Catalpa bignonioides extract improves exercise performance through regulation of growth and metabolism in skeletal muscles

@#Objective: To evaluate the effects of Catalpa bignonioides fruit extract on the promotion of muscle growth and muscular capacity in vitro and in vivo. Methods: Cell viability was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Cell proliferation was assessed using a 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assay kit. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the protein expressions of related factors. The effects of Catalpa bignonioides extract were investigated in mice using the treadmill exhaustion test and whole-limb grip strength assay. Chemical composition analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: Catalpa bignonioides extract increased the proliferation of C2C12 mouse myoblasts by activating the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. It also induced metabolic changes, increasing the number of mitochondria and glucose metabolism by phosphorylating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase. In an in vivo study, the extract-treated mice showed improved motor abilities, such as muscular endurance and grip strength. Additionally, HPLC analysis showed that vanillic acid may be the main component of the Catalpa bignonioides extract that enhanced muscle strength. Conclusions: Catalpa bignonioides improves exercise performance through regulation of growth and metabolism in skeletal muscles, suggesting its potential as an effective natural agent for improving muscular strength.

Isolated Dorsal Dislocation of Intermediate Cuneiform: A Case Report / 대한족부족관절학회지

An isolated dislocation of the intermediate cuneiform bone is a rare midfoot injury. This paper reports a case of a 60 year old man who fell from a height with his foot in the plantar flexed position. An isolated dorsal dislocation of the intermediated cuneiform was confirmed. Good results were obtained after an open reduction and internal fixation with a Lisfranc screw and Kirschner wire.

Management of Acquired Cholesteatoma Associated With Patulous Eustachian Tube and Habitual Sniffing

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of surgical treatment with eustachian tube (ET) catheter insertion in patients with acquired cholesteatoma associated with patulous eustachian tube (PET) and habitual sniffing. METHODS: Nine ears of nine patients (two men and seven women; age, 20 to 65 years; average, 37.9±12.0 years) of acquired cholesteatoma associated with PET and habitual sniffing who underwent cholesteatoma surgery with simultaneous additional ET catheter insertion were examined in this study. Successful treatment was defined as stoppage of sniffing, a relief of a PET handicap inventory-10 (PHI-10), an improvement of autophony grade and no cholesteatoma recurrence. RESULTS: ET catheter insertion was performed in all ears. Follow-up duration ranged from 16 to 37 months (average, 25.4 months). Cases consisted of nine pars flaccida type (100%). All patients obtained relief from aural symptoms and stopped sniffing. Postoperative PHI-10 scores were significantly lower than preoperative scores (P<0.001). During an average follow-up of 25.4 months, no cholesteatoma recurrence has occurred to date. One patient developed otitis media with effusion (OME) post-catheterization; OME resolved spontaneously without treatment. Four patients had a consecutive ET catheter insertion on the other side to resolve PET-related aural symptoms. CONCLUSION: In case of acquired cholesteatoma with PET and habitual sniffing, ET catheter insertion performed simultaneously with cholesteatoma surgery could help reduce aural symptoms and stop sniffing. Moreover, the procedure might help in preventing cholesteatoma recurrence.

Comparative Analysis of Endonasal Lateral Osteotomy and Percutaneous Lateral Osteotomy in Patients with Deviated Nose / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of percutaneous and endonasal lateral osteotomy for the correction of deviated nose. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Medical records of 60 patients who underwent rhinoplasty to correct deviated nose were reviewed retrospectively. Patients with unilateral osteotomy, revision rhinoplasty, spreader graft, or who had no preoperative or postoperative photos were excluded from the study. The patients were categorized into two groups, which either had C-shaped deviation or I-shaped deviation. Preoperative and postoperative deviation angles were measured and their differences were analyzed according to the approach methods. RESULTS: In the percutaneous approach group, 26 patients had C-shaped deviation and 10 patients had I-shaped deviation, whereas in the endonasal approach group, 17 patients had C-shaped deviation and 7 patients had I-shaped deviation. In the percutaneous approach, the deviation angle was statistically improved in the C-shaped deviation, but in the endonasal approach, it was statistically improved in the C-shaped and I-shaped deviation after surgery. In the C-shaped deviation, the average degrees of improvement of percutaneous and endonasal approach were 5.2°±3.6° and 7.9°±5.3°, respectively, which showed significant difference. However, in the I-shaped deviation, the average degrees of improvement of percutaneous and endonasal approach were 2.9°±1.3° and 2.9°±1.0°, respectively, with no significant difference. CONCLUSION: The improvement of deviation angle following osteotomy may be different according to the approach methods for deviated nose. Endonasal approach was more suitable than percutaneous approach in the correction of I-shaped deviated nose.

Comparative Analysis of Endonasal Lateral Osteotomy and Percutaneous Lateral Osteotomy in Patients with Deviated Nose / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES@#The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of percutaneous and endonasal lateral osteotomy for the correction of deviated nose.SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Medical records of 60 patients who underwent rhinoplasty to correct deviated nose were reviewed retrospectively. Patients with unilateral osteotomy, revision rhinoplasty, spreader graft, or who had no preoperative or postoperative photos were excluded from the study. The patients were categorized into two groups, which either had C-shaped deviation or I-shaped deviation. Preoperative and postoperative deviation angles were measured and their differences were analyzed according to the approach methods.@*RESULTS@#In the percutaneous approach group, 26 patients had C-shaped deviation and 10 patients had I-shaped deviation, whereas in the endonasal approach group, 17 patients had C-shaped deviation and 7 patients had I-shaped deviation. In the percutaneous approach, the deviation angle was statistically improved in the C-shaped deviation, but in the endonasal approach, it was statistically improved in the C-shaped and I-shaped deviation after surgery. In the C-shaped deviation, the average degrees of improvement of percutaneous and endonasal approach were 5.2°±3.6° and 7.9°±5.3°, respectively, which showed significant difference. However, in the I-shaped deviation, the average degrees of improvement of percutaneous and endonasal approach were 2.9°±1.3° and 2.9°±1.0°, respectively, with no significant difference.@*CONCLUSION@#The improvement of deviation angle following osteotomy may be different according to the approach methods for deviated nose. Endonasal approach was more suitable than percutaneous approach in the correction of I-shaped deviated nose.

Sural Nerve Entrapment and Tenosynovitis of Peroneus Longus by Hypertrophied Peroneal Tubercle: A Case Report / 대한족부족관절학회지

A hypertrophied peroneal tubercle can present as a bony prominence at the lateral aspect of the foot and a peroneal tenosynovitis or tear. We report a case of a 52-year-old man complaining of lateral foot tingling pain and numbness. The sural nerve entrapment and peroneus longus tenosynovitis by hypertrophied peroneal tubercle were confirmed. Good results were obtained after excision of the hypertrophied peroneal tubercle and sural nerve release.

Effectiveness of Polyvinyl Acetate Sheeted with Carboxymethyl Cellulose as a Packing Material after Septoplasty

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although polyvinyl acetate (Merocel®) has been widely used as a packing material after septoplasty, removable nasal packing can increase patient discomfort, local pain, and pressure. Furthermore, the removal of nasal packing has been described as the most uncomfortable and distressing feature associated with septoplasty. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of polyvinyl acetate with carboxymethyl cellulose sheet (Rhinocel®) nasal packing on patient subjective symptoms, degree of bleeding, hemostasis, and wound healing following septoplasty. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Forty patients with nasal septum deviation requiring septoplasty were included. Following surgery, one nasal cavity was packed with Rhinocel® and the other one with Merocel®. Patient subjective symptoms while the packing was in situ, hemostatic properties, pain on removal, degree of bleeding on removal, duration of hemostasis after removal, postoperative wound healing, and the cost of the pack were evaluated. RESULTS: Although the two types of packing materials were equally effective in controlling postoperative bleeding after septoplasty, Rhinocel® was significantly more comfortable while in situ and less painful on removal than Merocel®, which was associated with significantly more bleeding on removal and so more time was needed to control hemorrhage. There was no significant difference in postoperative wound healing or pack cost. CONCLUSIONS: The use of Rhinocel® after septoplasty has less discomfort, greater patient satisfaction, and less bleeding on removal with no adverse reactions compared to Merocel® packing. Therefore, Rhinocel® may be a useful packing material after septoplasty.

Macroaggregates in the packed red blood cell unit during transfusion / 대한마취과학회지

No abstract available.

Closely Sequential Carotid Endarterectomies in Patients with Bilateral Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis / 대한혈관외과학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of closely sequential carotid endarterectomies (CEAs) for bilateral internal carotid artery stenosis. METHODS: From September 1995 to December 2011, 953 CEAs were performed for internal carotid artery occlusive disease in Asan Medical Center. Seven hundreds eighty-five patients received unilateral CEA, and 84 patients received bilateral CEAs. Of the 84 patients with bilateral CEAs, 15 who underwent closely sequential CEAs with an intersurgical period of 7 days were included in this study. Retrospectively, surgical outcomes were evaluated and compared, regarding CEA-related parameters, and early and late mortality and morbidity rates between patients with closely sequential bilateral CEAs and unilateral CEA. RESULTS: With this strategy, initial CEA was performed for the symptomatic side in symptomatic patients, or for the higher-grade carotid stenosis in asymptomatic patients. All 15 patients received contralateral CEA 7 days after initial CEA, and sufficient revascularization was obtained in all procedures. With a mean follow-up of 11.7 months, there were no perioperative neurological complications or strokes. During the follow-up period, early and late complications, except for transient cranial nerve injury, occurred without statistically significant difference between unilateral CEA and closely sequential bilateral CEAs. CONCLUSION: Closely sequential bilateral CEAs showed excellent early and late clinical outcomes. Although the number of patients included in the study was few, our results demonstrated that closely sequential bilateral CEAs were safe and effective strategies for bilateral internal carotid artery stenosis. In addition, future clinical studies will be needed, with a greater number of patients.

Total Knee Replacement Arthroplasty with NexGen(R)-LPS: Minimum 5 Year Follow-up Results / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: One hundred and thirty-six patients who underwent total knee replacement arthroplasty (TKRA) with NexGen(R)-LPS were analyzed for the clinical and radiologic results after a minimum follow-up of 5-years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 136 patients (209 knees) who underwent TKRA with NexGen(R)-LPS between August 1998 and February 2005 and had a minimum follow-up of 5 years. We evaluated the range of motion (ROM), American Knee Society knee functional scores, radiographic results and complication rates in the study subjects with an average 8.3 years of follow-up (range: 5-11.5 years). We also compared the results of the degenerative arthritis group (195 knees in 129 patients) with those of the rheumatoid arthritis group (14 knees in 7 patients). RESULTS: The mean ROM increased from 107.3degrees to 122degrees at the final follow-up. The flexion contracture also improved from 8.3degrees to 1.2degrees at final follow-up. The knee score improved from 51 to 94.7 at the final follow-up. The functional score improved from 38 to 84.2 (p0.05). Valgus (alpha), varus (beta), flexion (gamma) and the posterior slope angle (delta) of the tibial components were well maintained both during the immediate postoperative period and at the final follow-up. There was no significant difference in the tibiofemoral angle and alpha, beta, gamma and delta angle (p>0.05) between the degenerative arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis groups. The alignment of the alternative substance was also relatively well maintained. Radiolucent lines were observed in 39 knees (18.7%), and in 42 zones out of 209 knees. The most common site of radiolucent lines was the medial side of the tibia in 21 knees. The overall incidence of radiolucent lines was 15% for the femur, 61% for the tibia and 24% for the patella. There was no statistically significant difference between the presence of radiolucent lines and the clinical results (p>0.05). There was 1 case of revision surgery due to loosening of implants at 8 years after surgery, but no early loosening was observed in the study subjects. Complications were found in 6 patients. Two patients with early postoperative infection were treated with revision surgery. Two patients with acute hematogenous infection 4 years after the initial operation were treated with revision surgery. Two patients with superficial infection were treated with antibiotics and regular dressing. CONCLUSION: The patients treated with the NexGen(R)-LPS TKRA had a decreased level of postoperative pain and an improved knee joint ROM. A lower rate of complications was also found with this type of implant.

Infection of the temporomandibular joint: a report of three cases

An intracapsular and pericapsular infection of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is rare. The invasion of bacteria into the joint space can occur through several routes. Among them, hematogenous spread is most common. This report describes three cases of abscess formation in the TMJ (intracapsular and pericapsular infection). The patients were treated with supportive care and surgical intervention (incision and drainage) under hospitalization, and their symptoms had improved. Pain of the TMJ is a typical symptom of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD). On the other hand, an infection of the TMJ can also cause pain on the affected side, and can be misdiagnosed as routine TMD. Therefore, the possibility of an infection of the TMJ cavity should be considered when treating TMD.

Factors affecting Reduction of Slippage in Posterolateral Fusion for Spondylolytic Spondylolisthesis / 대한척추외과학회지

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to analyze the reduction of spondylolisthesis after postural reduction and pedicle screw instrumentation for low-grade spondylolytic spondylolisthesis, and to determine the factors affecting reduction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty patients (mean age 52.5 years old; range, 30-71 years old), who underwent pedicle screw instrumentation and posterolateral fusion after wide laminectomy and facetectomy, were reviewed. The minimum follow-up period was 2 years. The percentage of slippage was measured on lateral radiographs by the Taillard method. We measured the slip angle, sacral inclination, lumbar lordosis, disc height, and angulation and translation on flexion-extension stress views. These radiological parameters were analyzed statistically for correlation with the reduction of slippage. RESULTS: In these passive reduction surgeries, no forceful reduction was attempted. The average percentage of slippage was 20.6% preoperatively, 13.0% after instrumentation, and 19.5% at the last visit. The reduction of slippage had a correlation with hypermobile angulation on flexion-extension radiographs (p=0.02). There were no significant correlations between the amount of reduction and translation on flexion-extension radiographs (P=0.99), slip angle (P=0.79), disc space height (P=0.6), lumbar lordosis (P=0.68), and sacral inclination (P=0.35). CONCLUSION: Loss of reduction that was achieved by postural reduction with pedicle screw instrumentation for spondylolytic spondylolisthesis occurred at the final follow-up. There was a negative correlation between the reduction of slippage and hypermobile angulation on flexion-extension dynamic radiographs.

Oriental bracket / 대한치과교정학회지

To design the acceptable prejusted bracket for Korean using straight wire appliance, teeth and dental arch of Korean were studied and brackets were made. It was named Oriental Bracket. The results were following. 1. The bracket position for Korean occlusion was obtained. 2. The axial inclinations of each tooth were obtained. 3. The crown torques of each tooth were obtained. 4. The thickness of each tooth was obtained. 5. The bracket (Oriental bracket) was made according to these data.

A roentgenocephalometric study of the children with normal occlusion in Hellman dental age IV A / 대한치과교정학회지

The study was undertaken to establish the cephalometric standard of Hellman dental age IV A group of Korean. The subjects consisted of 40 males and 44 females with normal occlusion and aceptable profile. The results were obtained. 1) The tables of standard deviation from the measurements were obtained. 2) All linear measurement was greater in male than in female. 3) Female had more convex profile than male. 4) Facial convexity, upper and lower lip of esthetic line were gradually decreased with age. 5) Upper incisor was gradually labioversioned with age.

A study of mandibular movements in relation to occlusal type / 대한치과교정학회지

No abstract available.

Review of the Estimation of Individual Identification in Mass Disaster

The individual identification of the human remains is not only essential part of forensic medicine, but also of ethical, legal and humanitarian issue in mass disaster with the steady increase in the number of identification cases involving severely fragmented, burned, decomposed or skeletonized remains in mass disasters, identification can not be made with medical and legal means, finger-prints, medical records, or personal recognition. Especially when commingling of multiple remains has occurred, forensic science teams are finding that successful resolution may often depend upon identification systems involving forensic odontology and DNA fingerprinting for various reasons. We have developed special method, skills, a documented database, and theoretical orientations for the analysis of human remains. But we have experienced difficulties because of the absence of identification system and understanding in this scientific specialty, And so we introduce identification methods and process in mass disaster.

A study on the bracket slot torque degrees in Korean / 대한치과교정학회지

This study was undertaken to determine the adequate bracket slot torque degrees in Korean. The subjects were consisted of plaster casts of 30 male and 30 female. They had acceptable profile, normal occlusion, no loss of tooth and no experience of dental treatment. Labiohngual or buccolingual inclinations of individual tooth were estimated as +, - degrees on the fixed model by use of dental surveyor, contact angle gauge and measuring grid. The following conclusions were obtained 1. Adequate degrees of bracket slot torque in Korean were obtained. 2. The degrees of labiolingual or buccolingual inclination of every tooth were very variable according to the individuals. 3. Almost constant torque degrees were observed on the maxillary buccal segments. 4. Progressive increase in minus torque degrees were observed from the mandibular canines to the 2nd molars.

A study on changes in the form and dimensions of dental arches resulting from orthodontic treatment / 대한치과교정학회지

The purpose of this study was to detect out the changes occured during orthodontic treatment. The sample was consisted of 77 orthodontic patients. For this study 13 linear lengths and arch area were measured in maxilla, mandible respectively and were analyzed statistically. The results were as follows 1. The sequence of changes in the form and dimensions of dental arches following orthodontic treatment was as follows Class I malocclusion, Class III malocclusion, Class II malocclusion. 2. Changes in the form and dimensions of dental arches were greater in extraction cases than those of non-extraction cases. 3. In comparison with maxilla and mandible on the amount of changes following orthodontic treatment in each malocclusion group, significant differences were greatest in class III malocclusion. 4. In comparison with maxilla and mandible on the amount of changes following orthodontic treatment in extraction and non-extraction cases, significant differences were greater in extraction cases than those of non-extraction cases. 5. The amount of changes during orthodontic treatment in extraction and non-extraction cases in male was not different from female's.

Comparison of the dental occlusion of Caucasians and Koreans : Implications for the future of orthodontics / 대한치과교정학회지

No abstract available.

A study on the relationship between tooth size and arch dimension in dental crowding / 대한치과교정학회지

This study was undertaken to examine relationship between tooth size and arch dimension in dental crowding. Two groups of dental casts were selected on the basis of dental crowding. One group, consisting of 51 pairs of dental casts (24 male and 27 female), exhibited remarkable dental crowding. A second group, consisting of 60 pairs of dental casts (30 male and 30 female), exhibited little or no crowding. Mean and standard deviation of the following parameters were used to compare two groups: individual and collective mesiodistal tooth diameters, buccal and lingual arch widths and arch area. The following results were obtained. 1. The crowed group revealed larger tooth size than non crowd group. (p<0.01) 2. The crowded group smaller maxillary dental arch dimension than noncrowded group except lingual arch width at canine region. (p<0.01) 3. The crowded group revealed smaller mandibular dental arch dimension than noncrowded group except lingal arch width at second premolar region in the male and buccal arch width at canine, premolar region in the female. (p<0.01) 4. The crowded group revealed smaller arch area than noncrowded group in the female (p<0.01), but there was no significance in the male.