The presence of CFH, HTRA1, ARMS2, VEGF-A and VEGF-R and the appearance of age-related macular degeneration sub-types.

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the genetic influence in the onset of the different age-related macular disease (AMD) subtypes by analysing the genotype distribution of CFH, ARMS2, HTRA1, VEGF-A and VEGF-R polymorphisms in patients with neovascular and atrophic AMD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 101 consecutive patients with AMD diagnosis (74 exudative, 27 atrophic) following Wisconsin international classification criteria. The CFH rs1410996, ARMS2 rs10940923, VEGF-A rs833061, rs699947, and VEGF-R rs2071559 polymorphisms were analysed using real time PCR with taqman probes, and HTRA1 rs112000638 using restriction endonucleases digestion. A study was made of the genotype distribution of the different polymorphisms in our group of patients with neovascular AMD and those with the atrophic type, and a comparison was made of the results for each one of the genes studied. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences (P>.05) were found in the genotype distribution of the different polymorphisms between patients with neovascular AMD and patients with atrophic AMD in our population, although the "risk" genotypes tended to appear more frequently in patients with neovascular AMD, despite the lack of statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Allelic variants of CFH, ARMS2, HTRA1, VEGF-A or VEGF-R genes are not associated with the different AMD subtypes. This suggests that, although the polymorphisms seem to be associated with the disease susceptibility, they are not involved in the onset of the different clinical variants of AMD. Further studies in different populations, and with a larger cohort of patients, are needed to confirm these results.

Bilateral macular injury caused by a femtosecond laser.

CASE REPORT: We describe the case of a 35-year-old man who arrived in the Emergency Department with bilateral macular injury caused by accidental exposure to an industrial femtosecond laser. DISCUSSION: Workers operating industrial lasers must protect their eyes properly when handling these devices. Otherwise, retina damage may occur which usually is recoverable. However, sometimes this damage causes permanent visual loss.

Influence of CFH, HTRA1 and ARMS2 haplotype polymorphisms in the development of age-related macular disease.

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate genetic influence on the onset of age-related macular disease (AMD), analyzing genotype distribution of haplotypes, including polymorphisms of genes with proved relationships with AMD risk (CFH, ARMS2, HTRA1) in patients with AMD and in healthy people. METHODS: We took 101 consecutive patients with an AMD diagnosis following Wisconsin international classification. For our control group, we took 91 patients without AMD or any significant macular changes. We analyzed CFH rs1410996, ARMS2rs 10940923 polymorphisms using real time PCR with taqman probes, and HTRA1 -625 using restriction endonuclease digestion. We studied haplotypes by simultaneously combining genotypes which, in previous studies, had been shown to have relationship with AMD (CFH, ARMS2, HTRA1) in patients with AMD and healthy people. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant higher proportion of patients with AMD simultaneously expressing CFH GG (rs1410996) and ARMS2 TT (rs10940923) (P=.037; OR: 7.742 [1.010-63.156]); ARMS2 TT (rs10940923) and HTRA1-625 TT (P=.001; OR: 9.006 [2.019-40.168]) and CFH GG (rs1410996), ARMS2 TT (rs1040923) and HTRA1 -625 GG (P=.043; OR: 6.702 [1.003-55.565]) genotypes. CONCLUSIONS: Haplotypes which combine "risk genotypes", demonstrated in previous studies, of our analyzed polymorphisms are more frequent in patients with AMD than in the control group, and they seem to increase the risk of suffering the disease in our population.

[Retinal detachment associated with morning glory syndrome]. / Desprendimiento de retina asociado a síndrome de morning glory.

CASE REPORT: A twenty three year old woman was diagnosed of a morning glory papillary anomaly, then with normal visual acuity (VA). Nine years later, the VA decreased to 0.4, secondary to a serous macular detachment, confirmed by optical coherence tomography (OCT). After treatment with C2F6 gas injection, positioning, and peripapillary laser, the VA improved to 0.7 and the foveolar area reattached. DISCUSSION: The morning glory Syndrome usually has an early diagnosis due to poor visual acuity. Thirty eight percent of the cases have retinal detachment. We show an unusual case of morning glory syndrome with a serous detachment, successfully treated with gas and laser.

Desprendimiento de retina asociado a síndrome de morning glory / Retinal detachment associated with morning glory syndrome

Caso Clínico: Mujer de 23 años con anomalía papilar de morning glory con agudeza visual (AV) de 1. Nueve años después presenta disminución de AV (0,4) por desprendimiento seroso macular confirmado por tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT). Tratado con inyección de gas intraocular C2F6, posicionamiento y láser, conseguimos la desaparición del líquido subretiniano y una AV final de 0,7.DiscusiónEl síndrome de morning glory suele diagnosticarse precozmente debido a la mala AV. Un 38% de los casos presentan desprendimiento de retina. Mostramos un caso inusual de síndrome de morning glory con desprendimiento seroso tratado con éxito mediante gas y láser (AU)

Case report: A twenty three year old woman was diagnosed of a morning glory papillary anomaly, then with normal visual acuity (VA). Nine years later, the VA decreased to 0.4, secondary to a serous macular detachment, confirmed by optical coherence tomography (OCT). After treatment with C2F6 gas injection, positioning, and peripapillary laser, the VA improved to 0.7 and the foveolar area reattached.DiscussionThe morning glory Syndrome usually has an early diagnosis due to poor visual acuity. Thirty eight percent of the cases have retinal detachment. We show an unusual case of morning glory syndrome with a serous detachment, successfully treated with gas and laser (AU)

Relación de la presencia de polimorfismos de CFH, HTRA1, ARMS2,VEGF-A y VEGF-R con la aparición de los subtipos de degeneración macular asociada a la edad / The presence of CFH, HTRA1, ARMS2, VEGF-A and VEGF-R and the appearance of age-related macular degeneration sub-types

OBJETIVO: Demostrar la influencia genética en el desarrollo de los distintos tipos de degeneración macular asociada a la edad (DMAE) analizando las distribuciones genotípicas de polimorfismos de CFH,ARMS2, HTRA1, VEGF-A y VEGF-R en pacientes con DMAE exudativa y DMAE atrófica. MÉTODO: Se toman 101 pacientes diagnosticados de DMAE (74 exudativa y 27 atrófica) según las normas del sistema internacional de clasificación Wisconsin. Analizamos los polimorfismos rs1410996 del genCFH, rs10940923 de ARMA2, rs833061 y rs699947 de VEGF-A y rs2071559 de VEGF-R mediante PCR a tiempo real con sondas Taqman y el HTRA1 rs112000638 mediante digestión con endonucleasas de restricción. Analizamos la distribución genotípica de los distintos polimorfismos en nuestro grupo de pacientes con DMAE exudativa y los que presentan DMAE atrófica y comparamos los resultados para cada uno de los genes a estudio. RESULTADOS: No encontramos diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p > 0,05) en la distribución genotípica de los distintos polimorfismos entre pacientes con DMAE atrófica y pacientes con DMAE exudativa en nuestra población, si bien los genotipos considerados «de riesgo» por otros estudios tienden a aparecer de forma más frecuente en la DMAE exudativa, a pesar de no obtener diferencias significativas. CONCLUSIONES: Las variantes alélicas de los genes CFH, ARMS2, HTRA1, VEGF-A o VEGF-R no se asocian con los diferentes subtipos de DMAE, lo que indica que, aunque parece que están implicados en la susceptibilidad a padecer la enfermedad, no están implicados en el desarrollo de las variantes clínicas en nuestra población. Son necesarios nuevos estudios en diferentes poblaciones y con un mayor tamaño muestral para confirmar estos resultados

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the genetic influence in the onset of the different age-related macular disease (AMD) subtypes by analysing the genotype distribution of CFH, ARMS2, HTRA1, VEGF-A and VEGF-Rpolymorphisms in patients with neovascular and atrophic AMD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 101 consecutive patients with AMD diagnosis (74 exudative, 27 atrophic) following Wisconsin international classification criteria. The CFH rs1410996, ARMS2 rs10940923,VEGF-A rs833061, rs699947, and VEGF-R rs2071559 polymorphisms were analysed using real time PCR with taqman probes, and HTRA1 rs112000638 using restriction endonucleases digestion. A study was made of the genotype distribution of the different polymorphisms in our group of patients with neovascular AMD and those with the atrophic type, and a comparison was made of the results for each one of the genes studied. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences (P>.05) were found in the genotype distribution of the different polymorphisms between patients with neovascular AMD and patients with atrophic AMD in our population, although the 'risk' genotypes tended to appear more frequently in patients with neovascular AMD, despite the lack of statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Allelic variants of CFH, ARMS2, HTRA1, VEGF-A or VEGF-R genes are not associated with the different AMD subtypes. This suggests that, although the polymorphisms seem to be associated with the disease susceptibility, they are not involved in the onset of the different clinical variants of AMD. Further studies in different populations, and with a larger cohort of patients, are needed to confirm these results

Lesión macular bilateral tras la manipulación de un láser femtosegundo / Bilateral macular injury caused by a femtosecond laser

CASO CLÍNICO: Se describe el caso de un varón de 35 años de edad diagnosticado en Urgencias de lesión macular bilateral tras la exposición de forma accidental a la luz de un láser femtosegundo industrial. DISCUSIÓN: Los trabajadores que usan láseres industriales deben proteger sus ojos de forma adecuada cuando manejen estos instrumentos. Si no es así, pueden producirse lesiones en la retina, que aunque se suelen resolver, en ocasiones son causa de pérdida de visión mantenida

CASE REPORT: We describe the case of a 35-year-old man who arrived in the Emergency Department with bilateral macular injury caused by accidental exposure to an industrial femtosecond laser. DISCUSSION: Workers operating industrial lasers must protect their eyes properly when handling these devices. Otherwise, retina damage may occur which usually is recoverable. However, sometimes this damage causes permanent visual loss

Influencia de haplotipos de polimorfismos de CFH, HTRA1 y ARMS2 en la aparición de degeneración macular asociada a la edad / Influence of CFH, HTRA1 and ARMS2 haplotype polymorphisms in the development of age-related macular disease

Propósito: Demostrar la influencia genética en el desarrollo de degeneración macular asociada a la edad (DMAE) analizando las distribuciones genotípicas de haplotipos de polimorfismos de genes con relación demostrada con la aparición de DMAE (CFH, ARMS2, HTRA1) en pacientes con DMAE y personas sanas. Método: Se tomaron 101 pacientes diagnosticados de DMAE (74 exudativa y 27 atrófica) según las normas del sistema internacional de clasificación Wisconsin. Como control se tomaron 91 pacientes sin DMAE ni otras alteraciones maculares. Se analizó el polimorfismo rs 1410996 del gen CFH, el rs 10940923 de ARMS2 mediante PCR a tiempo real con sondas Taqman y el HTRA1 -625 mediante digestión con endonucleasas de restricción .Se estudió la presencia de haplotipos que combinaban los genotipos que habían demostrado aumentar el riesgo de DMAE de los polimorfismos estudiados de CFH, HTRA1 y ARMS2 en estudios previos en nuestro grupo de pacientes y el grupo control. Resultados: Se demostró que es más frecuente en el grupo de pacientes, de forma estadísticamente significativa, la expresión simultánea de los genotipos GG de CFH (rs 1410996) y TT de ARMS2 (rs 10940923) (p=0,037; OR: 7,742 [1,010-63,156]); TT de ARMS2 (rs 10940923) y GG de HTRA1-625 (p=0,001; OR: 9,006 [2,019-40,168]) y GG de CFH (rs1410996), TT de ARMS2 (rs 1040923) y GG de HTRA1 -625 (p=0,043; OR: 6,702 [1,003-55,565]). Conclusiones: La presencia de haplotipos que combinan genotipos, considerados de riesgo en estudios previos, de los polimorfismos analizados es más frecuente en pacientes con DMAE y parece aumentar el riesgo de padecer la enfermedad en nuestra población(AU)

Objective: To demonstrate genetic influence on the onset of age-related macular disease (AMD), analyzing genotype distribution of haplotypes, including polymorphisms of genes with proved relationships with AMD risk (CFH, ARMS2, HTRA1) in patients with AMD and in healthy people. Methods: We took 101 consecutive patients with an AMD diagnosis following Wisconsin international classification. For our control group, we took 91 patients without AMD or any significant macular changes. We analyzed CFH rs 1410996, ARMS2 rs 10940923 polymorphisms using real time PCR with taqman probes, and HTRA1 -625 using restriction endonuclease digestion. We studied haplotypes by simultaneously combining genotypes which, in previous studies, had been shown to have relationship with AMD (CFH, ARMS2, HTRA1) in patients with AMD and healthy people. Results: There was a statistically significant higher proportion of patients with AMD simultaneously expressing CFH GG (rs 1410996) and ARMS2 TT (rs 10940923) (P=0.037; OR: 7.742 [1.010-63.156]); ARMS2 TT (rs 10940923) and HTRA1-625 TT (P=0.001; OR: 9.006 [2.019-40.168]) and CFH GG (rs 1410996), ARMS2 TT (rs 1040923) and HTRA1 -625 GG (P=0.043; OR: 6.702 [1.003-55.565]) genotypes. Conclusions: Haplotypes which combine «risk genotypes», demonstrated in previous studies, of our anlyzed polymorphisms are more frequent in patients with AMD than in the control group, and they seem to increase the risk of suffering the disease in our population(AU)