RESUMEN
Our previous research revealed a key microRNA signature that is associated with spaceflight that can be used as a biomarker and to develop countermeasure treatments to mitigate the damage caused by space radiation. Here, we expand on this work to determine the biological factors rescued by the countermeasure treatment. We performed RNA-sequencing and transcriptomic analysis on 3D microvessel cell cultures exposed to simulated deep space radiation (0.5 Gy of Galactic Cosmic Radiation) with and without the antagonists to three microRNAs: miR-16-5p, miR-125b-5p, and let-7a-5p (i.e., antagomirs). Significant reduction of inflammation and DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) activity and rescue of mitochondria functions are observed after antagomir treatment. Using data from astronaut participants in the NASA Twin Study, Inspiration4, and JAXA missions, we reveal the genes and pathways implicated in the action of these antagomirs are altered in humans. Our findings indicate a countermeasure strategy that can potentially be utilized by astronauts in spaceflight missions to mitigate space radiation damage.
Asunto(s)
Astronautas , Radiación Cósmica , MicroARNs , Vuelo Espacial , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Humanos , Radiación Cósmica/efectos adversos , Roturas del ADN de Doble Cadena/efectos de la radiación , Traumatismos por Radiación/genética , Traumatismos por Radiación/prevención & control , Masculino , Mitocondrias/efectos de la radiación , Mitocondrias/metabolismo , Mitocondrias/genética , Femenino , AdultoRESUMEN
This review article describes the significant recent advances in Isoelectric Focusing from the period 2015-2020. The review highlights the principles and common challenges faced in Isoelectric Focusing as well as its applications. This review also details the recent advances in various modes of Isoelectric Focusing in various platforms and future directions for the technique.