RESUMEN
Several new C-16 oximino and vinyl derivatives of amphotericin B are described. They are prepared by the reaction of a suitably protected amphotericin B C-16 aldehyde with hydroxylamine derivatives and Wittig reagents, respectively, followed by sequential removal of the protecting groups. The compounds possess potent antifungal activity in vitro, similar to or in some cases superior to that of amphotericin B itself. With the exception of the C-16 (Z)-methoxime, the new derivatives do not show significantly reduced haemolytic activity against mammalian erythrocytes compared with amphotericin B.
Asunto(s)
Anfotericina B/análogos & derivados , Oximas/síntesis química , Compuestos de Vinilo/síntesis química , Anfotericina B/química , Anfotericina B/uso terapéutico , Animales , Eritrocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Caballos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Estructura Molecular , Oximas/química , Oximas/uso terapéutico , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Compuestos de Vinilo/química , Compuestos de Vinilo/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
The role of beta3- and other putative atypical beta-adrenoceptors in human white adipocytes and right atrial appendage has been investigated using CGP 12177 and novel phenylethanolamine and aryloxypropanolamine beta3-adrenoceptor (beta3AR) agonists with varying intrinsic activities and selectivities for human cloned betaAR subtypes. The ability to demonstrate beta1/2AR antagonist-insensitive (beta3 or other atypical betaAR-mediated) responses to CGP 12177 was critically dependent on the albumin batch used to prepare and incubate the adipocytes. Four aryloxypropanolamine selective beta3AR agonists (SB-226552, SB-229432, SB-236923, SB-246982) consistently elicited beta1/2AR antagonist-insensitive lipolysis. However, a phenylethanolamine (SB-220646) that was a selective full beta3AR agonist elicited full lipolytic and inotropic responses that were sensitive to beta1/2AR antagonism, despite it having very low efficacies at cloned beta1- and beta2ARs. A component of the response to another phenylethanolamine selective beta3AR agonist (SB-215691) was insensitive to beta1/2AR antagonism in some experiments. Because no [corrected] novel aryloxypropanolamine had a beta1/2AR antagonist-insensitive inotropic effect, these results establish more firmly that beta3ARs mediate lipolysis in human white adipocytes, and suggest that putative 'beta4ARs' mediate inotropic responses to CGP 12177. The results also illustrate the difficulty of predicting from studies on cloned betaARs which betaARs will mediate responses to agonists in tissues that have a high number of beta1- and beta2ARs or a low number of beta3ARs.