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PURPOSE: Plantar fasciitis (PF) is a main source of heel pain, and only about one-third of patients have bilateral symptomatic involvement, although age, body mass index (BMI), and physical activities are known risk factors. The high prevalence of unilateral involvement is poorly understood. We aimed to assess the potential association between PF and the leg length discrepancy (LLD) in unilateral PF. METHODS: A transversal case-control study was conducted from January 2019 to December 2020, including 120 participants allocated to two groups matched by BMI and sex: cases (with a diagnosis of PF; 50 ± 13 years) and control (without foot pain; 40 ± 15 years). For both groups, a difference greater than 0.64 cm in the scanometry determined the criteria for the presence of LLD. RESULTS: The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed an independent association of PF only with age (p < 0.001), and no association with LLD. We did not observe differences in the mean discrepancy (1.37 ± 0.83 cm in the PF group in comparison with 1.13 ± 0.37 cm in the control group, [p > 0.05]) or in the prevalence of LLD between groups (48% [n = 29] in the PF group compared with 42% [n = 25] in the control group, [p > 0.05]). In the PF group, 80% of the participants reported unilateral pain. We observed a higher prevalence of pain in the shorter limb (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Age was the only factor associated with the diagnosis of PF when groups were matched by sex and BMI. LLD was not an independent factor associated with the diagnosis of PF. However, when PF is unilateral, the shorter limb is more affected with 70% of prevalence. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, case-control.
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Fascitis Plantar , Humanos , Fascitis Plantar/diagnóstico , Fascitis Plantar/epidemiología , Fascitis Plantar/etiología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Pierna , Dolor , Diferencia de Longitud de las Piernas/epidemiología , Diferencia de Longitud de las Piernas/etiología , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
Exercise is effective for improving the physical and psychological health of breast cancer patients. However, there is still controversy around its role on the immune system. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis is aimed to evaluate the effect of chronic exercise on the number and activity of the immune cells that can contribute to anti-tumor immune responses, such as natural killers (NK) cells, CD + 4, or CD + 8. The main hypothesis of this study was that exercise could improve the immune system or, at least, there will not be a reduction in the number or activity of immune cells because of exercise. The search was conducted in the PubMed and Web of Science databases. Out of 244 studies reviewed, 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. The studies included in the meta-analyses showed mixed results and no significant (p > 0.05) positive or negative effects of exercise interventions in women with breast cancer. Therefore, the current evidence indicates that exercise does not significantly improve or reduce the immune system; thus, the prescription of exercise must not be discouraged due to the effects on the number and activity of immune system cells, but should be recommended due to the well-known benefits in quality of life, physical function or fatigue, and the absence of negative effects on the immune system. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effects according to the type of exercise, the type of cancer, or the timing of the intervention.
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Neoplasias de la Mama , Humanos , Femenino , Neoplasias de la Mama/terapia , Neoplasias de la Mama/psicología , Calidad de Vida , Ejercicio Físico/fisiología , Sobrevivientes , Salud MentalRESUMEN
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of head pre-cooling on the 5-km time-trial performance of amateur runners in the heat. In a counterbalanced design, 15 male amateur runners (22.6 ± 3.5 y; VO2 max in heat 42.3 ± 4.4 mLO2 /kg/min) completed two 5-km time trials performed in the heat (35°C, 50% relative humidity). In one trial (HCOOL), participants underwent 20 min of head cooling in a temperate environment (23°C, 70% relative humidity) prior to exercise. In another trial (CON), exercise was preceded by 20 min of rest under the same temperature conditions. Exercise time was shorter in HCOOL (25 min and 36 s ± 3 min) compared to CON (27 ± 3 min; p = 0.02). Rectal temperature was reduced during the pre-exercise intervention in HCOOL (p < 0.001), but not in CON (p = 0.55). Relative changes in rectal temperature and mean head temperature were lower throughout HCOOL when compared with CON condition (p = 0.005 and p = 0.022, respectively). Mean skin temperature, heart rate, and rating of perceived exertion did not differ between HCOOL and CON conditions throughout exercise (p = 0.20, p = 0.52 and 0.31, respectively). Thermal comfort was lower in HCOOL condition in pre-exercise (p = 0.014) with no differences observed throughout exercise (p = 0.61). 5-km running performance in a hot environment was improved after a 20-min head cooling intervention, suggesting that this method may be practical as pre-cooling strategy and easily administered to both professional and amateur runners alike.
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Rendimiento Atlético/fisiología , Cabeza/fisiología , Calor , Hipotermia Inducida/métodos , Carrera/fisiología , Aclimatación/fisiología , Temperatura Corporal/fisiología , Frío , Agua Potable/administración & dosificación , Frecuencia Cardíaca , Humanos , Humedad , Masculino , Consumo de Oxígeno/fisiología , Esfuerzo Físico/fisiología , Recto/fisiología , Temperatura Cutánea/fisiología , Sudoración/fisiología , Factores de Tiempo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
ABSTRACT: Moraes, RF, Ferreira-Júnior, JB, Marques, VA, Vieira, A, Lira, CAB, Campos, MH, Freitas-Junior, R, Rahal, RMS, Gentil, P, and Vieira, CA. Resistance training, fatigue, quality of life, anxiety in breast cancer survivors. J Strength Cond Res 35(5): 1350-1356, 2021-Resistance training (RT) has shown to be effective in improving fatigue, quality of life (QOL), and anxiety levels among breast cancer survivors (BCS), but there is no consensus as to how this practice should be prescribed for optimal performance. This study analyses the effects of once weekly RT on fatigue, QOL, and anxiety levels among BCS. Randomized controlled trial. Twenty-five BCS (aged 54.6 ± 5.5 years) were randomized into RT or control groups. The RT group performed 8 weeks of RT (once per week). Fatigue was assessed using the Piper Fatigue scale, QOL was assessed using the SF-36, and anxiety was assessed using the STAI State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Resistance training significantly improved the following subscales of SF-36: aspects of physical functioning (+27%, p = 0.027); physical role functioning (+54%, p = 0.008); emotional role functioning (+42%, p = 0.027); and mental health (+16%, p = 0.032). Furthermore, RT improved fatigue levels (-55%, p = 0.001 for general fatigue) and anxiety (anxiety state, -19%, p = 0.012; anxiety trait, -23%, p = 0.001). Resistance training seemed to be a positive nonpharmacological tool for the reduction of fatigue, anxiety, and for improvement of several aspects of QOL in BCS.
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Neoplasias de la Mama , Supervivientes de Cáncer , Entrenamiento de Fuerza , Ansiedad/etiología , Neoplasias de la Mama/complicaciones , Fatiga/etiología , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Calidad de VidaRESUMEN
ABSTRACT: Ferreira-Júnior, JB, Benine, RPC, Chaves, SFN, Borba, DA, Martins-Costa, HC, Freitas, EDS, Bemben, MG, Vieira, CA, and Bottaro, M. Effects of static and dynamic stretching performed before resistance training on muscle adaptations in untrained men. J Strength Cond Res 35(11): 3050-3055, 2021-This study evaluated the effects of dynamic and static stretching (SS) performed before resistance training on biceps femoris hypertrophy and knee flexor strength gains in untrained young men. Forty-five untrained young men (age, 21.2 ± 0.5 years; mass, 72.2 ± 5.6 kg; height, 178 ± 1 cm) were randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 groups: (a) 80 seconds of SS (n = 14); (b) 80 seconds of dynamic stretching (DS, n = 13); or (c) control group (CON, n = 18) in which subjects performed no stretching before exercise. Both SS and DS were performed before resistance exercise. Resistance training consisted of 4 sets of 8-12 repetition maximum of seated leg curl exercise 2 days per week for 8 weeks, with a period of at least 48 hours between sessions. Unilateral biceps femoris muscle thickness (MT) and maximal isometric strength (MIS) of the knee flexors were measured 1 week before training and 1 week after the last training session. There were significant increases in MIS (SS = 13.9 ± 10.3 kgf; DS = 10.2 ± 13.1 kgf; CON = 12.7 ± 7.6 kgf; p < 0.05) and MT (SS = 6.0 ± 3.5 mm; DS = 6.7 ± 4.1 mm; CON = 5.7 ± 3.0 mm; p < 0.05) with no significant differences across groups (p > 0.05). Additionally, all groups demonstrated moderate effect sizes for MIS (1.27-1.4), and DS was the only group that had a large effect size for MT increases (DS = 2.18; SS = 1.35; CON = 0.92). In conclusion, 80 seconds of SS and DS did not induce any additional muscular adaptations to resistance training in untrained young men.
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Músculos Isquiosurales , Ejercicios de Estiramiento Muscular , Entrenamiento de Fuerza , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Fuerza Muscular/fisiología , Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Roller massage has become a popular intervention in sports settings in order to treat muscle soreness and stiffness, as well as improving post-exercise recovery, although there is limited evidence for these assumptions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a single session of roller massage, applied with a controlled force after an exercise-induced muscle damage protocol, on muscle recovery. METHODS: A randomized controlled study was performed using a repeated-measures design. Thirty-six young men completed four sets of six eccentric actions of elbow flexors at 90°/s with a 90s rest interval between sets. Participants were randomly assigned into one of three groups: 1) Roller massage (n = 12), 2) Sham (n = 12), and 3) Control (n = 12). Maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MIVC), delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), range of motion (ROM), and muscle thickness were measured at baseline, and at 24, 48, and 72 h post exercise. RESULTS: There was no significant group by time interaction for MIVC (p = 0.090) and ROM (p = 0.416). Also, although there was a significant group by time interaction for muscle thickness (p = 0.028), post hoc test did not find significant difference between groups (p > 0.05). DOMS was recovered at 72 h for roller massage (p < 0.001) and control (p < 0.001) groups, while the Sham group did not recover from DOMS across 72 h (p < 0.001). There was also no significant difference between groups in DOMS at any time (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A single session of roller massage applied on elbow flexors had no effect on recovery of MIVC, muscle swelling, ROM and DOMS.
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Ferreira, DV, Ferreira-Júnior, JB, Soares, SRS, Cadore, EL, Izquierdo, M, Brown, LE, and Bottaro, M. Chest press exercises with different stability requirements result in similar muscle damage recovery in resistance trained men. J Strength Cond Res 31(1): 71-79, 2017-This study investigated the time course of 96 hours of muscle recovery after 3 different chest press exercises with different stability requirements in resistance-trained men. Twenty-seven men (23.5 ± 3.8 years) were randomly assigned to one of the 3 groups: (a) Smith machine bench press; (b) barbell bench press; or (c) dumbbell bench press. Participants performed 8 sets of 10 repetition maximum with 2 minutes rest between sets. Muscle thickness, peak torque (PT), and soreness were measured pre, post, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after exercise. There were no differences in the time course of PT or muscle thickness values of the pectoralis major (p = 0.98 and p = 0.91, respectively) or elbow extensors (p = 0.07 and p = 0.86, respectively) between groups. Muscle soreness of the pectoralis major was also not different between groups (p > 0.05). However, the Smith machine and barbell groups recovered from triceps brachii muscle soreness by 72 hours after exercise (p > 0.05), whereas the dumbbell group did not present any triceps brachii muscle soreness after exercise (p > 0.05). In conclusion, resistance-trained men experience similar muscle damage recovery after Smith machine, barbell, and dumbbell chest press exercise. However, muscle soreness of the elbow extensors takes a longer time to recover after using a barbell chest press exercise.
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Fuerza Muscular/fisiología , Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Mialgia/fisiopatología , Entrenamiento de Fuerza/métodos , Levantamiento de Peso/fisiología , Adulto , Brazo/fisiología , Atletas , Humanos , Masculino , Músculos Pectorales/fisiología , Descanso/fisiología , Torque , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Castanheira, RPM, Ferreira-Junior, JB, Celes, RS, Rocha-Junior, VA, Cadore, EL, Izquierdo, M, and Bottaro, M. Effects of synergist vs. nonsynergist split resistance training routines on acute neuromuscular performance in resistance-trained men. J Strength Cond Res 31(12): 3482-3488, 2017-The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of synergist (SN) vs. nonsynergist (NS) split resistance training routines on the acute neuromuscular performance of the elbow flexors in resistance-trained men. Fifteen resistance-trained men (age: 23.2 ± 4.0 years, height: 173.0 ± 0.08 cm, and body mass: 78.38 ± 9.31 kg) randomly performed 3 training routines separated by an interval of 7 days: (a) pull-pull exercises (SN), which included 6 sets of 10 repetition maximum (RM) of a seated row exercise followed by 4 sets of 10RM of the preacher biceps curl exercise; (b) push-pull exercises (NS), which included 6 sets of 10RM of the bench press exercise followed by 4 sets of 10RM of the preacher biceps curl exercise; and (c) Control, which included 4 sets of 10RM of the preacher biceps curl exercise. Elbow flexors peak torque, total work, and the amplitude of electromyography signal (EMG root mean square) were measured during the elbow flexor isokinetic exercise. Peak torque was 10.2 and 3.9% higher during Control condition when compared with the SN and NS conditions, respectively (p ≤ 0.05). Peak torque was also 6.0% greater in the NS condition than the SN condition (p ≤ 0.05). Moreover, total work was 5.1% greater in the NS condition than the SN condition. Additionally, EMG findings did not differ among conditions (p > 0.05). In conclusion, a push and pull NS split routine is recommended to maximize elbow flexor training performance (i.e., lower acute loading effect) in trained subjects.
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Fuerza Muscular/fisiología , Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Entrenamiento de Fuerza/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Articulación del Codo/fisiología , Electromiografía , Humanos , Masculino , Torque , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
This study compared the time course of elbow flexor muscle recovery after multi- and single-joint exercises in highly resistance-trained men. Sixteen men (24.5 ± 5.5 years) performed, in a counterbalanced order, 8 sets of 10 repetition maximum (RM) unilateral seated row exercise and 8 sets of 10RM unilateral biceps preacher curl exercise using the contralateral arm. Maximum isometric peak torque (PT) and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) were recorded at baseline (pre), 10 minutes, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after each exercise protocol. There was a significant decrease (p ≤ 0.05) in elbow flexor PT 10 minutes after both the multi- and single-joint exercise sessions. However, PT decrease was greater after single-joint (26.8%) when compared with multi-joint (15.1%) exercise (p ≤ 0.05). In addition, elbow flexor PT was lower (8.4%) than baseline 24 hours after the single-joint exercise (p < 0.01), whereas PT returned to baseline 24 hours after the multi-joint exercise. Compared with baseline, DOMS increased at 24, 48, and 72 hours after single-joint exercise (p ≤ 0.05). However, DOMS returned to baseline levels after 72 hours after multi-joint exercise. In addition, DOMS after single-joint exercise was greater (p ≤ 0.05) than after multi-joint exercise at 24, 48, and 72 hours after exercise. Our data suggest that after a resistance training session, highly resistance-trained men experience dissimilar elbow flexor strength recovery between single-joint and multi-joint exercises. Likewise, elbow flexor DOMS is greater and takes longer to recover after single-joint exercise.
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Músculo Esquelético/lesiones , Recuperación de la Función/fisiología , Entrenamiento de Fuerza/métodos , Adulto , Humanos , Articulaciones/fisiología , Masculino , Fuerza Muscular/fisiología , Mialgia/fisiopatología , Factores de Tiempo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
It has been reported that periodic resistance training (retraining after short-term detraining) could maintain muscle performance. However, the training volume used in previous studies differed between continuous and periodic training groups. This study compared strength gains following 20 sessions of continuous and periodic resistance training programs. 60 healthy, detrained women were randomly assigned into one of two groups: (1) continuous resistance training group or (2) retraining resistance group. The continuous resistance training group performed a non-interrupted resistance training program for 10 wk., while the retraining resistance group trained for 5 wk., detrained 2 wk., and resumed training for 5 wk. All participants performed three sets of 8-12 maximum repetitions of lower- and upper-body exercises two days per week, with at least 48 hr. between sessions. There was no significant difference on knee extensors and elbow flexors peak torque gain between the continuous resistance training group and the retraining resistance group. The results suggest that 2 wk. of detraining does not affect strength gains after a total of 10 wk. in detrained women.
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Fuerza Muscular/fisiología , Entrenamiento de Fuerza/métodos , Adulto , Brasil , Femenino , Humanos , Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Entrenamiento de Fuerza/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to verify the association of the ACTN3-R577X polymorphism with sarcopenia stage, according to the Revised European Consensus on the Definition and Diagnosis of Sarcopenia, in middle-aged and older adults, pre- and post- ST. In the 12-week longitudinal study, 71 middle-aged and older adults were evaluated; the participants were assigned to either control or intervention group. The intervention group underwent progressive ST three times a week. All participants underwent blood collection, DNA extraction, genotyping of the ACTN3-R577X polymorphism, anthropometric evaluations, and diagnostic tests for sarcopenia. The last two tests were repeated after 12 weeks. No association of the ACTN3-R577X polymorphism with sarcopenia stage was observed before and after 12 weeks. However, the intervention group remained non-sarcopenic (n = 25, p <0.05) or achieved changes in sarcopenia stage (from sarcopenic to non-sarcopenic) (n = 13, p <0.05). Our study demonstrates that progressive ST performed regularly can reverse or prevent sarcopenia regardless of genotype for the ACTN3-R577X polymorphism.
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Entrenamiento de Fuerza , Sarcopenia , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Sarcopenia/diagnóstico , Sarcopenia/genética , Estudios Longitudinales , Perfil Genético , Genotipo , Actinina/genéticaRESUMEN
To test if the use of a peaked cap protects children against sun radiation, allowing increased exercise performance, nineteen healthy children (10.3 ± 0.8 years old, 146.2 ± 6.9 cm, 36.8 ± 5.5 kg, 1.2 ± 0.1 m2 and 44.1 ± 2.8 mL.kg-1.min-1) took part in 4 experimental situations: 2 initial familiarization runs and 2 self-paced 6km runs (4 × 1.5 km exercise bouts with 3min rest intervals) one of them wearing a peaked cap (CAP) and another situation without the cap (NOCAP). The CAP and NOCAP situations were randomized. Exercise was performed outdoors 3-7 days apart. Environmental variables were measured every 10min, and physiological variables were measured before and after each run and during the rest intervals. Running velocity did not differ between CAP and NOCAP situations. The mean head temperature was reduced by 1.1 °C in the CAP situation (p < .05). Average skin temperature, mean heart rate, rate of perceived exertion and wet bulb and globe temperature did not differ between CAP and NOCAP. The decrease in the mean head temperature was not sufficient to alter running velocity.
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Ropa de Protección , Carrera/fisiología , Temperatura Cutánea/fisiología , Análisis de Varianza , Brasil , Niño , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/prevención & control , Prueba de Esfuerzo , Femenino , Cabeza , Frecuencia Cardíaca , Trastornos de Estrés por Calor/prevención & control , Calor , Humanos , Masculino , Esfuerzo Físico , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Luz SolarRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To investigate the association between sarcopenia with the number of all-cause mortality, hospitalizations, and cardiovascular diseases in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). METHODS: 247 patients with ESRD (women, n = 97) (66.6 ± 3.53 years) participated in this study. At baseline, all participants were measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and handgrip dynamometer and were prospectively followed up for 5 years. The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People guidelines were utilized for Sarcopenia determination. Cox proportional hazard analysis adjusted for established risk factors was used to quantify the risk between Sarcopenia and all-cause mortality. RESULTS: Sixty-five participants (26%) were determined to have Sarcopenia at baseline and 38 (15%) have died during the follow-up. At baseline, Participants with Sarcopenia had lower body mass index and fat-free mass index. Moreover, through the 5-year follow-up, sarcopenic patients had higher number of cardiovascular disease (56.9% vs. 12.6%) and hospitalizations (93.8% vs. 49.5%) (all P < 0.0001). Sarcopenia was associated with significantly higher risk of mortality, [Hazard ratio = 3.3, (95% CI: 1.6-6.9), P = 0.001]. CONCLUSION: Sarcopenia may be a risk factor for hospitalizations, cardiovascular diseases, and all-cause mortality in patients with ESRD. These results provide support of the relevance in assessing sarcopenia in the clinical practice of chronic kidney disease and how muscle mass and strength may negatively impact the daily life of ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis. Greater efforts at preventing muscle wasting and malfunctioning are needed through the worldwide healthcare system.
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Enfermedades Cardiovasculares , Fallo Renal Crónico , Sarcopenia , Humanos , Femenino , Anciano , Sarcopenia/complicaciones , Sarcopenia/epidemiología , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/complicaciones , Fuerza de la Mano/fisiología , Fallo Renal Crónico/complicaciones , Fallo Renal Crónico/terapia , HospitalizaciónRESUMEN
Millions of people worldwide are infected with COVID-19, and COVID-19 survivors have been found to suffer from functional disabilities and mental disorders such as depression and anxiety. This is a matter of concern because COVID-19 is still not over. Because reinfection is still possible in COVID-19 survivors, decreased physical function and increased stress and anxiety can lower immune function. However, the optimal exercise intensity and volume appear to remain unknown. Therefore, the current systematic review aimed to evaluate the effect of resistance or aerobic exercises in post-COVID-19 patients after hospital discharge. We conducted searches in the Scopus, SciELO, PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. Studies that met the following criteria were included: (i) English language, (ii) patients with COVID-19 involved with resistance or aerobic exercise programs after hospital discharge. Out of 381 studies reviewed, seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Evidence shows that exercise programs composed of resistance exercise (e.g., 1-2 sets of 8-10 repetitions at 30-80% of 1RM) along with aerobic exercise (e.g., 5 to 30 min at moderate intensity) may improve the functional capacity and quality of life (reduce stress and mental disorders) in post-COVID-19 patients. In addition, only one study reported reinfection of three subjects involved with the exercise program, suggesting that exercise programs may be feasible for the rehabilitation of the patients. A meta-analysis was not conducted because the included studies have methodological heterogeneities, and they did not examine a control group. Consequently, the results should be generalized with caution.
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COVID-19 , Ejercicio Físico , Hospitales , Humanos , Calidad de Vida , SARS-CoV-2RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of ACE-I/D polymorphisms on Brazilian football players performance in aerobic capacity, strength and speed tests. METHODS: The participants in this study were 212 Brazilian first division male football players genotyped in DD, ID or II. Genotyping of DNA from leucocytes was performed using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. We evaluated speed using a 30-meter sprint test with speed measured at 10 meters (V10), 20 meters (V20), and 30 meters (V30); muscular strength using counter-movement-jump and squat jump tests; and aerobic endurance using the Yo-Yo endurance test. The athletes were ranked in ascending order according to their performance in each test and divided into quartiles: first quartile (0-25%, weak), second (25-50%, normal), third (50-75%, good), and fourth (75-100%, excellent); these were clustered according to genotype frequency. RESULTS: We identified significant differences in the V20 test values and in the aerobic capacity test. Higher frequencies of the ACE-DD genotype were observed in the excellent performance group in the V20. In the aerobic capacity test, higher frequencies of the ACE-II genotype were observed in excellent and good performance groups. CONCLUSIONS: Players with higher performance in anaerobic and aerobic tests are ACE-DD and ACE-II genotypes, respectively.
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Fútbol Americano , Fútbol , Atletas , Humanos , Masculino , Peptidil-Dipeptidasa A/genética , Polimorfismo GenéticoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Myofascial release (MR) has been widely used in sports and clinical environment. There are studies that have already evaluated the effect of MR on postural control, however, the data found are inconclusive. OBJECTIVES: Investigate the effect of MR on ankle plantar flexor muscles over static postural balance. METHOD: Sixty-five young men were randomized allocated into one of three groups: 1) MR group (n = 25, Myofascial Release); 2) Sham (n = 25, fake intervention); or 3) Control group (n = 15). Both MR and Sham techniques were applied during 5 min in the ankle flexors of each leg. The bipodal static postural balance test was performed before and 2 min post each intervention on a force plate with eyes closed during the test. All subjects performed 3 sets of 30-s with 1 min of rest. Mean values to the center of pressure velocity (COPvel) was used for analysis. RESULTS: The bipodal balance test showed that there was no significant difference between groups (p > 0.05), but there was a significant time effect (p < 0.05). A significant decrease (p < 0.05) in post-test COPvel (cm.s-1) values (sham 4.9 ± 1.2; MR 4.5 ± 0.6; CON 4.22 ± 0.8) was found when compared to values of pre-test (sham 5.3 ± 1.0; MR 5.0 ± 0.8; CON 4.94 ± 1.3) for all groups. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrated that MR performed on ankle flexors did not affect static postural balance in young man. This study is a clinical trial (Register Number: RBR-48k5jm).
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Traumatismos del Tobillo , Tobillo , Articulación del Tobillo , Humanos , Masculino , Terapia de Liberación Miofascial , Equilibrio PosturalRESUMEN
Objective. The measurement of skin temperature using infrared thermography has gained a lot of attention in sport and science since it might be related to the recovery process following high intensity, potentially damaging exercise. This study investigated the time course of the skin temperature response and the muscle recovery status following a resistance training session involving leg press exercise.Approach. Fourteen young male college students (19.9 ± 1.7 years, 176 ± 6 cm, 66.1 ± 7.6 kg, 21.1 ± 1.8 kg.m-2) performed one session involving 10 sets, of 10 repetition maximum each (RM), of unilateral leg press 45° exercise, performed to momentary muscle failure, with 2 min rest between sets. Perceived recovery, mean and maximum thigh skin temperatures, thigh muscle thickness, maximal isometric strength, muscle soreness, and horizontal jump performance were measured pre, 24, 48, and 72 h following exercise.Main results. The exercise protocol resulted in significant reduction in isometric strength, horizontal jump performance, and perceived recovery (p < 0.05). There was also a significant (p < 0.05) increase in muscle thickness and muscle soreness. With exception of jump performance, that recovered at 48 (p > 0.05), recovery parameters did not recover up to 72 h post-exercise (p > 0.05). Surprisingly, skin temperatures were not altered throughout the entire 72 h post-exercise period (p > 0.05). No significant positive correlation was found between skin temperatures and muscle thickness. Additionally, only one out of 16 correlation coefficients showed significant (r = -0.56,p = 0.036) inverse association between skin temperature and isometric strength.Significance. In conclusion, thigh skin temperature remains unaffected up to 72 h following a leg press exercise, and the time course response of thigh skin temperature was not associated with recovery status.
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Entrenamiento de Fuerza , Temperatura Cutánea , Humanos , Pierna , Masculino , Fuerza Muscular , Músculo EsqueléticoRESUMEN
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread to at least 115 countries and caused an alarming number of deaths. The current outbreak has lead authorities from many countries to adopt several protective measures, including lockdown and social distancing. Although being a reasonable measure to counteract the COVID-19 contamination, the restrictive measures have limited individual's ability to perform exercise outdoors or in gyms and similar facilities, thus raising the risks for chronic health conditions related to a sedentary lifestyle. The recent exercise recommendations to counteract the potential deleterious effects of COVID-19-related lockdown have not fully addressed resistance exercise interventions as potential home-based exercise strategies. Additionally, the following questions have been constantly raised: (1) Is training status capable of protecting an individual from COVID-19 infection?; and (2) Can a single endurance or resistance exercise session acutely increase the risks for COVID-19 infection? Therefore, the current mini review aimed to focus on these two concerns, as well as to discuss the potential use of practical blood flow restriction and no load resistance training as possible resistance exercise strategies that could be performed during the current COVID-19 pandemic.
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[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2020.00061.].
RESUMEN
The primary goal of this investigation was to examine the physiological responses of blood flow restriction (BFR) resistance exercise (RE) performed with continuous or intermittent BFR and to compare these results to those from conventional high- and low-load RE without BFR. Fourteen men randomly completed the following experimental trials: (1) low-load RE with continuous BFR (cBFR), (2) low-load RE with intermittent BFR (iBFR), (3) low-load RE without BFR (LI), and (4) conventional high-load RE without BFR (HI). For the cBFR, iBFR, and LI exercise trials, participants performed four sets of 30-15-15-15 repetitions of the bilateral leg press (LP) and knee extension (KE) exercises, at an intensity of 20% of their one-repetition maximum (1-RM), at a 1.5-s contraction speed, and with a 1-min rest period between sets. The only difference between the cBFR and iBFR protocols was that the pressure of the cuffs was released during the rest intervals between sets for the iBFR trial. For the HI trial, participants completed four sets of 10 repetitions of the same exercises, at 70% of 1-RM, with a 1-min rest period between sets, and at the same contraction speed. Muscle activity was assessed during each set using superficial electromyography, as well as changes in blood lactate concentration [La-] from baseline at 5 min post exercise and in muscle swelling and plasma volume (%ΔPV) at 5 and 15 min post exercise. There were no significant differences in muscle activity (p < 0.05) across the cBFR, iBFR, and LI protocols at any time point, whereas they were all significantly lower than HI. There were also no significant (p < 0.05) differences across the three low-load RE conditions for [La-],%ΔPV, or muscle swelling. HI elicited significantly (p < 0.05) greater responses than cBFR, iBFR, and LI for all the physiological markers measured. In conclusion, RE combined with cBFR or iBFR induce the same acute physiological responses. However, the largest physiological responses are observed with HI, probably because of the significantly greater exercise volumes. Therefore, releasing the pressure of the restrictive cuffs during the rest periods between sets will not hinder the acute physiological responses from BFR RE.