Assessment of clinical outcomes and patient response to gingival depigmentation using a scalpel, ceramic bur, and diode laser 980 nm.

OBJECTIVE: This research compares the clinical outcomes of gingival depigmentation procedures with conventional scalpel, ceramic trimmer bur, and diode laser techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four individuals with physiologic gingival hyperpigmentation received random allocation to one of three treatment groups: scalpel, ceramic bur, or diode laser. Pain score, operation time, bleeding index, degree of epithelialization, wound healing, Dummett-Gupta Oral Pigmentation Index (DOPI), and Takashi Index score changes were all investigated at different time points. RESULTS: At 12-h follow-up, significant variations in pain scores were seen between the laser and scalpel groups (p = 0.003) but not between the laser and ceramic bur groups. The diode laser group completed the procedure significantly quicker than the scalpel and ceramic bur groups (p = 0.004 and p = 0.001, respectively). The ceramic trimmer bur and diode laser groups showed significantly less bleeding tendency than the scalpel group. Wound healing and the degree of epithelialization were similar in all groups. DOPI and Takashi indices significantly decreased compared to baseline in all groups, with no significant difference recorded between all groups. CONCLUSION: While diode lasers are a safe and effective treatment option for gingival hyperpigmentation, providing optimal aesthetics with reduced discomfort to patients, a ceramic trimmer bur can also be used as a simple and affordable alternative to a laser in gingival depigmentation procedures. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Gingival hyperpigmentation is a major aesthetic issue for many individuals. Laser and ceramic trimmer bur treatments produce equivalent aesthetic outcomes for gingival hyperpigmentation.

Comparative evaluation on the effect of different cavity disinfectant nano gels; Chlorohexidine, Propolis, Liquorice versus Diode Laser in terms of composite microleakage (comparative in vitro study).

INTRODUCTION: The application of different cavity disinfectants is an essential step that eliminates bacteria after cavity preparation. However, some of these materials may affect restoration sealing ability. AIM: This study aimed to assess the degree of microleakage at the tooth restoration interface after using different nano prepared cavity disinfectants versus Diode Laser. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three disinfectants were prepared on the nanoscale; Propolis, Liquorice and Chlorhexidine. A total of 40 extracted premolars with standard class V cavities were prepared on the facial surface. Teeth were divided into five groups according to the applied cavity disinfection protocol; no treatment, Chloehexidine, Propolis, Liquorice, and Diode Laser. After application of composite resin restoration, all teeth were subjected to thermocycling, afterwords the degree of microleakage was measured in micrometers. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, followed by Bonferroni's and Tukey's post hoc test. RESULTS: The highest mean microlekage value was recorded in no treatment group, followed by Liquorice, Propolis. While Diode Laser group showed the lowest degree of microleakage. CONCLUSION: Diode Laser cavity disinfectant has no negative effect on the restoration sealing ability. Nano prepared Propolis showed comparative results to nanoChloehexidine as both had low degree of microleakage.

Adipose stem cells as alternatives for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in oral ulcer healing.

[This retracts the article on p. 104 in vol. 5, PMID: 24298363.].

Efficiency of systemic versus intralesional bone marrow-derived stem cells in regeneration of oral mucosa after induction of formocresol induced ulcers in dogs.

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are the key to regenerative wound healing. MSCs have spatial memory and respond to local environment. The goal of this study was to evaluate the use of systemic and intralesional transplantation of BMSCs for regeneration of oral mucosa in an in vivo dog model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Transplantation of undifferentiated green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled autologous BMSCs systemically, submucosally or vehicle (saline) was injected around the chemically induced oral ulcer in each group of 18 adult dogs. The healing process of the ulcer was monitored clinically and histopathologically. Gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and collagen genes was detected in biopsies from all ulcers. One way ANOVA was used to compare between means of the three groups. Results were considered significant at P < 0.05. RESULTS: Flow cytometric analysis of the MSCs at the passage 3 showed that these cells were negative for CD45 (2.39%). They expressed high levels of CD29 (98.34%). Frozen fluorescence microscopy of sections of the cell-treated oral tissue of all groups indicated that the GFP-transduced implanted cells were integrated within the transplanted tissues. The treatment resulted in dramatic wound edge activation and resurfacing of oral mucosa wound. CONCLUSION: Our results revealed that BMSCs may be labeled with (GFP), in order to know the distribution of these cells after administration, and suggest that intralesional administration is an appropriate procedure to achieve acceptable regeneration of the previously injured oral mucosa more than systemic route.

Influence of Autologus Adipose Derived Stem Cells and PRP on Regeneration of Dehiscence-Type Defects in Alveolar Bone: A Comparative Histochemical and Histomorphometric Study in Dogs.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Autogenous bone grafts is considered to be the best choice for reconstructive surgery. Adipose Derived Stromal Cells (ASCs) represents a promising tool for new clinical concepts in supporting cellular therapy. The goal of our study was to investigate bone regeneration following application of autologous ASCs with or without Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) at dehiscence-type defects in alveolar bone in dogs. METHODS AND RESULTS: Standardized buccal dehiscence defects (4× 3×3 mm) were surgically created in eighteen dogs, the defects were grafted with either ASCs -PRP, ASCs alone, or without grafting material. Three months later; a bone core was harvested from grafted and non grafted sites for histological, histochemical and histomorphometric assessment. There was no evidence of inflammation or adverse tissue reaction with either treatment. Defects grafted with ASCs-PRP showed a significantly higher result (p≤ 0.05), with a mean area % of spongy bone and compact bone of (64.96±5.37 and 837.62±24.95), compared to ASCs alone (47.65±1.43 and 661.92±12.65) and without grafting (33.55± 1.74 and 290.85±7.27) respectively. The area % of lamellated bone increased significantly reaching its highest level in group A followed by group B. Also a significant increase in area % of neutral mucopolysaccharides and calcified reactivity of Masson|s Trichrome stain in groups A and B compared to group C was obtained. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that, the addition of PRP to ASCs enhances bone formation after 3 months and may be clinically effective in accelerating postsurgical healing in both periodontal and maxillofacial surgical applications.