RESUMEN
Coix (Coix lachryma-jobi L.), commonly known as adlay, is a traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. A new water-soluble polysaccharide with anti-diabetic activity was extracted and purified from the adlay seed (PAS). The structure and physicochemical properties of PAS were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Structural analysis indicated that PAS had a porous surface and relatively loose distribution. After intragastric administered PAS for 4â¯weeks, biochemical analysis demonstrated dose dependent anti-diabetic activity. These results showed that PAS decreased blood glucose and insulin levels. In addition, mice fed the PAS showed significantly reduced the plasma levels of amyloid ß42 and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), while the expression of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) was markedly increased. Our study introduced a new polysaccharide PAS with unique anti-diabetic activity, which can be used as a potential dietary supplement or functional food.
Asunto(s)
Coix/química , Hipoglucemiantes/farmacología , Polisacáridos/química , Semillas/química , Péptidos beta-Amiloides/metabolismo , Animales , Glucemia/análisis , Peso Corporal , Péptido 1 Similar al Glucagón/metabolismo , Prueba de Tolerancia a la Glucosa , Hemoglobina Glucada/metabolismo , Insulina/metabolismo , Riñón/enzimología , Hígado/enzimología , Masculino , Medicina Tradicional China , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos ICR , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Fragmentos de Péptidos/metabolismo , Extractos Vegetales/química , Porosidad , Pliegue de Proteína , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismoRESUMEN
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and ß-cell dysfunction. This study aims to examine the effects of polysaccharides from adlay seeds (PAS) on hyperglycemia and gut microbiota in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. The administration of PAS in diabetic mice caused a significant decrease in the glucose level and serum levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Similarly, PAS also showed decreased total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations. Furthermore, a significant increase in the concentrations of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) was observed. Unexpectedly, PAS reduced the concentrations of anti-amyloid beta (Aß1-42) protein. Also, histopathological examination showed that PAS contributed to the reduction of STZ-lesioned pancreatic cells. Metformin treatment significantly reduced the diversity of the gut microbiota, while PAS treatment altered the diversity and composition of the microbiota. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the hypoglycemic effects of PAS in type-2 diabetic mice (T2D) may be associated with the regulation of the intestinal microbiota and its metabolic pathways.