RESUMEN
This review provides a perspective on the industrial application potential of sugar beet pulp (SBP) derived monosaccharides. The broad application of these monosaccharides could contribute to bio-based alternatives and sustainable practices, essential for the transition towards a more circular economy. This review focuses on the utilization and application of two SBP monosaccharides, d-galacturonic acid (d-GalA) and l-arabinose (l-Ara), derived from pectin and hemicellulose. These polysaccharides are major components of sugar beet pulp, an important side stream of sucrose production. d-GalA and l-Ara are therefore abundant in biomass and offer unique molecular structures amenable to selective chemical or enzymatic modifications. We review their application in various industrial applications such as the development and production of bioactive compounds, home and personal care products, and other industries.
RESUMEN
Sialic acid sugars are overexpressed by cancer cells and contribute to the metastatic cascade at multiple levels. Therapeutic interference of sialic acids, however, has been difficult to pursue because of the absence of dedicated tools. Here we show that a rationally designed sialic acid-blocking glycomimetic (P-3F(ax)-Neu5Ac) successfully prevents cancer metastasis. Formulation of P-3F(ax)--Neu5Ac into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles coated with antityrosinase-related protein-1 antibodies allowed targeted delivery of P-3F(ax)--Neu5Ac into melanoma cells, slow release, and long-term sialic acid blockade. Most importantly, intravenous injections of melanoma-targeting P-3F(ax)--Neu5Ac nanoparticles prevented metastasis formation in a murine lung metastasis model. These findings stress the importance of sialoglycans in cancer metastasis and advocate that sialic acid blockade using rationally designed glycomimetics targeted to cancer cells can effectively prevent cancer metastases. This targeting strategy to interfere with sialic acid-dependent processes is broadly applicable not only for different types of cancer but also in infection and inflammation.