RESUMEN
We present a computational approach for predicting key properties of organic radical anions, including excited-state lifetimes and redox potentials. The approach shows good agreement with experimental data and has potential for in silico screening to facilitate the rational design of photocatalysts.
RESUMEN
A library of N-thiocarboxyanhydrides (NTAs) derived from natural amino acids with benign byproducts and controlled H2S-release kinetics is reported. Minimal acute in vitro toxicity was observed in multiple cell lines, while longer-term toxicity in cancer cells was observed, with slow-releasing donors exhibiting the greatest cytotoxic effects.
Asunto(s)
Aminoácidos/química , Anhídridos/química , Antineoplásicos/química , Sulfuro de Hidrógeno/química , Bibliotecas de Moléculas Pequeñas/química , Anhídridos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Ensayos de Selección de Medicamentos Antitumorales , Técnicas Electroquímicas , Células HT29 , Humanos , Cinética , Células MCF-7 , Bibliotecas de Moléculas Pequeñas/farmacología , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
Highly fluorinated tetraphenyl borate anions are of importance as weakly coordinating anions in metalorganic reactions. However, at high positive potentials their electrochemical stability in organic solvents is not sufficient. This was investigated by a comprehensive cyclic voltammetry study and can be used synthetically to generate highly fluorinated biphenyls.
RESUMEN
Circulating Vgamma2/Vdelta2(+) T cells, normally constituting 3-6% of all CD3(+) T cells in blood, are severely depleted after HIV infection. The mechanism(s) for Vgamma2/Vdelta2(+) T cell depletion are unknown, partly because these cells are CD4(-) and resistant to HIV infection. To determine whether this cell depletion was general for all Vgamma2(+) cells or specific for an individual subset, we analyzed the Vgamma2 repertoire and found consistent differences between HIV(+) and uninfected control samples. The change in Vgamma2 repertoire was the result of preferentially depleting only those Vgamma2 cells that express the Jgamma1.2 segment. The specific loss of Vgamma2-Jgamma1.2(+) cells was polyclonal, as the Vgamma subset retained normal diversity even after HIV infection, and loss occurred without significant changes in the paired chain (Vdelta2) repertoire, or in the alternate Vdelta1 chain repertoire. Specific depletion of Vgamma2-Jgamma1.2/Vdelta2 T cells is the first evidence of a common, T cell receptor-dependent cell loss in HIV disease and it provides a clear example of bystander cell depletion. Vgamma2-Jgamma1.2/Vdelta2 T cells mediate potent responses to microbial pathogens including HIV, and loss of this subset is an important aspect of AIDS pathogenesis.
Asunto(s)
Genes Codificadores de la Cadena gamma de los Receptores de Linfocito T , Infecciones por VIH/inmunología , VIH/patogenicidad , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfocitos T gamma-delta/metabolismo , Subgrupos de Linfocitos T/inmunología , Clonación Molecular , Regiones Determinantes de Complementariedad/genética , Regiones Determinantes de Complementariedad/metabolismo , Humanos , Recuento de Linfocitos , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfocitos T gamma-delta/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADNRESUMEN
V gamma 9V delta 2 T lymphocytes strongly respond to phosphoantigens from Plasmodium parasites. Thus, we analyzed the changes in V gamma 9V delta 2 T-cell function and repertoire during the paroxysm phase of nonendemic malaria infection. During malaria paroxysm, V gamma 9V delta 2 T cells were early activated but rapidly became anergic and finally loose J gamma 1.2 V gamma 9 complementarity-determining region 3 transcripts.