[MENTAL AND SPEECH DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN LIVING IN ECOLOGICALLY UNFAVOURABLE REGIONS OF GEORGIA].

The ecological condition of different cities and regions in Georgia is variable. The level of anthropogenic contamination with xenobiotics in most of them significantly exceed the normal level. In almost 25% of children residing in Tbilisi, Batumi and Kutaisi the level of xenobiotics varies 5.0-10.0 mkg/dL, 16% of children have higher than 10.0 mkg/dL. We have studied the profile of mental and speech development in children living in abovementioned cities according to the level of Pb in blood. On the basis of representative selection we have studied the level of Pb in the range of 5.0 mkg/dL and 10.0 mkg/dL for two groups of children with normal development: 65.5 months- (I study group) and 89.5 months (II-study group). Control group has no Pb in blood. The situation in family was also considered. Intellectual development was assessed by Wexler verbal and nonverbal subtests, neuropsychological methods by Luria-Kristensen and visual-motor and visual-spatial evidence by WBAVMA. According to results of children from group I living in ecologically unfavourable regions average evidence for mental and speech verbal awareness were within normal range and similar to controls. As for group II the difference from normal age range was not found. The development of awareness of false belief of second order for group-I was significantly delayed which could occur due to pitfalls in cognitive field. The redevelopment of structure of motivated behaviour in children from group-I was significantly restricted compared with group-II and controls.

[NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS OF CHILDREN LIVING IN ECOLOGICALLY AFFECTED REGION OF GEORGIA].

Article discussed the clinical evidence of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) living in different regions with polluted air. We have revealed the correlation between severity of neurological impairment and level of Hg, Pb, Zn and Cu in blood of children of three different age group (2-5y, 6-9 y and 10-13y). According to our results we found correlation between living area and level of xenobiotics and essential microelements. Thus we have concluded that beyond the level of xenobiotics and essential microelements in child's blood their primary and secondary role in the development of neurological disorders in regions of various anthropogenic impact has to be considered.

[MODERN INSUES OF ESSENTIAL TRACE ELEMENTS LEVEL INFLUENCE ON CHILDREN AND ADULTH HEALTH (REVIEW)].

Systematic review article reported that essential trace elements, mainly microelements Copper and Zinc (deficiency and high values concentration disbalance in blood) play significant roles in neurodevelopmental processes and are associated not only with inattention and hyperactivity, impulsivity symptoms among children and adolescents in the most critical active growth and development periods (between 3 and 16 years old). In the same time previous studies have proposed that clinical symptoms are significant associated their levels and positively correlated with cognitive symptomatology as trace bioactive substances. Their functional connectivity is different and is one of the serious problems for clinical pediatric.

[MODERN ASPECTS OF THE EFFECT OF XENOBIO-TICS ON CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS (REVIEW)].

The literature review presents data on the effect of organic and inorganic compounds, the so-called "main" xenobiotics (lead, mercury) on children and adolescents. It is noted that the effect of each heavy metal is different. Therefore, only their total assessment (blood, urine, saliva, hair, biological tissues) makes it possible to determine the level of toxic effects on the child and confirm the clinical decision. "Carrying mercury", in the absence of clinical signs of intoxication, does not always correlate with chronic poisoning. Ranking of clinical syndromes with the level of heavy metals in the body of children, monitoring of cause-and-effect relationships, detection of the prevalence of neurological changes becomes a priority in clinical Pediatrics. At the moment, the effects of heavy metals on the health of children and adolescents are a universal medical category. It forms the strategy of clinical pediatrics and pediatric neurology and a subject of interest for ecologists, toxicologists and sociologists.