[Remote signaling of radiation damage to the extracellular space in mice with various levels of genetically determined radio sensitivity].

The search results of "bystander" signals are presented at different model of influence of IR on Balb/c and C57bl/6 mice, characterized by different levels of genetically determined sensitivity to IR influence. We used the following models of IR influence: 1) external gamma-quanta influence from small samples of nuclear fuel from the CNPP 4th power unit modified in the course of the accident in 1986, which are 99% connected with 137Cs, with the total dose of irradiation of about 5.0 Gy for 16 hours and accumulated dose of 0.290 Gy for 231 day of exposure, 2) internal intake of 137Cs with water for 40 days. It is shown that cells of different types (splenocytes, hepatocytes, bone marrow and astroglia cells) irrespective of a model of IR influence produce the factors, which failed to be identified in this research, raising the SSF levels in the DNA of non-irradiated cells. Under conditions of a single exposure to gamma-field external irradiation at a dose of about 5.0 Gy, the intensity of production of "bystander" signals is higher in the mice with the raised level of genetically determined sensitivity to RI (Balb/c). Under the same conditions of gamma-field exposure, induction of additional levels of SSF in the DNA of non-irradiated cells is detected for at least one month after IR exposure. Intraperitoneal injection of melanin in the melanin-glucan complex from fungus F. fomentarius before irradiation exposure promotes an essential decrease in the production of "bystander" signals, testifying in favor of the free radical nature of their certain part.

[Features of behavioral reactions of chronically irradiated mice in the raised crosswise labyrinth with various genetically determined radiosensitivity and possibilities of their modification by the fungal biopolymer complex].

Structural elements of the central nervous system--neurons, along with the higher neuroendocrine structures and the hypothalamus centres, show high sensitivity to a chronic action of low doses of ionizing radiation (IR) in view of their extreme enrichment by phospholipids and intensive supply by oxygen, creating favorable conditions for the development of oxidizing stress. Stressful influences cause negative emotions in the behaviour of animals manifested as fear or uneasiness. The study represents the results of comparative research into the behavioral reactions characterized by uneasiness in the Balb/c and C57bl/6 mice exposed to a chronic irradiation at low doses. The chitin-melanin-glucan complex from fungi Fomes fomentarius (ChMG) was approved as an adaptive agent. It has been shown that under identical conditions, deposition levels of radionuclides 137Cs and 90Sr are raised in mice with IR hypersensitivity--line Balb/c, in comparison with less radio sensitive mice--line C57bl/6. Simultaneously, Balb/c mice were observed to exhibit the signs of a more anxious behaviour in the new environment. Chronic external and internal radiation exposure to rare ionizing radiation at low doses promotes strengthening of anxiety and phobic reactions in mice with IR hypersensitivity. The use of ChMG in animals neutralized the increase in anxiety and phobic reactions after a prolonged irradiation, thus indicating the presence in ChMG of the anxiolitic activity along with the above mentioned powerful radiosorbent, antioxidant, gene protective and immunomodulatory properties.

[Perspective for using chitin drugs in obstetrical practice]. / Perspektivy ispol'zovaniia khitinovykh preparatov v akusherskoi praktike.

The article focuses on structure, physical-and-chemical properties of chitin and glucans. An analysis was performed of experimental and clinical results of treatment with chitin and glucans. Shown in the paper is a high antibacterial activity of the drug mycoton. Its use as a topica or per os results in alleviation of signs of local inflammation, earlier transition of the hydration phase to the dehydration phase, accelaration of the process of tissue regeneration, which fact permits cutting the time of the in-patient's staying in hospital by 3.5 to 5.4 days. On the basis of the abovestated the conclusion has been reached that mycoton is a chitin-containing drug obtained from higher basidial fungi, it can be used as an alternative drug for treating of wound infection in the obstetrician's practice.