Electron microscopic localization of virions in developing teeth of young hamsters infected with minute virus of mice.

Virus particles were detected within the nuclei and cytoplasm of odontogenic cells in the developing teeth of young hamsters infected with a small DNA virus (MVM). Disturbances of normal cytodifferentiation and organogenesis occurred as a result of viral multiplication. Virions were also observed in dense lysosome-like bodies of activated monocytes within the periodontal ligament and adjacent connective tissues. Fibrolytic and osteolytic lesions in the periodontal ligament and adjacent alveolar bone were associated with the inflammatory cell infiltrate.

Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis in children: a 9 year clinical study.

Twenty-eight children with ANUG and nine children with noma were studied over the past 9 years. It is concluded that these entities occur only in children from low socioeconomic groups and have a multifactorial etiology consisting of poor oral hygiene and malnutrition. In the case of noma, a prior infection with a viral agent or intestinal parasitism appears to be important predisposing factors.

Periodontosis: a problem in orthodontics.

1. Periodontosis occurs in the same age group in which orthodontic therapy is most often done. It is a periodontal disease which in the early stages may show little or no gingival inflammation and is easily overlooked unless one is aware of the existence of this condition and looks for it. 2. Since malocclusions are common in adolescents, it is reasonable to expect that some adolescents with malocclusions will also develop periodontosis. 3. Periodontosis may have its onset during active orthodontic treatment. 4. Orthodontists, should routinely examine all of their patients, using adequate roentgenograms and a periodontal probe before initiating therapy and at periodic (yearly) intervals during active treatment. 5. Where malocclusions are present in patients who already have periodontosis, orthodontic treatment may be a necessary and beneficial part of the total treatment plan.

Focal facial inflammation of the attached gingiva.

An unusual gingivitis noted as a discrete lesion involving the facial attached gingiva in a focal and confined area has been described in two adolescent females. A unique histopathologic appearance includes a striking intraepithelial edema associated with a focal area of acute and chronic inflammation. Inconclusive immunologic study of one patient indicated an epithelial-connective tissue immune complex deposition suggestive of but not typical of that seen in pemphigoid.

Topical application of doxycycline on periodontally involved root surfaces in vitro: comparative analysis of substantivity on cementum and dentin.

In this study, substantivity of topically applied doxycycline hydrochloride on root surfaces obtained from patients with periodontal disease was studied in vitro. Cementum and dentin specimens were impregnated with aqueous solutions of doxycycline for 3 minutes, and incubated in serum for 10 minutes, 7 days, and 14 days. Substantivity was determined by agar diffusion inhibition assay. Comparative analyses of cementum versus dentin groups were conducted with 2-way analysis of variance. Results indicated that there was no statistically significant differences between the binding potential of doxycycline to cementum and dentin specimens. Antibacterial effect of specimens treated with the concentration of 100 mg/ml persisted for 14 days, indicating the presence of doxycycline in biologically active form. Our findings demonstrate the long lasting substantivity of doxycycline hydrochloride on periodontally diseased root surfaces and supports the concept of using root surfaces as a substrate for the deposition and slow release for local tetracycline delivery.

Studies of herpes simplex virus and interferon in human gingival cell cultures.

Cultures of human gingival fibroblast cells from patients with a positive or negative history of recurrent herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection were compared with respect to susceptibility to HSV infection and interferon activity. There was a possible inverse relationship between interferon sensitivity of gingival fibroblast cells and a clinical history of recurrent disease. No correlation was found between prior infection and other parameters of interferon activity or susceptibility of the cells to HSV.

Effects of anesthetics containing epinephrine on catecholamine levels during periodontal surgery.

Nine stable cardiovascular disease patients were evaluated in a double-blind cross-over trial during periodontal surgery using 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 or lidocaine alone. In the lidocaine with epinephrine group, epinephrine levels increased from 198 +/- 54 pg/ml to 592 +/- 166 pg/ml at 2 minutes post-injection. In the lidocaine alone group, epinephrine levels increased from a baseline of 115 +/- 34 pg/ml to 150 +/- 34 pg/ml at 2 minutes post-injection. Despite these elevations in epinephrine, no significant changes in heart rate or mean arterial pressure were noted. Plain lidocaine provided unsatisfactory levels of hemostasis and/or anesthesia during periodontal surgery. This study documents acute elevations in plasma epinephrine levels following local dental anesthesia for periodontal surgery. These elevations in plasma epinephrine failed to produce a significant cardiovascular response in a group of stable cardiovascular disease patients. This suggests that the cardiac effects of local anesthetics containing epinephrine are small and that they can be safely used in stable cardiovascular disease patients.

Clinical and laboratory studies on human sclera allografts.

In the first section of this two-part report human peripheral blood leukocytes were tested for reactivity to extracts of sclera. Absence of scleral antigenicity is suggested by the results which showed that the leukocytes reacted similarly in sclera stimulated cultures and in the controls. The second part of the report discusses the clinical aspects of sclera allografts and provides guidelines for their clinical use. A case is presented where a sclera graft was in position for approximately a year. The tooth was removed with the attached graft and a histologic study made.

Importance of combined periodontal and acid-etch composite treatment in restoration of anterior teeth and periodontal health.

Severely fractured, hypoplastic, and carious mandibular anterior teeth in a 17-year-old patient precluded the ability to use adequate methods of control of plaque. With simple, inexpensive techniques, periodontal health was restored and a functional and esthetic occlusion was provided. This treatment plan was accomplished with minimal risk of injuring the pulps of the teeth.

External resorption associated with tooth eruption.

A case is presented with severe resorption on the mesial root of the mandibular first permanent molar in a patient with Juvenile Periodontitis. The follicle of the bicuspid is seen in contact with mesial root of the molar.

Periodontal considerations in children.

The initial elimination of gingival involvement is not a great problem in children and the adolescent. The difficulty lies in maintaining gingival health once it has been re-established, particularly during puberty. The answer lies in frequent recalls during which the importance of plaque control must be re-emphasized, the use of the periodontal probe introduced to the patient, and problem areas dealt with immediately. Recalls at frequent intervals is one of the best ways of combating patient non-compliance.