Brain MRI Findings in Patients in the Intensive Care Unit with COVID-19 Infection.

Online supplemental material is available for this article.

Corrigendum to "WCN23-1242 Genetic interaction between XBP1 and Pkd1 modulates ADPKD progression" [Kidney International Reports Volume 8, Issue 3, Supplement, March 2023, Page S250].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.02.564.].

Fractionated charge variants of biosimilars: A review of separation methods, structural and functional analysis.

The similarity between originator and biosimilar monoclonal antibody candidates are rigorously assessed based on primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary structures, and biological functions. Minor differences in such parameters may alter target-binding, potency, efficacy, or half-life of the molecule. The charge heterogeneity analysis is a prerequisite for all biotherapeutics. Monoclonal antibodies are prone to enzymatic or non-enzymatic structural modifications during or after the production processes, leading to the formation of fragments or aggregates, various glycoforms, oxidized, deamidated, and other degraded residues, reduced Fab region binding activity or altered FcR binding activity. Therefore, the charge variant profiles of the monoclonal antibodies must be regularly and thoroughly evaluated. Comparative structural and functional analysis of physically separated or fractioned charged variants of monoclonal antibodies has gained significant attention in the last few years. The fraction-based charge variant analysis has proved very useful for the biosimilar candidates comprising of unexpected charge isoforms. In this report, the key methods for the physical separation of monoclonal antibody charge variants, structural and functional analyses by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and surface plasmon resonance techniques were reviewed.

Papillary muscle rupture secondary to infective endocarditis.

Rupture of the mitral papillary muscle due to infective endocarditis is a very rare complication. There is no report regarding anterolateral papillary muscle rupture as a complication of infective endocarditis in the literature. We decided to report a case of anterolateral papillary muscle rupture due to infective endocarditis. Our case, which will be discussed later on, differs also in many ways from that in the literature.

Intra-observer and inter-observer reliability of leg circumference measurement among six observers: a single blinded randomized trial.

Hypothesis: Circumference measurement of extremities that was reported to be a reliable method as long as being standardized is commonly used both in clinical and home settings by clinicians or caregivers due to its cheapness and easy use. Objectives: The aims of this study were to determine the inter-observer and intra-observer reliability of manual circumference measurement among different observers and various measurement points. Methods and Results: A total of 58 lower limbs were included in the study. Both lower limbs of each subject were assessed by 6 observers randomly using circumference measurement method from 9 reference points specified with a Leg-O-Meter. All observers performed the measurements and they were blind to each other's measurements. Results: Measurement results from reference points were statistically significant between good to perfect (ICC 0.65-0.99, p<0.001). Interrater reliability of all observers' first and second measurements showed perfect reliability for both measurements (ICC: 0.92-0.99, p<0.001). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the lower extremity manual circumference measurement is a reliable method for clinical practice. Abbreviations: BMI = Body Mass Index, ICC = Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, Metatarsal heads (cA), Ankle-heel (cY), Ankle (cB), Distal beginning point of gastrocnemius (cB1), The widest point for gastrocnemius (cC), Head of fibula (cD), Midline of knee (cE), Midline of thigh (cF), Groin level (cG).