[A method for diagnosis of early-stage cataract].

The method is based on eye fundus photography using a fundus-camera with a digital camera being built in. With its use, the diagnosis of cataract is based on the instrumental determination of the extent of darkening of the eye fundus shown in the color photograph depending on the degree of opacity the lens through which the eye fundus is photographed. This diagnostic technique rules out visual (by eye) determination of lenticular opacity. Solution of the set technical problem makes it possible to diagnose optically significant cataract and hence to define indications for anticataract surgery.

[A new method for microdrainage using a porous titanium nickelide endoprosthesis in resurgery of uncompensated glaucoma].

Experimental (23 rabbits) and clinical (42 patients with operated glaucoma) studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of a titanium nickelide implant on ocular tissue in modified deep sclerectomy in order to normalize intraocular pressure. Scleral morphological studies in the area of implant placement revealed the formation of a capsule with "fissures" and vessels. Clinically, there was intraocular pressure compensation in 92.8% of the patients operated on.

[Novocaine blockade of the carotid sinus zone in multimodal treatment of optic vascular neuropathies]. / Novokainovaia blokada sinokarotidnoi zony v kompleksnom lechenii opticheskikh sosudistykh neiropatii.

Carotid sinus zone blocking with 2 percent procaine solution was used in multiple-modality treatment of 91 patients with optic vascular neuropathies. Visual function improvement was achieved in 85.1 percent of patients. The effect was the best in the patients with sector vascular papillitis (91.7 percent) and the lowest in sclerotic atrophy of the optic nerve (79.3 percent).

[Thermography in the diagnosis of vascular neuritis of the optic nerve]. / Termografiia v diagnostike sosudistykh nevritov zritel'nogo nerva.

A new method for diagnosing vascular neuritis of optic nerve by means of thermography is proposed. Among 47 patients with diagnosis of optic nerve neuritis of unclear etiology, in 37 of them vascular genesis of the disease was diagnosed. The thermograms have shown appearance of dark "cold" spots and a fall of temperature by 1.0 degrees C and lower in the supraorbital and orbital areas of the affected eye. The method is highly precise (90.27%, sensitive (94.9%) and doesn't require long time.

[The function of the internal carotid artery in patients with vascular optic neuropathies]. / Sostoianie vnutrennei sonnoi arterii u bol'nykh sosudistymi opticheskimi neiropatiiami.

Roentgenographic and angiographic examinations of 140 patients with vascular optic neuropathies have revealed atherosclerotic changes of internal carotid artery in 66.4% and 94.6%, respectively. Stenosis of internal carotid artery was recorded in 85.7%, thrombosis--in 8.9% of cases. In 55.9%, ostium stenosis of internal carotid artery is associated with its pathologic winding and is one of causes of acute disturbances in blood circulation in the optic nerve. Atherosclerotic changes of internal carotid artery are recorded in its extracranial segment in 69.6% of cases.

[The treatment of vascular optic neuropathies]. / K lecheniiu sosudistykh opticheskikh neiropatii.

The paper analyses results after treatment of 280 patients (467 eyes) with different forms of vascular optic neuropathies. Considering the method of treatment, the patients were divided into 5 groups. In group I--only traditional methods of treatment were used; in group II--inhalations of a 5% carbogen, 15 minutes 1-2 times a day, were added; in group III--hyperbaric oxygenation, 6-10 sessions, was added; in group IV--a blockade of sino-carotid zone by a 2% novocaine, 5 ml, 10 days, was added; in group V--a twenty-four-hour intracarotid infusion of medicinal preparation, 5-7 days, was made. The highest improvement of visual functions was recorded in group IV (90.2%), the lowest--in group I (41%). A conclusion is made that it is necessary to create wards of intensive therapy or vascular centers with a specially trained staff and a necessary store of infusional and other medicamentous preparations.