RESUMEN
Introduction: Among girls assessed for pubertal precocity, pelvic ultrasound (pUS) may represent a pivotal tool to predict the time expected to elapse between sonographic assessment and the onset of menarche (TUS-M). Accordingly, the present analysis is meant to define the statistical relationship between sonographic parameters and TUS-M, in order to identify the most reliable predictor of the timing of menarche. Methods: Retrospective, multicenter analysis. Girls assessed for sexual precocity and showing sonographic and clinical findings consistent with pubertal onset upon referral were considered eligible. Patients treated with GnRH analogues were excluded and only those who had subsequently achieved complete and spontaneous pubertal attainment and for whom the exact date of menarche was available were included. Overall, we enrolled 184 girls from five tertiary care Italian Centers. Results: The time elapsed (months) between baseline endocrine assessment and spontaneous achievement of menarche showed a negative statistically significant correlation (p<0.0001) with LH (r:-0.61), FSH (r:-0.59), estradiol (r:-0.52) and stimulated LH values (r:-0.58). Among pUS parameters, ovarian volume (r:-0.17 left, -0.30 right) and uterine body-to-cervix ratio (r:-0.18) poorly correlated with TUS-M, while uterine diameters (r:-0.61 longitudinal, -0.64 anteroposterior) and volume (r:-0.70) achieved a highly statistical significance (p<0.0001). Uterine volume (UV) showed a negative logarithmic relationship with TUS-M and represented the most reliable predictor of the timing of menarche in uni- and multivariable analyses (p <0.001). ROC analyses identified the UV thresholds that best predict the onset of menarche within 18, 12 and 6 months, respectively: 3.76, 6.02 and 8.80 ml. Conclusion: The logarithm of UV shows the best statistical performance in predicting the timing of menarche in girls assessed for pubertal precocity. Accordingly, we developed a user-friendly online application that provides clinicians with an estimation of the months expected to elapse before menarche, based on the UV recorded upon pUS.
Asunto(s)
Menarquia , Pubertad Precoz , Ultrasonografía , Útero , Humanos , Femenino , Menarquia/fisiología , Ultrasonografía/métodos , Niño , Estudios Retrospectivos , Pubertad Precoz/diagnóstico por imagen , Útero/diagnóstico por imagen , Pelvis/diagnóstico por imagen , Pubertad/fisiología , Tamaño de los Órganos , AdolescenteRESUMEN
Introdução: o biocampo é um tipo de energia sutil emitido pelos organismos vivos que tem a capacidade de influenciar processos biológicos e a homeostase. O biocampo também pode ser definido como sendo o campo eletromagnético endógeno dos corpos de organismos vivos. Objetivo: determinar o efeito da técnica de imposição de mãos análoga ao toque quântico sobre o crescimento de radículas de sementes de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris) submetidas ao modelo experimental de adoecimento do estresse salino. Método: a amostra de 1600 sementes de feijão foi distribuída equitativamente em quatro grupos: GE1 (sementes expostas ao toque quântico e ao estresse salino), GC1 (sementes submetidas apenas ao estresse salino), GE2 (sementes expostas ao toque quântico, mas não ao estresse salino) e GC2 (sementes não foram submetidas nem ao toque quântico e nem ao estresse salino). Resultado e Discussão: houve diferença significativa entre os comprimentos médios das radículas das sementes dos quatro grupos (ANOVA, F(3, 1303)=255,51, p <0,001). Conclusão: os resultados indicaram que a terapia de biocampo técnica de imposição de mãosanáloga ao toque quântico teve efeito fisiológico significativo sobre o crescimento de radículas de sementes de feijão submetidas ao estresse salino.
Introduction: the biofield is a kind of subtle energy emitted by living organisms that has the ability to influence biological processes and homeostasis. The biofield can also be defined as the endogenous electromagnetic field of the bodies of living organisms. Objective: the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the laying-on of hands technique analogue to the quantum touch on the radicles growth of bean seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris) submitted to salinity stress. Methods: the sample of 1600 bean seeds was distributed equitably in four groups: GE1 (seeds exposed to quantum touch and salinity stress), GC1 (seeds exposed only to salinity stress), GE2 (seeds exposed quantum touch but not to salinity stress) and GC2 (seeds were not exposed to either quantum touch or salinity stress). Results and Discussion: there was a significant difference between the mean radicles lengths of the seeds of the four groups (ANOVA, F(3, 1303)=255,51, p <0,001). Conclusion: the results indicated that the laying-on of hands technique analogue to the quantum touch had a significant physiological effect on the growth of bean seeds radicles exposed to salinity stress.
Asunto(s)
Terapias Complementarias , Campos ElectromagnéticosRESUMEN
Introdução: a literatura tem descrito evidências sólidas de que as terapias de biocampo de imposição de mãos possuem eficácia clínica no tratamento complementar de várias doenças. O teste de germinação de sementes tem sido um método indicado na investigação de efeito fisiológico de terapias de biocampo de imposição de mãos porque possibilita tanto a supressão do efeito placebo quanto o escrupuloso controle das condições experimentais. Objetivo: determinar o índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE) de sementes de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris) tratadas com terapia de biocampo toque quântico. Método: Foi distribuída a amostra de 96 sementes de feijão equitativamente em dois grupos: Experimental (com tratamento de toque quântico durante 10 minutos antes da semeadura em substrato de latossolo vermelho escuro) e Controle (sem tratamento antes da semeadura em substrato de latossolo vermelho escuro). Resultado: não houve diferença significativa entre os IVE das sementes dos grupos Experimental e de Controle. Conclusão: concluiu-se que o toque quântico não teve efeito fisiológico sobre a velocidade de emergência de sementes de feijão. (AU)
Introduction: the literature has described solid evidence that hand-imposing biofields have clinical efficacy in the treatment of several diseases. Seed germination testing has been an indicated method in investigating the physiological effect of hand imposing biofields because it enables both the suppression of the placebo effect and the scrupulous control of experimental conditions. Objective: the purpose of this study was to determine the speed of emergence-index (SEI) of bean seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris) treated with quantum touch biofield therapy. Method: the sample of 96 bean seeds was distributed equitably in two groups: Experimental (with quantum touch treatment for 10 minutes before sowing on dark-red latosol substrate) and Control (without treatment before sowing on dark-red latosol substrate). Results: the results indicated that there was no significant difference between the SEI of the seeds of the Experimental and Control groups. Conclusion: In the present conditions, the quantum touch biofield therapy had no physiological effect on the speed of emergence of bean seeds. (AU)