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1.
Nature ; 440(7086): 896-9, 2006 Apr 13.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16612375

RESUMEN

Vega, the second brightest star in the northern hemisphere, serves as a primary spectral type standard. Although its spectrum is dominated by broad hydrogen lines, the narrower lines of the heavy elements suggested slow to moderate rotation, giving confidence that the ground-based calibration of its visible spectrum could be safely extrapolated into the ultraviolet and near-infrared (through atmosphere models), where it also serves as the primary photometric calibrator. But there have been problems: the star is too bright compared to its peers and it has unusually shaped absorption line profiles, leading some to suggest that it is a distorted, rapidly rotating star seen pole-on. Here we report optical interferometric observations that show that Vega has the asymmetric brightness distribution of the bright, slightly offset polar axis of a star rotating at 93 per cent of its breakup speed. In addition to explaining the unusual brightness and line shape peculiarities, this result leads to the prediction of an excess of near-infrared emission compared to the visible, in agreement with observations. The large temperature differences predicted across its surface call into question composition determinations, adding uncertainty to Vega's age and opening the possibility that its debris disk could be substantially older than previously thought.

2.
Science ; 217(4566): 1267-70, 1982 Sep 24.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17837649

RESUMEN

Skeletal structures that resist only tensile forces can scale differently than compression resisting structures that fail in bending or buckling. The tensile structures examined scalelike simple ropes: length and diameter of the structure are not correlated, and in three of four cases, length is independent of scale or load, but diameter is dependent on scale. These relations suggest that similarity in stress rather than strain, or deformational behavior, is the basis for mechanical adaptation in the gross dimensions of these tensile structures.

3.
Science ; 290(5489): 131-4, 2000 Oct 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11021797

RESUMEN

Benzodiazepine tranquilizers are used in the treatment of anxiety disorders. To identify the molecular and neuronal target mediating the anxiolytic action of benzodiazepines, we generated and analyzed two mouse lines in which the alpha2 or alpha3 GABAA (gamma-aminobutyric acid type A) receptors, respectively, were rendered insensitive to diazepam by a knock-in point mutation. The anxiolytic action of diazepam was absent in mice with the alpha2(H101R) point mutation but present in mice with the alpha3(H126R) point mutation. These findings indicate that the anxiolytic effect of benzodiazepine drugs is mediated by alpha2 GABAA receptors, which are largely expressed in the limbic system, but not by alpha3 GABAA receptors, which predominate in the reticular activating system.


Asunto(s)
Ansiolíticos/farmacología , Diazepam/farmacología , Receptores de GABA-A/metabolismo , Animales , Ansiolíticos/metabolismo , Conducta Animal/efectos de los fármacos , Sitios de Unión , Encéfalo/efectos de los fármacos , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Células Cultivadas , Diazepam/metabolismo , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Femenino , Marcación de Gen , Hipocampo/citología , Potenciales de la Membrana/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones , Técnicas de Placa-Clamp , Fenobarbital/farmacología , Mutación Puntual , Células Piramidales/efectos de los fármacos , Células Piramidales/fisiología , Receptores de GABA-A/química , Receptores de GABA-A/genética , Transmisión Sináptica , Ácido gamma-Aminobutírico/farmacología
4.
Nat Neurosci ; 1(7): 563-71, 1998 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10196563

RESUMEN

Most fast inhibitory neurotransmission in the brain is mediated by GABAA receptors, which are mainly postsynaptic and consist of diverse alpha and beta subunits together with the gamma 2 subunit. Although the gamma 2 subunit is not necessary for receptor assembly and translocation to the cell surface, we show here that it is required for clustering of major postsynaptic GABAA receptor subtypes. Loss of GABAA receptor clusters in mice deficient in the gamma 2 subunit, and in cultured cortical neurons from these mice, is paralleled by loss of the synaptic clustering molecule gephyrin and synaptic GABAergic function. Conversely, inhibiting gephyrin expression causes loss of GABAA receptor clusters. The gamma 2 subunit and gephyrin are thus interdependent components of the same synaptic complex that is critical for postsynaptic clustering of abundant subtypes of GABAA receptors in vivo.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas Portadoras/fisiología , Proteínas de la Membrana/fisiología , Agregación de Receptores/fisiología , Receptores de GABA-A/fisiología , Sinapsis/metabolismo , Animales , Células Cultivadas , Quimera , Conductividad Eléctrica , Isomerismo , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos , Neuronas/metabolismo , Sinapsis/fisiología
5.
J Clin Oncol ; 6(9): 1516-9, 1988 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3418377

RESUMEN

The American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) has asked that directors of medical oncology training programs establish systems to evaluate, document, and substantiate the clinical competence of subspecialty trainees who seek certification. The Board defines the certificable medical oncologist at the completion of training as being competent to provide comprehensive and specialized medical care based on a high standard of demonstrated component skills. These skills clearly exceed those demonstrated by the certified internist. The goal of this expanded evaluation program is to ensure that the public and the profession can identify, through certification, physicians capable of providing a high standard of medical care.


Asunto(s)
Certificación , Competencia Clínica/normas , Medicina Interna/educación , Oncología Médica/educación , Consejos de Especialidades , Humanos , Estados Unidos
6.
J Am Coll Cardiol ; 11(6): 1365-7, 1988 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3367010

RESUMEN

The American Board of Internal Medicine has called on directors of cardiology training programs to establish systems to evaluate, document and substantiate those components of overall clinical competence considered essential for certification in the subspecialty. Many of these can be assessed only by repeated direct observations. In particular, proficiency is now required in advanced cardiac life support including cardioversion, electrocardiography (including ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring) and exercise testing, echocardiography, insertion of arterial lines and right heart catheterization (including insertion of temporary pacemakers). The goal of this expanded evaluation program is to ensure that the public and the profession can identify, through certification, physicians with demonstrated excellence in cardiovascular disease.


Asunto(s)
Cardiología/normas , Certificación/normas , Competencia Clínica/normas , Consejos de Especialidades , Cardiología/educación , Curriculum , Educación Médica/normas , Humanos , Estados Unidos
7.
J Am Coll Cardiol ; 16(1): 24-9, 1990 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2358596

RESUMEN

Ethical standards are a set of affirmative responsibilities to which the investigator must subscribe; behavior that is incompatible with these responsibilities should be presumed unethical, whether or not it is explicitly proscribed. This Task Force sought to present these standards as principles or guidelines. In undertaking research an investigator must accept that publicly funded or supported research is intended to yield public benefit; personal gain should be only incidental to and not at the expense of the public benefit. The responsibilities of the investigator are summarized as follows: Design of Research To develop a research design that effectively and efficiently addresses the scientific question while minimizing the likelihood of incorrect or misleading results. To protect the rights and welfare of human subjects, assure the humane use of laboratory animals and protect the safety of laboratory workers and the environment. Conduct of Research To ensure that accepted laboratory and research practices are followed and that all data are accurately collected and properly recorded; the investigator must participate in the review of original data. To carry out research in accordance with that approved by the institutional review board and ensure that fully informed consent is obtained, that the welfare of human subjects is protected and that animal welfare and laboratory safety procedures are carried out. To provide effective ongoing supervision of research trainees and technicians. In multidisciplinary collaborative research, to have at least an overview familiarity with the work outside his or her areas of expertise. In fixed protocol, multicenter collaborative research the investigator must be satisfied with the adequacy of the collaborative activities.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


Asunto(s)
Investigación Biomédica , Ética Profesional , Investigación/normas , Responsabilidad Social , Difusión de la Información , Mentores , Proyectos de Investigación
8.
Arch Gen Psychiatry ; 57(6): 547-52, 2000 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10839332

RESUMEN

In response to public pressure to allow the medical use of marijuana, the Office of National Drug Control Policy, Washington, DC, funded a study by the Institute of Medicine evaluating the scientific evidence for benefits and risks of using marijuana as a medicine. The report used scientific reviews, public hearings, and reports from other agencies, and was evaluated by knowledgeable advisors and reviewers. It called for heavier investment in research on the biology of cannabinoid systems, careful clinical studies of cannabinoids in clinical syndromes, analysis of cannabinoids' psychological effects on symptoms, and evaluations of the health consequences of heavy marijuana use; recommends against the use of smoked marijuana in medicine and for the development of a medical cannabinoid inhaler; and recommends that compassionate use of marijuana be considered under carefully reviewed protocols. Finally, the report evaluates the abuse potential, tolerance, withdrawal, and gateway risks of medical use of cannabinoid drugs.


Asunto(s)
Cannabis/uso terapéutico , Control de Medicamentos y Narcóticos , National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine, U.S., Health and Medicine Division , Fitoterapia , Cannabinoides/efectos adversos , Cannabinoides/farmacología , Cannabinoides/uso terapéutico , Cannabis/efectos adversos , Trastornos de Alimentación y de la Ingestión de Alimentos/prevención & control , Humanos , Abuso de Marihuana/etiología , Náusea/inducido químicamente , Náusea/prevención & control , Dolor/prevención & control , Pautas de la Práctica en Medicina , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Estados Unidos , Vómitos/inducido químicamente , Vómitos/prevención & control , Síndrome Debilitante/tratamiento farmacológico
9.
FEBS Lett ; 431(3): 400-4, 1998 Jul 24.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9714551

RESUMEN

Amino acids in the alpha- and gamma-subunits contribute to the benzodiazepine binding site of GABA(A)-receptors. We show that the mutation of a conserved histidine residue in the N-terminal extracellular segment (alpha1H101R, alpha2H101R, alpha3H126R, and alpha5H105R) results not only in diazepam-insensitivity of the respective alphaxbeta2,3gamma2-receptors but also in an increased potentiation of the GABA-induced currents by the partial agonist bretazenil. Furthermore, Ro 15-4513, an inverse agonist at wild-type receptors, acts as an agonist at all mutant receptors. This conserved molecular switch can be exploited to identify the pharmacological significance of specific GABA(A)-receptor subtypes in vivo.


Asunto(s)
Diazepam/farmacología , Receptores de GABA-A/efectos de los fármacos , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Azidas/farmacología , Secuencia de Bases , Benzodiazepinas/farmacología , Benzodiazepinonas/farmacología , Línea Celular , Humanos , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Mutagénesis Sitio-Dirigida , Oligodesoxirribonucleótidos , Técnicas de Placa-Clamp , Ratas , Receptores de GABA-A/química , Receptores de GABA-A/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/química , Proteínas Recombinantes/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética
10.
Am J Med ; 111(9B): 45S-47S, 2001 Dec 21.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11790370

RESUMEN

Among its responsibilities, the hospitalist movement in internal medicine must fulfill the educational needs of medical students and residents. Rigorous studies can discern what special objectives, curriculum, and funding will be effective for hospitalists to meet these obligations.


Asunto(s)
Prácticas Clínicas/normas , Médicos Hospitalarios/educación , Medicina Interna/educación , Internado y Residencia/normas , Competencia Clínica , Ética Médica , Femenino , Reforma de la Atención de Salud , Hospitales de Enseñanza , Humanos , Masculino , Innovación Organizacional , Estados Unidos
11.
Am J Med ; 71(2): 270-3, 1981 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7258220

RESUMEN

Increasing numbers of U.S. citizens are studying medicine abroad and returning for graduate medical education and practice. The numbers and performance of U.S. citizen and all other graduates of foreign medical schools on the certifying examination of the American Board of Internal Medicine were compared with those of graduates of U.S. medical schools for 1975-1980. Numbers of first-taker U.S. citizen foreign medical school graduates increased whereas numbers of all other foreign medical school graduates decreased during this period. In 1980, U.S. citizens represented 19 percent of all first-taker foreign medical school graduates. During the study period, annual examinations were passed by 79 to 82 percent of U.S. medical school graduates, 15 to 38 percent of U.S. citizen foreign medical school graduates, and 27 to 45 percent of all other foreign medical school graduates taking an examination for the first time. On each examination, U.S. citizen foreign medical school graduates did not do as well as all other foreign medical school graduates. Members of all groups met the same postdoctoral training requirements.


Asunto(s)
Certificación , Educación Médica/normas , Médicos Graduados Extranjeros , Medicina Interna/educación , Facultades de Medicina , Estados Unidos/etnología
12.
Neuroreport ; 5(3): 285-8, 1993 Dec 13.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7507726

RESUMEN

Ligand-gated ion channels generally display a heterooligomeric subunit structure. The present report describes an electrophysiological method that provides criteria indicating the subunit stoichiometry of a recombinant GABAA receptor composed of alpha 3, beta 2 and gamma 2 subunits. Our results exclude the stoichiometries 3 alpha 1 beta 1 gamma, 1 alpha 3 beta 1 gamma, 1 alpha 1 beta 3 gamma and suggest that the possible subunit stoichiometries for this receptor are 2 alpha 1 beta 2 gamma, 2 alpha 2 beta 1 gamma or 1 alpha 2 beta 2 gamma, of which the alpha subunit composition 2 alpha 1 beta 2 gamma may be favoured. The method is based on the quantification of the outward rectification of the GABA-evoked current induced by point mutation of charged amino acids located near the ion channel pore.


Asunto(s)
Mutación , Receptores de GABA-A/genética , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Línea Celular , Electrofisiología , Humanos , Canales Iónicos/metabolismo , Riñón/citología , Riñón/metabolismo , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Ratas , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética
13.
Brain Res ; 458(1): 65-71, 1988 Aug 16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3208101

RESUMEN

The isolated somata of neurons from the thoracic ganglia of the locust, Locusta migratoria, respond to pressure microapplication of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and acetylcholine. The acetylcholine receptors fall into two groups. ACh1 (activated by nicotine) and ACh2 (activated by muscarine). The GABA receptor and the ACh1 receptor differ in pharmacology from the known vertebrate receptors. The GABA receptor is insensitive to bicuculline and its salts up to a concentration of 10(-4) M. In contrast, bicuculline is a moderately potent, at least partially competitive antagonist of the ACh1 receptor-mediated response in the thoracic neuronal somata. These observations suggest that classical diagnostic compounds such as bicuculline may show greater cross-reactivity than hitherto suspected among the members of the superfamily of ligand-activated channels.


Asunto(s)
Acetilcolina/farmacología , Bicuculina/farmacología , Muscarina/farmacología , Neuronas/fisiología , Nicotina/farmacología , Ácido gamma-Aminobutírico/fisiología , Animales , Potenciales Evocados/efectos de los fármacos , Saltamontes , Técnicas In Vitro , Potenciales de la Membrana/efectos de los fármacos , Neuronas/efectos de los fármacos , Valores de Referencia
14.
Brain Res ; 401(2): 267-78, 1987 Jan 20.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3028577

RESUMEN

Mechanically dissociated neuronal somata from the thoracic ganglia of Locusta migratoria and Schistocerca gregaria were viable in vitro for hours and were current- and voltage-clamped to record the responses evoked by brief pressure applications of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the presence of various modulators. The application of GABA and muscimol, but not baclofen, produced a hyperpolarization and concurrent increase in the membrane conductance. The current underlying this response reversed at -65 mV, was evoked in all cells tested and showed outward rectification. In 6 of 74 Locusta neurones but not in the neurones of Schistocerca, GABA and muscimol evoked a biphasic response. The initial, fast phase was indistinguishable from the GABA-evoked current seen in all neurones. The remaining predominant, slow and long-duration component of the response was an inward current over the membrane potential range 0 to -80 mV, increasing with hyperpolarization. The GABAA antagonists bicuculline and pitrazepin were without effect on the fast GABA response while picrotoxin was a potent blocker of both the fast and the slow GABA responses. Flunitrazepam enhanced the amplitude of the fast response by up to 70% without increasing its duration. Sodium pentobarbital enhanced both the amplitude and the duration of the fast GABA response. We conclude that the locust thoracic neuronal GABA receptor/channel complex resembles the vertebrate GABAA receptor in having associated modulatory receptor sites for benzodiazepines and barbiturates, but differs from it in terms of the pharmacology of the GABA receptor itself.


Asunto(s)
Ganglios/efectos de los fármacos , Saltamontes/fisiología , Receptores de GABA-A/efectos de los fármacos , Ácido gamma-Aminobutírico/farmacología , Animales , Fenómenos Químicos , Química , Flunitrazepam/farmacología , Técnicas In Vitro , Pentobarbital/farmacología , Especificidad de la Especie , Vertebrados
15.
Brain Res ; 213(2): 449-54, 1981 Jun 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6113877

RESUMEN

The pentapeptide proctolin increases the amplitude of contraction but not heart beat frequency of the isolated heart of Limulus polyphemus. It acts directly on the heart muscle and has no effects on the neurones of the cardiac ganglion or on the cardiac neuromuscular EJPs. A peptide with molecular weight, enzymatic susceptibilities and physiological effects similar to those of proctolin occurs in the Limulus cardiac ganglion. It is suggested that proctolin, or a family of proctolin-like peptides, may modulate muscle contraction in more than one subphylum of the Arthropoda.


Asunto(s)
Corazón/fisiología , Contracción Miocárdica/efectos de los fármacos , Neuropéptidos , Neurotransmisores/farmacología , Oligopéptidos/farmacología , Animales , Ganglios/fisiología , Frecuencia Cardíaca/efectos de los fármacos , Cangrejos Herradura , Neuronas/efectos de los fármacos , Neuronas/fisiología
16.
Eur J Pharmacol ; 419(1): 1-7, 2001 May 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11348623

RESUMEN

The functional pharmacology of receptors composed of the chicken brain GABA(A) receptor gamma 4 subunit and the mammalian GABA(A) receptor alpha 3 and beta2 subunits was studied by heterologous expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes using the two electrode voltage-clamp technique. GABA-evoked currents had an EC(50) of 180+/-30 microM. Responses were blocked by the competitive and non-competitive GABA(A) receptor antagonists, bicuculline methochloride and picrotoxin. Sodium pentobarbital reversibly potentiated the current several-fold, and Zn(2+) ions blocked the current with high potency (IC50=20 microM). GABA-evoked currents were potentiated by the benzodiazepine site full agonists flunitrazepam and triazolam and less by the partial agonists abecarnil and bretazenil. The inverse agonists methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate (beta-CCM) and methyl 6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate (DMCM) reduced the current. However, the imidazobenzodiazepine Ro 15-4513, which acts as an inverse agonist at mammalian alphaxbetaygamma2 GABA(A) receptors (where x=1, 2, 3 or 5, and y=1, 2 or 3), acted as a positive agonist at the gamma 4 subunit-containing receptors.


Asunto(s)
Moduladores del GABA/farmacología , Receptores de GABA-A/metabolismo , Animales , Bicuculina/farmacología , Química Encefálica , Pollos , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Agonistas del GABA/farmacología , Antagonistas del GABA/farmacología , Humanos , Oocitos/metabolismo , Técnicas de Placa-Clamp , Pentobarbital/farmacología , Picrotoxina/farmacología , Subunidades de Proteína , Receptores de GABA-A/química , Receptores de GABA-A/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo , Xenopus laevis , Zinc/química , Zinc/farmacología , Ácido gamma-Aminobutírico/farmacología
17.
Neurosci Lett ; 44(1): 59-64, 1984 Jan 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6425741

RESUMEN

When applied to the isolated cardiac ganglion of Portunus, octopamine decreases the ganglionic burst frequency and increases the burst duration in a dose-dependent manner over the concentration range 10(-8) M to 10(-6) M. These effects are accompanied by a hyperpolarization (maximum 5 mV) of the cardiac ganglion motor neurones and a decrease in the magnitude of the interburst pacemaker potential in these neurones. The evidence that octopamine plays a cardiomodulatory role in vivo is discussed.


Asunto(s)
Braquiuros/fisiología , Octopamina/farmacología , Potenciales de Acción/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Ganglios/fisiología , Corazón/fisiología , Potenciales de la Membrana/efectos de los fármacos , Neuronas Motoras/efectos de los fármacos , Periodicidad/efectos de los fármacos
18.
Neurosci Lett ; 170(1): 87-90, 1994 Mar 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8041519

RESUMEN

In this study, in situ hybridization techniques were employed to map the distribution of enteric neurons which express mRNA for the glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 (NMDAR1). We hybridized tissue sections from the stomach, duodenum, ileum and descending colon of adult rats with a 1.43-kB riboprobe cleaved from a clone of the NMDA receptor. Enteric neurons expressing the mRNA were found in both myenteric and submucosal ganglia at each of the sampling sites. Possible functions of NMDA receptors on enteric neurons are discussed.


Asunto(s)
Sistema Nervioso Entérico/metabolismo , Neuronas/metabolismo , ARN Mensajero/biosíntesis , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/biosíntesis , Animales , Autorradiografía , Química Encefálica/fisiología , Sistema Nervioso Entérico/citología , Hibridación in Situ , Plásmidos , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley
19.
Acad Med ; 65(8): 523-6, 1990 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2383335

RESUMEN

The performances of Canadian medical school graduates and U.S. osteopathic medical school graduates who first took the American Board of Internal Medicine Certifying Examination between 1984 and 1988 were compared with the performances, during the same period, of U.S. and foreign medical school graduates. Approximately 100 Canadian graduates took the examination each year; by 1988 the number of osteopathic graduates taking it was 102, double the number participating in 1984. Nearly all the Canadian graduates attended university or university-affiliated residencies, whereas half of the osteopathic graduates attended non-university-affiliated programs. For their overall clinical competence and for the eight components of clinical competence, the Canadian graduates were rated highest, followed by the U.S., osteopathic, and foreign graduates. The Canadians' average examination scores were also highest. The authors discuss the relatively low level of performance of the osteopathic graduates, but conclude that these graduates appear to be an untapped source of talented physicians for internal medicine residencies. The limitations of studying self-selected groups of candidates are also discussed.


Asunto(s)
Certificación , Competencia Clínica , Medicina Interna , Medicina Osteopática/educación , Canadá , Evaluación Educacional , Médicos Graduados Extranjeros , Estados Unidos
20.
Equine Vet J ; 10(3): 145-7, 1978 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-688995

RESUMEN

Serum agglutination tests, anti-globulin tests, and complement fixation tests were carried out on sera taken over a period of 98 days from two fillies experimentally infected with the contagious equine metritis organism. The pattern, and significance in diagnosis, of these results is discussed. All 3 tests showed positive titres in the acute phase of experimental disease; reactions in the complement fixation test persisted longest.


Asunto(s)
Formación de Anticuerpos , Infecciones Bacterianas/veterinaria , Endometritis/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Caballos/inmunología , Pruebas de Aglutinación , Animales , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/inmunología , Bacterias/inmunología , Infecciones Bacterianas/inmunología , Pruebas de Fijación del Complemento , Endometritis/inmunología , Femenino , Caballos
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