RESUMEN
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a clonal expansion of hematopoietic precursors blocked at the promyelocytic stage. Gene expression profiles of APL cells obtained from 16 patients were compared to eight samples of CD34+-derived normal promyelocytes. Malignant promyelocytes showed widespread changes in transcription in comparison to their normal counterpart and 1020 differentially expressed genes were identified. Discriminating genes include transcriptional regulators (FOS, JUN and HOX genes) and genes involved in cell cycle and DNA repair. The strong upregulation in APL of some transcripts (FLT3, CD33, CD44 and HGF) was also confirmed at protein level. Interestingly, a trend toward a transcriptional repression of genes involved in different DNA repair pathways was found in APL and confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reactor (PCR) in a new set of nine APLs. Our results suggest that both inefficient base excision repair and recombinational repair might play a role in APLs development. To investigate the expression pathways underlying the development of APL occurring as a second malignancy (sAPL), we included in our study eight cases of sAPL. Although both secondary and de novo APL were characterized by a strong homogeneity in expression profiling, we identified a small set of differentially expressed genes that discriminate sAPL from de novo cases.
Asunto(s)
Reparación del ADN/genética , Células Precursoras de Granulocitos/patología , Células Precursoras de Granulocitos/fisiología , Leucemia Promielocítica Aguda/genética , Leucemia Promielocítica Aguda/patología , Adulto , Antígenos CD/genética , Antígenos CD/metabolismo , Antígenos CD34/metabolismo , Antígenos de Diferenciación Mielomonocítica/genética , Antígenos de Diferenciación Mielomonocítica/metabolismo , Análisis por Conglomerados , Femenino , Citometría de Flujo , Regulación Leucémica de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , Receptores de Hialuranos/genética , Receptores de Hialuranos/metabolismo , Inmunofenotipificación , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Análisis de Secuencia por Matrices de Oligonucleótidos , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Lectina 3 Similar a Ig de Unión al Ácido Siálico , Transcripción Genética , Tirosina Quinasa 3 Similar a fms/genética , Tirosina Quinasa 3 Similar a fms/metabolismoRESUMEN
This study analyzed the carapace distribution of Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, Pb, Sb, U, V and Zn by GF-AAS and ICP-AES in one specimen of Caretta caretta from Mediterranean Sea. Calcium, Mg, Mn, Pb, U, Zn were mainly distributed in the central area while Cd, Cr, Cu, Sb, V in lateral areas. Cadmium, Cr, Mg, Mn, Sb, U and V were different between lateral areas. The different distribution may be related to several exposures during lifetime and/or the shell ossification during growth. Carapace may be a suitable matrix for metal biomonitoring, however, further studies are required to confirm these findings.
Asunto(s)
Exoesqueleto/química , Monitoreo del Ambiente/métodos , Metales/farmacocinética , Tortugas/metabolismo , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Animales , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/análisis , Mar Mediterráneo , Metales/análisis , Distribución Tisular , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/farmacocinéticaRESUMEN
Chemical elements and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are globally present in aquatic systems and their potential transfer to loggerhead marine turtles (Caretta caretta) has become a serious threat for their health status. The environmental fate of these xenobiotics may be traced by the analysis of turtles' tissues and blood. Generally, loggerhead turtles exhibited a higher metal load than other turtle species, this could be explained by differences in diet habits being food the main source of exposure. Literature shows that muscle, liver and kidney are most considered for the quantification of chemical elements, while, organic compounds are typically investigated in liver and fat. This paper is an overview of the international studies carried out on the quantification of chemical elements, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorines (OCs) and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), in tissues, organs and fluids of C. caretta from the Mediterranean Sea, the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans.