RESUMEN
Hydrodistilled essential oil from Rhododendron anthopogonoides Maxim. (Ericaceae) aerial parts was analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 42 compounds, accounting for 95.48% of the total oil, were identified. The main constituents of the essential oil were benzyl acetone (34.41%), nerolidol (10.19%), 1,4-cineole (8.41%), beta-caryophyllene (5.63%), gamma-elemene (5.10%), and spathulenol (3.06%). Four constituents were isolated from the essential oil based on fractionation. The essential oil of R. anthopogonoides possessed nematicidal activity against the root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) with an LC50 value of 130.11 microg/ml. The main compound of the essential oil, benzyl acetone, exhibited nematicidal activity against M. incognita with an LC50 value of 74.17 microg/ml while 1,4-cineole, nerolidol, and beta-caryophyllene were not nematicidal at a concentration of 5 mg/ml. The essential oil of R. anthopogonoides and benzyl acetone show potential for their development as possible natural nematicides for the control of the root knot nematode.
Asunto(s)
Antinematodos/farmacología , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Rhododendron/química , Tylenchoidea/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Antinematodos/química , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Aceites Volátiles/químicaRESUMEN
The screening of several Chinese medicinal herbs for nematocidal properties showed that the ethanol extract of Liriope muscari fibrous roots possessed significant nematocidal activity against the pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus). From the ethanol extract, a new constituent (1,4-epoxy-cis-eudesm-6-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside) and three known glycosides [1ß,6α-dihydroxy-cis-eudesm-3-ene-6-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (liriopeoside A), 1ß,6ß-dihydroxy-cis-eudesm-3-ene-6-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside, and 1α,6ß-dihydroxy-5,10-bis-epi-eudesm-4(15)-ene-6-O-ß D-glucopyranoside] were isolated by bioassay-guided fractionation. The structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR and MS techniques. 1,4-Epoxy-cis-eudesm-6-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside possessed moderate nemato-cidal activity against B. xylophilus with a LC(50 )value of 339.76 µg/mL, while liriopeoside A (LC(50) = 82.84 µg/mL) and 1ß,6ß-dihydroxy-cis-eudesm-3-ene-6-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (LC(50) = 153.39 µg/mL) also exhibited nematocidal activity against B. xylophilus. The crude extract of L. muscari fibrous roots exhibited nematocidal activity against the pine wood nematode with a LC(50) value of 182.56 µg/mL.
Asunto(s)
Glucósidos/aislamiento & purificación , Liriope (Planta)/química , Raíces de Plantas/química , Sesquiterpenos de Eudesmano/aislamiento & purificación , Animales , Antinematodos/química , Antinematodos/aislamiento & purificación , Antinematodos/farmacología , Glucósidos/química , Glucósidos/farmacología , Liriope (Planta)/anatomía & histología , Medicina Tradicional China , Estructura Molecular , Nematodos/efectos de los fármacos , Pinus/parasitología , Sesquiterpenos de Eudesmano/química , Sesquiterpenos de Eudesmano/farmacologíaRESUMEN
A screening of several Chinese medicinal herbs for nematicidal properties showed that Arisaema erubescens (Wall.) Schott tubers possessed significant nematicidal activity against the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita). From the ethanol extract, two nematicidal flavone-C-glycosides were isolated by bioassay-guided fractionation. The compounds were identified as schaftoside and isoschaftoside on the basis of their phytochemical and spectral data. Schaftoside and isoschaftoside possessed strong nematicidal activity against M. incognita (LC(50) = 114.66 µg/mL and 323.09 µg/mL, respectively) while the crude extract of A. erubescens exhibited nematicidal activity against the root-knot nematode with a LC(50) value of 258.11 µg/mL.