[Global funding for papers of excellence on smoking, 2010-2014]. / Anatomía de la financiación mundial de artículos de excelencia en tabaquismo, 2010-2014.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the funding received by papers of excellence on smoking at the global level between 2010 and 2014 through the Web of Science, and to find out if funding is associated with greater impact. METHOD: We searched the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) and the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) through the Web of Science platform on 20 May 2015 (typology consisting of originals and reviews for the period from 2010 to 2014). The search strategy was "smok*" OR "tobac*." To select the papers of excellence, we picked those that had an h index (i.e., number of articles having at least that many citations) from among the papers in the overall sample generated by the strategy. RESULTS: Of the 193 papers of excellence on smoking that were identified, 158 had received funding from 279 different financing institutions that intervened 522 times. The funding came primarily from government agencies, private foundations, and the pharmaceutical industry. Public funding declined and private funding increased over the years included in the analysis. Receipt of funding was not associated with greater impact at a later date. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the papers of excellence on smoking received external funding primarily from government agencies, private foundations, and the pharmaceutical industry. Public funding has decreased, while private funding has increased. Receipt of funding was not associated with greater impact at a later date.

Effects on Health of Passive Smoking and Vape on Terraces in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review.

The health damage caused by passive smoking is well known in closed public spaces such as workplaces, inside homes and restaurants. However, at present, the number of smokers in open public spaces such as terraces has increased and consequently a loss of the quality of the air breathed, increasing the concentration of particles and other contaminating agents, affecting the health of workers and customers, of these spaces. Multiple studies show that high exposure to tobacco smoke in these environments augments the risk of developing cardiorespiratory diseases, especially in the vulnerable population, but also respiratory infections. Tobacco smoke can be an excellent vehicle for transmitting viral particles, favoring coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Es bien conocido el daño sobre la salud que provoca el tabaquismo pasivo en espacios públicos cerrados como los lugares de trabajo, domicilios y restaurantes. No obstante, en la actualidad, el número de fumadores en espacios públicos abiertos como como terrazas ha aumentado y como consecuencia esto ha generado una pérdida de la calidad del aire respirado, incrementándose la concentración de partículas y otros agentes contaminantes, afectando la salud de trabajadores y clientes de estos espacios. Múltiples estudios muestran que la alta exposición al humo del tabaco en estos ambientes aumenta el riesgo de desarrollar enfermedades cardiorrespiratorias, especialmente en la población vulnerable, pero también de infecciones respiratorias. El humo del tabaco puede ser un excelente vehículo de transmisión de partículas virales, favoreciendo enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19).

[Positioning Document of Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) on Tobacco Harm Reduction Strategies]. / Documento de posicionamiento de la Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR) ante las estrategias de reducción del daño del tabaco.

In the last decade, the appearance of electronic cigarettes and new tobacco products (heated tobacco or smokeless tobacco) has generated a growing interest in harm reduction methods that are defined as mechanisms that seek to reduce the harmful consequences of tobacco without give up the pleasant effects of it by replacing it with these new electronic devices. However, these products are addictive and not safe as they contain nicotine. Harm reduction is a false solution as it represents a commercial strategy of the tobacco industry to increase its sales, making it difficult to control smoking, since it keeps smokers from consuming tobacco and prevents them from making serious attempts to quit. In addition, these products are a gateway to adolescents in tobacco.

Clinical Practice Guideline of Spanish Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) on Pharmacological Treatment of Tobacco Dependence 2023

Introduction: There are multiple systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the efficacy and safety of pharmacological treatments against nicotine dependence. However, there are few guidelines to answer frequent questions asked by a clinician treating a smoker. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to facilitate the treatment of tobacco addiction. Material and methods: 12 PICO questions are formulated from a GLOBAL PICO question: “Efficacy and safety of pharmacological treatment of tobacco dependence”. A systematic review was carried out to answer each of the questions and recommendations were made. The GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) system was used to grade the certainty of the estimated effects and the strength of the recommendations. Results: Varenicline, nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), bupropion and cytisine are more effective than placebo. Varenicline and combined nicotine therapy are superior to the other therapies. In smokers with high dependence, a combination of drugs is recommended, being more effective those associations containing varenicline. Other optimization strategies with lower efficacy consist of increasing the doses, the duration, or retreat with varenicline. In specific populations varenicline or NRT is recommended. In hospitalized, the treatment of choice is NRT. In pregnancy it is indicated to prioritize behavioral treatment. The financing of smoking cessation treatments increases the number of smokers who quit smoking. There is no scientific evidence of the efficacy of pharmacological treatment of smoking cessation in adolescents. Conclusions: The answers to the 12 questions allow us to extract recommendations and algorithms for the pharmacological treatment of tobacco dependence. (AU)

Tobacco as a Source of Microplastics. Tobacco and Environment: World No Tobacco Day 2022 / El tabaco como fuente de microplásticos. Tabaco y medioambiente: Día mundial sin tabaco 2022

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¿Salir a fumar fuera de un ambiente cerrado es suficiente para evitar el tabaquismo de segunda y tercera mano? / Is Smoking Outside an Enclosed Space Enough to Prevent Second and Third-Hand Exposure?

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Un chatbot para dejar de fumar. ¿Será el futuro? / Chatbots to stop smoking: is this the future?

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COVID-19 y tabaquismo: revisión sistemática y metaanálisis de la evidencia / COVID-19 and Smoking: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Evidence

OBJETIVO: El objetivo del estudio ha sido responder a las siguientes preguntas: ¿se asocia el consumo de tabaco en pacientes con COVID-19 con una progresión negativa y desenlace adverso de la enfermedad? y, ¿se asocia el consumo de tabaco, actual y pasado a una mayor posibilidad de desarrollar COVID-19? MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó una revisión sistemática (RS) y metaanálisis (MA) de trabajos publicados previamente. La estrategia de búsqueda incluyó todos los descriptores conocidos sobre COVID-19 y tabaco, y se realizó en diferentes bases de datos. Se utilizaron modelos estadísticos adecuados para abordar el tamaño del efecto en un MA: modelo de efectos aleatorios y de efectos fijos. RESULTADOS: Fueron identificados 34 artículos en la RS de los cuales fueron incluidos 19 en el MA. Ser fumador o exfumador se mostró como un factor de riesgo para una peor progresión de la infección por COVID-19 (OR 1,96, IC del 95%, 1,36-2,83) y una mayor probabilidad de presentar una condición más crítica de la infección (OR 1,79, IC del 95%, 1,19-2,70). Como limitaciones del MA encontramos que la mayoría de los estudios analizados eran observacionales con un sesgo de publicación limitado y con 2 estudios discrepantes con el resto, aunque tras retirarlos del MA se mantenía el tabaco como un factor de riesgo de peor evolución. CONCLUSIÓN: El tabaquismo actual y pasado produce una forma clínica más grave de la COVID-19 y lleva con mayor frecuencia a estos pacientes a ingresar en Cuidados Intensivos, sean intubados y mueran

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine if tobacco use in patients with Covid-19 is associated with a negative disease course and adverse outcome, and if smoking, current and past, is associated with a greater possibility of developing COVID-19. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis (MA) of previously published works were performed. The search strategy included all known descriptors for Covid-19 and tobacco and was conducted in different databases. Appropriate statistical models were used to address the effect size in meta-analysis, namely random effects and fixed effects model. RESULTS: Thirty-four articles were identified in the SR of which 19 were included in the MA. Being a smoker or former smoker was shown to be a risk factor for worse progression of Covid-19 infection (OR 1.96, 95% CI, 1.36 - 2.83) and a greater probability of presenting a more critical condition (OR 1.79 95% CI, 1.19 - 2.70). As limitations of the MA, we found that most of the studies analyzed were observational with limited publication bias. Two studies that disagreed with the rest were included, although after withdrawing them from the MA, smoking was maintained as a risk factor for worse progress. CONCLUSION: Current and past smoking produces a more serious clinical form of Covid-19 and more frequently leads to intensive care admission, intubation, and death

Archivos de Bronconeumología: Continue to growth, everyone’s goal / Archivos de Bronconeumologia: seguir creciendo, un objetivo de todos

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Diferencias de género en las publicaciones originales de Archivos de Bronconeumología en el periodo 2001-2018 / Gender Differences in Original Archivos de Bronconeumología Publications, 2001-2018

INTRODUCCIÓN: La desigualdad de género existe en las publicaciones científicas. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la evolución histórica de las diferencias de género y factores asociados a las posiciones de las autorías de los trabajos originales de Archivos de Bronconeumología (AB). MÉTODOS: Estudio bibliométrico de AB en el periodo 2001-2018. Se analizó el género de las autorías en cuatro escenarios: primera firma, última firma, autorías intermedias y mentorizadas. Se realizaron comparaciones por especialidad firmante, financiación recibida, carácter multicéntirico y área temática, entre otras. Se crearon modelos multivariantes ajustados por el porcentaje de médicas colegiadas en el sistema sanitario español para predecir el género femenino de la primera, intermedia y última firma. RESULTADOS: Se analizaron 828 publicaciones, donde las mujeres figuraron como primeras autoras en 286 (34,5%) y como últimas en 169 (20,4%). Se observó un incremento gradual de mujeres como primeras autoras (p = 0,0001), pero no como últimas firmantes (p = 0,570). En general, la media de autoras mujeres aumentó con el tiempo (1,6 ± 1,4 en 2001-2005 a 3,3 ± 2,3 en 2016-2018, p = 0,0001), sin apreciarse diferencias en las medias de hombres. Los modelos multivariantes ajustados reflejaron una relación bidireccional positiva entre la primera autoría y las intermedias, y una asociación negativa entre que el primer autor haya sido español con una última autoría femenina (OR 0,57; IC95% 0,36-0,88, p = 0,012). CONCLUSIONES: Se encontraron diferencias de género en varios aspectos de las autorías de AB, resumidas en una mayor participación de las mujeres como primeras firmantes e intermedias, pero no como últimas autoras

INTRODUCTION: Gender inequality exists in scientific publications. The aim of this study was to determine changing patterns in gender differences and factors associated with the positioning of authors' names in original articles published in Archivos de Bronconeumología (AB). METHODS: We performed a bibliometric study of articles published in AB between 2001 and 2018. Author gender was analysed in four scenarios: first author, last author, middle authors, and mentee authors. Comparisons were made by authors' specialties, funding received, multicentre studies, specialist areas, and others. Multivariate models adjusted for the percentage of registered physicians in the Spanish health system were created to predict the female gender of the first, middle, and last author. RESULTS: A total of 828 publications were analysed in which women appeared as first authors in 286 (34.5%) and last authors in 169 (20.4%). A gradual increase in women as first authors was observed (P = .0001), but not as last authors (P = .570). Overall, the average number of female authors increased over time (from 1.6 ± 1.4 in 2001-2005 to 3.3 ± 2.3 in 2016-2018, P = .0001), with no differences in male averages. The adjusted multivariate models reflected a positive bi-directional relationship between the first author and the middle authors, and a negative association between the first author being Spanish and the last author being female (OR 0.57; 95% CI 0.36-0.88, P = .012). CONCLUSIONS: Gender differences were found in various aspects of authorship in AB, summarized by a greater participation of women as first and intermediate authors, but not as last authors

Errare humanum est, ¡pero afortunado error / Errare Humanum Est, Though a Lucky Mistake, Indeed

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Limitación terapéutica en pacientes ancianos: reflexiones a propósito del COVID-19 / Therapeutic Limitation in Elderly Patients: Reflections Regarding COVID19

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Análisis de las métricas alternativas de Archivos de Bronconeumología durante el periodo 2014-2018 / Altmetrics Analysis of Archivos de Bronconeumología From 2014 to 2018

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las métricas alternativas o altmetrics son todas aquellas mediciones de la producción científica diferentes a los indicadores clásicos y recogen su influencia mediática en redes sociales y canales de difusión similares. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el impacto mediático de Archivos de Bronconeumología en 2 agregadores de altmetrics y de las visitas a su página web. MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional de los artículos originales, de revisión y de consenso de Archivos de Bronconeumología durante el periodo 2014-2018. Se analizaron los agregadores PlumX Metrics y Altmetric, y las visitas a la página web de Archivos de Bronconeumología. Se realizaron 5 comparaciones: por especialidad firmante, por financiación recibida, por número de centros participantes, por tipología documental y por área temática. Como subanálisis, se correlacionaron las altmetrics con las citaciones convencionales. RESULTADOS: Se analizaron 273 publicaciones de las que 186 fueron artículos originales (68,1%). Las publicaciones de Neumología y las de revisión y consenso obtuvieron mayor impacto mediático en los 2 agregadores analizados, así como en las visitas a la página web. El score medio de atención de Altmetric fue de 1,9±4,4 (rango 0-59), por encima del promedio para la antigüedad de la publicación. Se documentó una correlación estadísticamente significativa débil a moderada entre las altmetrics y las citaciones clásicas. CONCLUSIONES: Las publicaciones de revisión, de consenso y las de Neumología tuvieron mayor impacto mediático. El score medio de atención de Altmetric fue superior al promedio en función de la antigüedad de las publicaciones. Se objetivó una correlación débil a moderada de las altmetrics con las citaciones convencionales

INTRODUCTION: Alternative metrics or altmetrics are non-traditional measurements of scientific production that reflect a publication's influence in social networks and similar channels of dissemination. The aim of this study was to analyze the media impact of Archivos de Bronconeumología according to 2 altmetric aggregators and website visits. METHODS: This was an observational study of the original articles and review and consensus articles published in Archivos de Bronconeumología during the period 2014-2018. Data from the PlumX Metrics and Altmetric aggregators and visits to the Archivos de Bronconeumología website were analyzed. Five comparisons were made: by specialty area, by funding received, by number of participating centers, by document type, and by topic. In a subanalysis, altmetrics were correlated with the conventional citation system. RESULTS: We analyzed 273 papers, of which 186 were original articles (68.1%). The papers that achieved greater media impact in the 2 aggregators analyzed, and in terms of website visits, were pulmonology papers and review and consensus articles. The mean Altmetric Attention Score was 1.9±4.4 (range 0-59), which is above average for the date of publication of the paper. A statistically significant weak to moderate correlation was identified between altmetrics and conventional citations. CONCLUSIONS: Review articles, consensus documents, and pulmonology papers had a greater media impact. Mean Altmetric Attention Score was higher than the average based on the date of publication. A weak to moderate correlation between altmetrics and conventional citations was identified

El cigarrillo: dispositivo de ingeniería perfecto, pero no seguro. Es basura / The cigarette: a perfect, but not safe, engineering device. It is garbage

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Relevance of Controling for Confounding in Observational Studies / La importancia de controlar los factores de confusión en los estudios observacionales

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Características de la revista Prevención del Tabaquismo / Characteristics of the Prevención del Tabaquismo journal

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