RESUMEN
Urinary bladder worm infection is relatively uncommon in pet dogs and cats in the Americas. This report describes the diagnosis of lower urinary tract infection by Pearsonema plica in two asymptomatic dogs and P. feliscati in a cat with lower urinary tract clinical signs diagnosed between 2002 and 2015, and the first report of this type of parasitism in domestic small animals in Mexico at an altitude above 2600 m above sea level. The studied cases demonstrate the need to consider a urinary bladder worm infection in domestic small animals, both stray animals and those with controlled access to the streets. Although a definitive host as foxes does not exist among the urban wildlife in cities of the Americas, stray dogs and cats should be considered as potential reservoir hosts of Pearsonema, which requires future epidemiological studies in these populations.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Gatos/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Nematodos/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Nematodos/veterinaria , Vejiga Urinaria/parasitología , Infecciones Urinarias/parasitología , Altitud , Animales , Enfermedades de los Gatos/parasitología , Gatos , Enfermedades de los Perros/parasitología , Perros , Femenino , Zorros/parasitología , México , Infecciones por Nematodos/parasitología , Infecciones Urinarias/diagnóstico , Infecciones Urinarias/veterinariaRESUMEN
A higher frequency of canine silica urolithiasis is found in Mexico, unlike <1-8% in other countries. The causes and risk factors for this pathology are unknown. However, we consider the consumption of high amounts of silica from the solid diet or dissolved in water as the only hypothesis. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for silica urolithiasis in dogs from Mexico. A total of 1383 clinical cases of canine urolithiasis were included in this study; the uroliths were analyzed to determine their mineral composition by stereoscopic microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. Of these cases, 12.94% were considered pure silica uroliths; however, considering the mixed and compound uroliths, the frequency increased to 17.42%. Male dogs aged >6 years and large breeds, especially Labradors and Golden retrievers, were at significant risk for this disease. 98.88 % of the clinical cases studied were found in the central axis of the country, considering this finding as a possible geographical risk factor to be analyzed in another study.
RESUMEN
Obesity is a chronic disease in which adipose tissue accumulates in such a way that it affects the health of the patient and is associated with a myriad of alterations such as systemic hypertension (HTN). The mechanisms by which obesity causes HTN are complex and involve several organic mechanisms. The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between obesity to HTN in dogs in accordance with recent international protocols (systolic blood pressure >160 mmHg) relating to age, genre, gonadal status, breed and other diseases commonly associated with HTN. A total of 244 dogs were studied, 105 non-obese controls and 139 in the obese group. For both groups, healthy and a variety of diseased dogs were observed; the correlations between pathologies and obesity were studied, paying special attention to diseases whose pathophysiologies could lead to HTN. We conclude that obesity is not a risk factor for dogs to develop HTN, and that HTN present in these patients was related to comorbidities such as chronic kidney disease, cardiopathies and endocrinopathies.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/etiología , Enfermedades del Sistema Endocrino/veterinaria , Cardiopatías/veterinaria , Hipertensión/veterinaria , Obesidad/veterinaria , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/veterinaria , Animales , Perros , Enfermedades del Sistema Endocrino/complicaciones , Femenino , Cardiopatías/complicaciones , Hipertensión/etiología , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Obesidad/complicaciones , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/complicaciones , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
Lower urinary tract diseases (LUTD) include different conditions that affect the urinary bladder, urethra and prostate. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of different related diseases, to characterize the population affected, and to determine risk factors in dogs. The clinical cases were diagnosed with LUTD through physical examination, and clinical laboratory and imaging studies. Male dogs had a greater predisposition to present a LUTD. Dogs from 3 months to 18 years with a median of 8 years were affected, and the most affected breeds were Poodle, Labrador, German shepherd, Schnauzer, Cocker Spaniel and Chihuahua. The LUTD presented with the following frequencies: bacterial urinary tract infection 34.02%; micturition disorders 22.68%; urolithiasis 20.61%; prostatic disease 14.43%; traumatic problems 8.24%. Sixty-seven per cent of the cases were specific diseases, such as uncomplicated and complicated bacterial urinary tract infections, urinary retention of neurologic origin and silica urolithiasis.(AU)
Doenças do trato urinaÌrio inferior (DTUI) incluem vaÌrias condiçoÌes cliÌnicas que afetam a bexiga, proÌstata e uretra. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a frequeÌncia de diferentes doenças relacionadas, caracterizar a populaçaÌo afetada, e determinar os fatores de risco em caÌes. Os casos cliÌnicos com DTUI foram diagnosticados atraveÌs de exame fiÌsico, estudos laboratoriais e de imagem. Os caÌes machos apresentam uma maior predisposiçaÌo para DTUI. Foram afectados cães com idades compreendidas entre os 3 meses a 18 anos, com uma mediana de oito anos, sendo as raças mais predispostas os Poodle, Labrador, Pastor AlemaÌo, Schnauzer, Cocker Spaniel e Chihuahua. A etiologia DTUI apresentou as seguintes frequeÌncias: 34,02% foram originadas em infecção do trato urinário inferior; 22,68% em distúrbios miccionais; 20,61% em urolitíase; 14,43% em doença prostática; 8,24% em problemas traumáticos. Sessenta e sete por cento dos casos de DTUI estavam associados a doenças específicas, tais como infecçoÌes bacterianas do trato urinaÌrio naÌo complicadas e complicadas, retençaÌo urinaÌria neurogeÌnica e urolitíase por siÌlica.(AU)