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1.
Br J Haematol ; 204(4): 1288-1292, 2024 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38050458

RESUMEN

First-line purine nucleoside analogues (PNAs) in hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) allow deep and long-lasting responses. We retrospectively analysed 53 HCL patients treated frontline with cladribine and assessed for response at 2 and 6 months after treatment to evaluate the kinetics of response. The estimated median progression-free survival was significantly different according to the degree of residual HCL infiltrate detected by immunohistochemistry at the bone marrow biopsy at 2 months (≤5% vs. >5%, 247 vs. 132 months, respectively, p = 0.033), but not at 6 months (p = 0.79). Our data suggest a favourable prognostic impact of early marrow HCL clearance in patients treated with cladribine.


Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos , Leucemia de Células Pilosas , Humanos , Cladribina/uso terapéutico , Leucemia de Células Pilosas/patología , Médula Ósea/patología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia , Factores Inmunológicos/uso terapéutico , Antimetabolitos/uso terapéutico , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico
2.
Ann Neurol ; 91(5): 652-669, 2022 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35226368

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Astrocytes play a significant role in the pathology of multiple sclerosis (MS). Nevertheless, for ethical reasons, most studies in these cells were performed using the Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis model. As there are significant differences between human and mouse cells, we aimed here to better characterize astrocytes from patients with MS (PwMS), focusing mainly on mitochondrial function and cell metabolism. METHODS: We obtained and characterized induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived astrocytes from three PwMS and three unaffected controls, and performed electron microscopy, flow cytometry, cytokine and glutamate measurements, gene expression, in situ respiration, and metabolomics. We validated our findings using a single-nuclei RNA sequencing dataset. RESULTS: We detected several differences in MS astrocytes including: (i) enrichment of genes associated with neurodegeneration, (ii) increased mitochondrial fission, (iii) increased production of superoxide and MS-related proinflammatory chemokines, (iv) impaired uptake and enhanced release of glutamate, (v) increased electron transport capacity and proton leak, in line with the increased oxidative stress, and (vi) a distinct metabolic profile, with a deficiency in amino acid catabolism and increased sphingolipid metabolism, which have already been linked to MS. INTERPRETATION: Here we describe the metabolic profile of iPSC-derived astrocytes from PwMS and validate this model as a very powerful tool to study disease mechanisms and to perform non-invasive drug targeting assays in vitro. Our findings recapitulate several disease features described in patients and provide new mechanistic insights into the metabolic rewiring of astrocytes in MS, which could be targeted in future therapeutic studies. ANN NEUROL 2022;91:652-669.


Asunto(s)
Células Madre Pluripotentes Inducidas , Esclerosis Múltiple , Animales , Astrocitos/metabolismo , Ácido Glutámico/metabolismo , Humanos , Células Madre Pluripotentes Inducidas/metabolismo , Ratones , Mitocondrias/metabolismo , Esclerosis Múltiple/patología
3.
Neurourol Urodyn ; 42(5): 1022-1035, 2023 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36403285

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: To describe the methods for the in-person musculoskeletal (MSK) assessment of the RISE FOR HEALTH (RISE) study, a population-based multicenter prospective cohort study designed to identify factors associated with bladder health (BH) conducted by the Prevention of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Research Consortium (PLUS). METHODS: A subset of RISE participants who express interest in the in-person assessment are screened to ensure eligibility (planned n = 525). Eligible consenting participants are asked to complete a standardized MSK assessment to evaluate core stability (four component core stability test, lumbar spine pain (seated slump test), pelvic girdle pain, (sacroiliac joint, anterior superior iliac spine, pubic symphysis tenderness, and pelvic girdle pain provocation test), hip pain (flexion, abduction, internal rotation and flexion, adduction and external rotation) and pelvic girdle function (active straight leg raise). Participants are also asked to complete the Short Physical Performance Battery to measure balance, gait speed, lower extremity strength, and functional capacity. RESULTS: Detailed online and in-person MSK training sessions led by physical therapy were used to certify research staff at each clinical center before the start of RISE in-person assessments. All evaluators exceeded the pre-specified pass rates. CONCLUSIONS: The RISE in-person MSK assessment will provide further insight into the role of general body MSK health and dysfunction and the spectrum of BH.


Asunto(s)
Dolor de la Región Lumbar , Dolor de Cintura Pélvica , Humanos , Estudios Prospectivos , Articulación Sacroiliaca
4.
J Dairy Sci ; 105(5): 4393-4409, 2022 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35248380

RESUMEN

The present work aimed to investigate the effects of nucleotide oral administration on oxidative stress biomarkers, immune responses, gut morphology, serum biochemical parameters, and growth performance in calves from birth to 25 d of life. A total of 40 male Holstein Friesian calves were randomly divided in 2 groups. All the calves were born and reared on the same commercial dairy farm. They were fed the same colostrum, milk replacer, and calf starter. Five grams/head of an additive were orally administered with a syringe directly in the mouth to calves of the nucleotide group (NG). The additive contained 74.12 g/100 g of nucleic acids from hydrolyzed yeast, and 75.38% was free nucleotide sodium salt. The other group represented the negative control (CG). At 25 d of life all of the calves were slaughtered. Calves supplemented with nucleotides had a higher final live weight and improved average daily gain, which was associated with better efficiency of nutrient use. Oral nucleotide administration did not affect IgG absorption efficiency; however, NG calves showed greater duodenum villi length and higher crypt depth compared with CG. Oral nucleotide administration increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) and the antioxidant capacity [ferric reducing antioxidant power and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) scavenging activity] both in plasma and in liver. An enhanced ability of cells to counter reactive oxygen species- and reactive nitrogen species-mediated damage was also observed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from NG. The findings highlight the effectiveness of oral nucleotide administration, and potentially dietary supplementation of nucleotides, in boosting oxidative and immune status in newborn calves.


Asunto(s)
Alimentación Animal , Nucleótidos , Administración Oral , Alimentación Animal/análisis , Animales , Animales Recién Nacidos , Antioxidantes , Bovinos , Dieta/veterinaria , Suplementos Dietéticos , Inmunidad , Mucosa Intestinal , Leucocitos Mononucleares , Masculino , Estrés Oxidativo , Destete
5.
Acta Neurol Scand ; 141(4): 294-300, 2020 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31782134

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Ischemic stroke is a common cause of morbidity and mortality especially in the increasingly older population. The variability in ischemic stroke subtypes and its risk factors across different populations suggest that more effort is needed to describe the stroke characteristics in order to develop a more tailored management for each population. We aim to describe the demographic characteristics, risk factors, and subtype distribution of subjects with ischemic stroke in the Lebanese population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study based on chart review on patients with ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack at the American University of Beirut Medical center between 2015 and 2017. RESULTS: A total of 284 cases were included with a mean age of 72 years, and 58% male gender. The most commonly identified risk factors were hypertension (77%), dyslipidemia (62%), and diabetes mellitus (42%), while atrial fibrillation was only found in 27% of cases. The cohort distribution according to TOAST classification was as follows: 15% large artery stroke, 31% cardioembolic stroke, 17% small artery stroke, 10% stroke of other determined causes, and 27% stroke of unknown cause. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to address ischemic stroke characteristics in Lebanon.


Asunto(s)
Fibrilación Atrial/epidemiología , Hipertensión/epidemiología , Ataque Isquémico Transitorio/epidemiología , Accidente Cerebrovascular/epidemiología , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Líbano , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Accidente Cerebrovascular/clasificación
7.
J Helminthol ; 91(3): 371-375, 2017 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27126405

RESUMEN

Thorny-headed acanthocephalan worms of the genus Profilicollis are widely distributed in the oceans of the world and present complex life cycles with intermediate and definitive hosts. The genus is still poorly known, with an unstable taxonomy and, for most species, incompletely characterized geographical distributions. In this study, based on molecular and morphological evidence, we report that the species Profilicollis altmani is also distributed along the South American Atlantic coast, using the mole crab Emerita brasiliensis as an intermediate host. As such, our record shows that P. altmani has a Pan-American distribution where five species of Emerita are utilized as intermediate hosts.


Asunto(s)
Acantocéfalos/crecimiento & desarrollo , Anomuros/parasitología , Organismos Acuáticos/parasitología , Filogeografía , Acantocéfalos/anatomía & histología , Acantocéfalos/genética , Américas , Animales , Complejo IV de Transporte de Electrones/genética , Filogenia , Agua de Mar , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Homología de Secuencia
8.
J Helminthol ; 91(5): 589-596, 2017 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27667136

RESUMEN

Resolving complex life cycles of parasites is a major goal of parasitological research. The aim of this study was to analyse the life cycle of two species of the genus Profilicollis, the taxonomy of which is still unstable and life cycles unclear. We extracted individuals of Profilicollis from two species of crustaceans (intermediate hosts) and four species of seagulls (definitive hosts) from sandy-shore and estuarine habitats along the south-east Pacific coast of Chile. Mitochondrial DNA analyses showed that two species of Profilicollis infected intermediate hosts from segregated habitats: while P. altmani larvae infected exclusively molecrabs of the genus Emerita from fully marine habitats, P. antarcticus larvae infected the crab Hemigrapsus crenulatus from estuarine habitats. Moreover, P. altmani completed its life cycle in four seagulls, Chroicocephalus maculipennis, Leucopheus pipixcan, Larus modestus and L. dominicanus, while P. antarcticus, on the other hand, completed its life cycle in the kelp gull L. dominicanus. Accordingly, our results show that two congeneric parasites use different and spatially segregated species as intermediate hosts, and both are capable of infecting one species of definitive hosts. As such, our analyses allow us to shed light on a complex interaction network.


Asunto(s)
Acantocéfalos/clasificación , Acantocéfalos/fisiología , Charadriiformes/parasitología , Crustáceos/parasitología , Estadios del Ciclo de Vida , Filogenia , Acantocéfalos/genética , Acantocéfalos/aislamiento & purificación , Animales , Análisis por Conglomerados , ADN de Helmintos/química , ADN de Helmintos/genética , ADN Mitocondrial/química , ADN Mitocondrial/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN
9.
Geochem Trans ; 17: 3, 2016.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27303211

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The presence of natural and industrial jarosite type-compounds in the environment could have important implications in the mobility of potentially toxic elements such as lead, mercury, arsenic, chromium, among others. Understanding the dissolution reactions of jarosite-type compounds is notably important for an environmental assessment (for water and soil), since some of these elements could either return to the environment or work as temporary deposits of these species, thus would reduce their immediate environmental impact. RESULTS: This work reports the effects of temperature, pH, particle diameter and Cr(VI) content on the initial dissolution rates of K-Cr(VI)-jarosites (KFe3[(SO4)2 - X(CrO4)X](OH)6). Temperature (T) was the variable with the strongest effect, followed by pH in acid/alkaline medium (H3O(+)/OH(-)). It was found that the substitution of CrO4 (2-)in Y-site and the substitution of H3O(+) in M-site do not modify the dissolution rates. The model that describes the dissolution process is the unreacted core kinetic model, with the chemical reaction on the unreacted core surface. The dissolution in acid medium was congruent, while in alkaline media was incongruent. In both reaction media, there is a release of K(+), SO4 (2-) and CrO4 (2-) from the KFe3[(SO4)2 - X(CrO4)X](OH)6 structure, although the latter is rapidly absorbed by the solid residues of Fe(OH)3 in alkaline medium dissolutions. The dissolution of KFe3[(SO4)2 - X(CrO4)X](OH)6 exhibited good stability in a wide range of pH and T conditions corresponding to the calculated parameters of reaction order n, activation energy E A and dissolution rate constants for each kinetic stages of induction and progressive conversion. CONCLUSIONS: The kinetic analysis related to the reaction orders and calculated activation energies confirmed that extreme pH and T conditions are necessary to obtain considerably high dissolution rates. Extreme pH conditions (acidic or alkaline) cause the preferential release of K(+), SO4 (2-) and CrO4 (2-) from the KFe3[(SO4)2 - X(CrO4)X](OH)6 structure, although CrO4 (2-) is quickly adsorbed by Fe(OH)3 solid residues. The precipitation of phases such as KFe3[(SO4)2 - X(CrO4)X](OH)6, and the absorption of Cr(VI) after dissolution can play an important role as retention mechanisms of Cr(VI) in nature.

10.
Nano Lett ; 14(11): 6572-7, 2014 Nov 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25329836

RESUMEN

A novel lithium-oxygen battery exploiting PYR14TFSI-LiTFSI as ionic liquid-based electrolyte medium is reported. The Li/PYR14TFSI-LiTFSI/O2 battery was fully characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, capacity-limited cycling, field emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results of this extensive study demonstrate that this new Li/O2 cell is characterized by a stable electrode-electrolyte interface and a highly reversible charge-discharge cycling behavior. Most remarkably, the charge process (oxygen oxidation reaction) is characterized by a very low overvoltage, enhancing the energy efficiency to 82%, thus, addressing one of the most critical issues preventing the practical application of lithium-oxygen batteries.

12.
Malar J ; 13: 230, 2014 Jun 13.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24927627

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The mechanisms through which infection with Plasmodium spp. result in lung disease are largely unknown. Recently a number of mouse models have been developed to research malaria-associated lung injury but no detailed ultrastructure studies of the disease in its terminal stages in a murine model have yet been published. The goal was to perform an ultrastructural analysis of the lungs of mice that died with malaria-associated acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome to better determine the relevancy of the murine models and investigate the mechanism of disease. METHODS: DBA/2 mice were infected with Plasmodium berghei strain ANKA. Mice had their lungs removed immediately after death, processed using standard methods and viewed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS: Infected red blood cell:endothelium contact, swollen endothelium with distended cytoplasmic extensions and thickening of endothelium basement membrane were observed. Septa were thick and filled with congested capillaries and leukocytes and the alveolar spaces contained blood cells, oedema and cell debris. CONCLUSION: Results show that the lung ultrastructure of P. berghei ANKA-infected mice has similar features to what has been described in post-mortem TEM studies of lungs from individuals infected with Plasmodium falciparum. These data support the use of murine models to study malaria-associated acute lung injury.


Asunto(s)
Lesión Pulmonar Aguda/patología , Pulmón/ultraestructura , Malaria/complicaciones , Síndrome de Dificultad Respiratoria/patología , Animales , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Pulmón/parasitología , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos DBA , Microscopía Electrónica de Transmisión , Plasmodium berghei/crecimiento & desarrollo , Plasmodium falciparum
14.
Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex ; 81(1): 53-72, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38503318

RESUMEN

This work aimed to show which treatments showed efficacy against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); therefore, the results of 37 clinical trials started in 2020 and completed in 2021 are reviewed and discussed here. These were selected from databases, excluding vaccines, computational studies, in silico, in vitro, and those with hyperimmune sera from recovered patients. We found 34 drugs, one vitamin, and one herbal remedy with pharmacological activity against symptomatic COVID-19. They reduced mortality, disease progression, or recovery time. For each treatment, the identifier and type of trial, the severity of the disease, the sponsor, the country where the trial was conducted, and the trial results are presented. The drugs were classified according to their mechanism of action. Several drugs that reduced mortality also reduced inflammation in the most severe cases. These include some that are not considered anti-inflammatory, such as Aviptadil, pyridostigmine bromide, anakinra, imatinib, baricitinib, and bevacizumab, as well as the combination of ivermectin, aspirin, dexamethasone, and enoxaparin. Nigella sativa seeds with honey have also been reported to have therapeutic activity. On the other hand, tofacitinib, novaferon with ritonavir, and lopinavir were also effective, as well as in combination with antiviral therapies such as danoprevir with ritonavir. The natural products colchicine and Vitamin D3 were only effective in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19, as was hydroxychloroquine. Drug repositioning has been the main tool in the search for effective therapies by expanding the pharmacological options available to patients.


El objetivo del presente trabajo fue conocer qué tratamientos mostraron efectividad contra COVID-19, para lo cual se revisan y discuten los resultados de 37 estudios clínicos iniciados durante 2020 y concluidos en 2021. Estos fueron seleccionados de bases de datos, excluyendo vacunas, estudios computacionales, in silico, in vitro y con sueros hiperinmunes de pacientes recuperados. Se documentaron 34 fármacos, una vitamina y un remedio herbolario, con actividad farmacológica ante COVID-19 sintomático. Estos redujeron la mortalidad, el progreso de la enfermedad, o el tiempo de recuperación. Para cada tratamiento se presenta identificador y tipo de estudio, la gravedad de la enfermedad, patrocinador, país donde se realizó, así como sus resultados. Los fármacos se clasificaron de acuerdo con su mecanismo de acción. Varios fármacos que redujeron la mortalidad también disminuyeron la inflamación en los casos más graves. Esto incluyendo algunos no considerados antiinflamatorios, como el aviptadil, el bromuro de piridostigmina, el anakinra, el imatinib, el baricitinib y el bevacizumab, así como la combinación de ivermectina, aspirina, dexametasona y enoxaparina. También se reportaron con actividad terapéutica las semillas de Nigella sativa con miel. Además, resultaron efectivos el tofacitinib, el novaferón con ritonavir y lopinavir, así como los antivirales en terapias combinadas como el danoprevir con ritonavir. Los productos naturales colchicina y vitamina D3, solo tuvieron actividad en los pacientes en estado leve a moderado de la COVID-19, así como la hidroxicloroquina. El reposicionamiento de fármacos fue la principal herramienta para buscar terapias efectivas ampliando las opciones farmacológicas accesibles a los pacientes.


Asunto(s)
Productos Biológicos , COVID-19 , Humanos , Ritonavir/uso terapéutico , Antivirales/uso terapéutico , Antivirales/farmacología , SARS-CoV-2 , Pandemias
15.
Andrology ; 2024 Mar 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38469742

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Severe acute syndrome coronavirus 2 can invade a variety of tissues, including the testis. Even though this virus is scarcely found in human semen polymerase chain reaction tests, autopsy studies confirm the viral presence in all testicular cell types, including spermatozoa and spermatids. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the severe acute syndrome coronavirus 2 is present inside the spermatozoa of negative polymerase chain reaction-infected men up to 3 months after hospital discharge. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 13 confirmed moderate-to-severe COVID-19 patients enrolled 30-90 days after the diagnosis. Semen samples were obtained and examined with real-time polymerase chain reaction for RNA detection and by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: In moderate-to-severe clinical scenarios, we identified the severe acute syndrome coronavirus 2 inside spermatozoa in nine of 13 patients up to 90 days after discharge from the hospital. Moreover, some DNA-based extracellular traps were reported in all studied specimens. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Although severe acute syndrome coronavirus 2 was not present in the infected men's semen, it was intracellularly present in the spermatozoa till 3 months after hospital discharge. The Electron microscopy (EM) findings also suggest that spermatozoa produce nuclear DNA-based extracellular traps, probably in a cell-free DNA-dependent manner, similar to those previously described in the systemic inflammatory response to COVID-19. In moderate-to-severe cases, the blood-testes barrier grants little defence against different pathogenic viruses, including the severe acute syndrome coronavirus 2. The virus could also use the epididymis as a post-testicular route to bind and fuse to the mature spermatozoon and possibly accomplish the reverse transcription of the single-stranded viral RNA into proviral DNA. These mechanisms can elicit extracellular cell-free DNA formation. The potential implications of our findings for assisted conception must be addressed, and the evolutionary history of DNA-based extracellular traps as preserved ammunition in animals' innate defence might improve our understanding of the severe acute syndrome coronavirus 2 pathophysiology in the testis and spermatozoa.

16.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 7835, 2024 04 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38570516

RESUMEN

Cardiovascular risk increases during the aging process in women with atherosclerosis and exercise training is a strategy for management of cardiac risks in at-risk populations. Therefore, the aims of this study were to evaluate: (1) the influence of the aging process on cardiac function, hemodynamics, cardiovascular autonomic modulation, and baroreflex sensitivity in females with atherosclerosis at the onset of reproductive senescence; and (2) the impact of exercise training on age-related dysfunctions in this model. Eighteen Apolipoprotein-E knockout female mice were divided equally into young (Y), middle-aged (MA), and trained middle-aged (MAT). Echocardiographic exams were performed to verify cardiac morphology and function. Cannulation for direct recording of blood pressure and heart rate, and analysis of cardiovascular autonomic modulation, baroreflex sensitivity were performed. The MA had lower cardiac diastolic function (E'/A' ratio), and higher aortic thickness, heart rate and mean arterial pressure, lower heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity compared with Y. There were no differences between Y and MAT in these parameters. Positive correlation coefficients were found between aortic wall thickness with hemodynamics data. The aging process causes a series of deleterious effects such as hemodynamic overload and dysautonomia in female with atherosclerosis. Exercise training was effective in mitigating aged-related dysfunctions.


Asunto(s)
Aterosclerosis , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Autónomo , Sistema Cardiovascular , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Femenino , Ratones , Animales , Anciano , Corazón , Hemodinámica , Presión Sanguínea/fisiología , Frecuencia Cardíaca , Aterosclerosis/terapia
17.
Andrology ; 10(1): 13-23, 2022 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34196475

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Multi-organ damage is a common feature of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, going beyond the initially observed severe pneumonia. Evidence that the testis is also compromised is growing. OBJECTIVE: To describe the pathological findings in testes from fatal cases of COVID-19, including the detection of viral particles and antigens, and inflammatory cell subsets. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Postmortem testicular samples were obtained by percutaneous puncture from 11 deceased men and examined by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for RNA detection and by light and electron microscopy (EM) for SARS-CoV-2. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for the SARS-CoV-2 N-protein and lymphocytic and histiocytic markers was also performed. RESULTS: Eight patients had mild interstitial orchitis, composed mainly of CD68+ and TCD8+ cells. Fibrin thrombi were detected in five cases. All cases presented congestion, interstitial edema, thickening of the tubular basal membrane, decreased Leydig and Sertoli cells with reduced spermatogenesis, and strong expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM) in vessels. IHC detected SARS-Cov-2 antigen in Leydig cells, Sertoli cells, spermatogonia, and fibroblasts in all cases. EM detected viral particles in the cytoplasm of fibroblasts, endothelium, Sertoli and Leydig cells, spermatids, and epithelial cells of the rete testis in four cases, while RT-PCR detected SARS-CoV-2 RNA in three cases. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The COVID-19-associated testicular lesion revealed a combination of orchitis, vascular changes, basal membrane thickening, Leydig and Sertoli cell scarcity, and reduced spermatogenesis associated with SARS-CoV-2 local infection that may impair hormonal function and fertility in men.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19/complicaciones , Orquitis/patología , Orquitis/virología , Testículo/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Autopsia , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , SARS-CoV-2
18.
Cytogenet Genome Res ; 135(2): 126-34, 2011.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21934291

RESUMEN

Deltamys Thomas 1917 is a poorly studied and rarely collected taxon of Akodontini (Sigmodontinae). The single described species, Deltamys kempi (DKE), has a basic karyotype with a diploid number of 2n = 37 in males and 2n = 38 in females, a fundamental number FN = 38 for both sexes, and an X(1)X(1)X(2)X(2)/X(1)X(2)Y sex determination system. Herein, a new allopatric form, Deltamys sp. (DSP), is reported, based on specimens from southern Brazil, with 2n = 40, FN = 40 and XX/XY sex chromosomes. We describe the karyotype and mechanism of chromosomal differentiation between both Deltamys complements. Phylogenetic analyses, based on the complete sequence (1,140 bp) of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene, grouped Deltamys sp. as sister species to D. kempi, with up to 12% genetic divergence between them. The GTG-banding patterns show complete autosomal correspondence between D. kempi and Deltamys sp. and identify a tandem rearrangement involving DSP7, DSP19 and DKE4 that is responsible for the differences in 2n and FN. Chromosome painting with Akodon paranaensis chromosome 21 (a small metacentric akodont marker) paint revealed total homology with the smallest acrocentric Deltamys sp. chromosome, DSP19. This suggests the occurrence of a pericentric inversion or centromeric shift when compared to other akodontines, with a posterior tandem rearrangement giving rise to DKE4. In DKE, large blocks of pericentromeric constitutive heterochromatin are present on the autosomes and the X, and the Y/autosome has an entirely heterochromatic short arm. In DSP, small heterochromatic blocks are observed on autosomes and X, and the Y is a very small, mostly heterochromatic acrocentric. The cytogenetic analyses suggest that the Deltamys sp. karyotype is ancestral, with the derived condition resulting from a tandem fusion (DSP7 + DSP19) and the Y/autosome translocation giving rise to the multiple sex chromosome system. The autosomal rearrangements, the differences in CBG-banding patterns and Ag-NOR localization, as well as the presence of X(1)X(1)X(2)X(2)/X(1)X(2)Y and XX/XY sex determination mechanisms, possibly acting as a reproductive barrier, and the phylogenetic position within the Deltamys genus, with high genetic divergence, call for a taxonomic review of the genus.


Asunto(s)
Cromosomas de los Mamíferos/genética , Citocromos b/genética , Filogenia , Sigmodontinae/genética , Animales , Brasil , Bandeo Cromosómico , Pintura Cromosómica , Diploidia , Evolución Molecular , Femenino , Geografía , Cariotipo , Cariotipificación , Masculino , Cromosomas Sexuales/genética , Sigmodontinae/clasificación , Especificidad de la Especie
19.
G Chir ; 32(1-2): 59-63, 2011.
Artículo en Italiano | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21352712

RESUMEN

Recent studies show that interaction between LN (heterotrimeric protein formed by a3/b3/g2 chains) and cancer cells plays an important role in tumor invasion, also in colorectal cancer. The overall survival was significantly worse in patients with free peritoneal cancer cells(FPTCs): detection of FPTCs after curative surgery is a challenge, because could improve staging and prognosis. Peritoneal citology is the current standard procedure with very low sensivity. We aimed to study the expression of LN5 in the peritoneal lavage of colorectal cancer pts and in controls with semiquantitative reverse trancriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). LN-5 overexpression was evaluated observing PCR- products intensity at electrophoresis: high intensity is correlated to overexpression. Pre and post-operative peritoneal lavages of 30 pts with colorectal cancer (13M;17F), with median age of 69 (58-84), and of 10 controls, were analyzed by conventional cytology and a semiquantitative RT-PCR. No cancer pts showed pre/postoperative negative cytology and did not express LN-5. In cancer pts. cytology was positive in 2 pts in pre/postoperative lavage. LN-5 overexpression was observed in 56,6% preoperatively and in 76,6% postoperatively. LN-5 g 2 chain was most frequent chain. Our study suggests a relationship between LN-5 and FPTCs, as shown by the low expression of lamimine in controls. LN-5 could be a useful marker to identify a subgroup of early-stage patients at increased risk of recurrence; moreover, mortality seems to correlated to LAMB3 chain. The diagnostic accuracy could be improved by using a quantitative RT-PCR or western-blot and detecting serum laminine. Finally, to validate these findings a larger number of pts with follow-up study is required.


Asunto(s)
Moléculas de Adhesión Celular/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorrectales/metabolismo , Laminina/metabolismo , Lavado Peritoneal , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorrectales/cirugía , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Kalinina
20.
J Spinal Cord Med ; 44(6): 1024-1025, 2021 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32496975

RESUMEN

Context: Tethered cord syndrome is a progressive condition usually diagnosed early in life, and leads to a diversity of manifestations including neurologic, urologic, and orthopedic dysfunction.Findings: We report two cases of tethered cord syndrome associated with a unilaterally absent sural sensory response on nerve conduction studies while other causes of this finding being excluded.Conclusion/clinical relevance: We believe that this finding is caused by a selective injury of sensory fibers at the level or distal to the dorsal root ganglia.


Asunto(s)
Defectos del Tubo Neural , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal , Humanos , Conducción Nerviosa/fisiología , Defectos del Tubo Neural/complicaciones , Defectos del Tubo Neural/diagnóstico , Examen Neurológico
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