A Qualitative Study on Traumatic Experiences of Suicide Survivors.

The suicide of a loved one can be a traumatic experience. The objective of this study was to investigate trauma-related experiences of suicide survivors. This is a qualitative study with people who had recently lost a family member or a close one to suicide, conducted at least two months after the event. Forty-one participants agreed to take part in the study and were interviewed. The interviewees' perception was that suicide brought harm, symptoms, and suffering. Traumatic experiences can begin immediately after the event, with many reporting symptoms lasting many months and persistent impact, both personal and to the family. Postvention models after suicide should incorporate such findings, and investigate trauma consistently.

Case report on the multiple pathways to posttraumatic stress disorder following suicide.

Trauma pathology is not only a sum of risk factors, but emerges as a result of complex causal interaction. The case presented here illustrates the pathway from suicide exposure to the development of fully-fledged treatment-resistant posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), demonstrating how recognized risk factors can act in tandem to generate a difficult to treat syndrome. From a clinical perspective, bottom-up approaches that take into account real coping experiences of people bereaved by suicide are more effective to facilitate recovery and prevent adverse outcomes. Finally, even though treatment is often implemented, the diagnosis can be missed further complicating coping and treatment.

A qualitative study exploring the process of postmortem brain tissue donation after suicide.

Access to postmortem brain tissue can be valuable in refining knowledge on the pathophysiology and genetics of neuropsychiatric disorders. Obtaining postmortem consent for the donation after death by suicide can be difficult, as families may be overwhelmed by a violent and unexpected death. Examining the process of brain donation can inform on how the request can best be conducted. This is a qualitative study with in-depth interviews with forty-one people that were asked to consider brain donation-32 who had consented to donation and 9 who refused it. Data collection and analyses were carried out according to grounded theory. Five key themes emerged from data analysis: the context of the families, the invitation to talk to the research team, the experience with the request protocol, the participants' assessment of the experience, and their participation in the study as an opportunity to heal. The participants indicated that a brain donation request that is respectful and tactful can be made without adding to the family distress brought on by suicide and pondering brain donation was seen as an opportunity to transform the meaning of the death and invest it with a modicum of solace for being able to contribute to research.

Associação entre traumas na infância e a representação de apego parental na vida adulta / Association between Trauma in childhood and an parental attachment representation in adult life

A história pessoal do indivíduo, suas experiências na infância, influenciam e marcam o seu desenvolvimento psicológico. A vivência de traumas na infância é uma das possíveis adversidades que marcam o indivíduo e podem trazer implicações negativas em diversas áreas do seu funcionamento na vida adulta. Os pais apresentam um papel importante na modulação das respostas e funcionamento da criança frente ao trauma. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a relação entre traumas na infância e estilos de apego parental em pacientes que buscam psicoterapia psicodinâmica. Foi realizado um estudo transversal e correlacional com 180 pacientes adultos que iniciaram psicoterapia psicodinâmica entre maio de 2015 e maio de 2016 em um ambulatório de saúde mental. Os resultados apontam que os traumas na infância apresentam correlação significativa com o estilo de apego com os pais. Quanto maior o controle materno e paterno maior o abuso emocional, negligência emocional e trauma total. O cuidado materno e paterno apresentou correlação inversamente proporcional com todas as dimensões do apego. Quanto maior o cuidado materno e paterno menor o abuso emocional, físico, sexual, negligência emocional, física e trauma total. Destacam-se características de controle na relação de apego como pai, no sentido de superproteção, que estão relacionadas a vivência de todos os tipos de trauma na infância.(AU)

The individuals personal history as his or her childhood experiences influences psychological development. The experience of a trauma in childhood is one of the possible adversities that's mark the subject and can have negative implications in various areas of the functioning of the individual in adulthood. Parents play an important role in modulating the childs responses and functioning to trauma. The objective was to evaluate the relationship between childhood trauma and parenting attachment styles in patients seeking psychodynamic psychotherapy. A cross-sectional, correlational study was conducted with 180 adult patients who started psychodynamic psychotherapy between May 2015 and May 2016 at a mental health outpatient clinic. The results indicate that the majority of patients who underwent trauma in childhood are significantly correlated with the type of attachment to parents. The greater the maternal and paternal control, the greater the emotional abuse, emotional neglect and total trauma. Maternal and paternal care showed an inversely proportional correlation with all attachment dimensions. The greater maternal and paternal care, the lower the impact of the emotional, physical, sexual abuse, emotional neglect, physical and total trauma. There are control characteristics in the attachment relationship with the father, in the sense of overprotection, which are related to the experience of all types of trauma in childhood.(AU)

La historia personal del individuo, sus experiencias infantiles, influyen en su desarrollo psicológico. La experiencia del trauma en la infancia es una de las posibles adversidades que marcan al individuo y puede tener implicaciones negativas en varias áreas de su funcionamiento en la vida adulta. Los padres juegan un papel importante en la modulación de las respuestas y el funcionamiento del niño ante el trauma. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la relación entre el trauma infantil y los estilos de apego parental en pacientes que buscan psicoterapia psicodinámica. Se realizó un estudio transversal y correlacional con 180 pacientes adultos que comenzaron la psicoterapia psicodinámica entre mayo de 2015 y mayo de 2016 en una clínica de salud mental. Los resultados muestran que el trauma infantil tiene una correlación significativa con el estilo de apego con los padres. Cuanto mayor es el control materno y paterno, mayor es el abuso emocional, el abandono emocional y el trauma total. La atención materna y paterna mostró una correlación inversamente proporcional con todas las dimensiones del apego. Cuanto mayor es el cuidado materno y paterno, menor es el abuso emocional, físico, sexual, el abandono emocional, físico y el trauma total. Se destacan las características de control en la relación de apego con el padre, en el sentido de sobreprotección, que están relacionadas con la experiencia de todo tipo de trauma en la infancia.(AU)