RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common hospital-acquired infection in intensive care unit (ICU). The aim of the study was to evaluate the follow-up of the guidelines for VAP prevention. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective, observational and multicenter study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: During one year, all patients with mechanical ventilation over 48 hours were included in the CCLIN-Ouest Network. The demographic characteristics of the patients, the use of specific protocol for VAP prevention and the density of incidence of VAP were recorded. The use of a protocol for preventing VAP (absence, incomplete, complete and care bundle (i.e. complete prevention of VAP with weaning mechanical protocol and sedation protocol)) was collected. RESULTS: 26 ICU with 5742 patients were included. Ten ICU (38%; 2595 patients) had no protocol for VAP prevention, eight ICU (31%; 1821 patients) had an incomplete protocol, five ICU (19%; 561 patients) had a complete protocol and three ICU (12%; 765 patients) had a care bundle. The density of incidence of VAP was 14.8 (Interquartile range [IQR]: 10.2-0.1) for no protocol group, 15.6 [IQR: 12.6-6.2] for incomplete protocol group, 11.0 [IQR: 9.1-14.0] for complete protocol group and 12.9 [5-7,7-9,9-12] for care bundle group (P=0.742). CONCLUSIONS: The compliance to prevention of VAP was poor. Proposals for improving practice are discussed.