosphatidylcholines. The per cent content of saturated and nonsaturated fatty acids of phospholipids in plasmid-free cells does not change appreciably. In the plasmid-free strain of S. derby the intensity of lipid peroxidation is associated with a relatively high content of alpha-tocopherol.