Organizational Risk Factors for Aircrew Health: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.

Addressing the field of health and safety at work, the primary objective of the present systematic review was to analyze the organizational risk factors for aircrew health according to professional category (flight attendants and pilots/co-pilots) and their consequences. The secondary objective was to identify the countries in which studies were carried out, focusing on the quality of content of the publications. The Medline/Pubmed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched for eligible studies according to PRISMA statements. The risk of bias and the methodological quality of the studies were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and Loney tools. Of the 3230 abstracts of articles screened, 36 studies met the inclusion criteria. Most of the research conducted on risk factors for the work organization of aircrew was carried out in the United States and the European Union and had moderate or low-quality methodology and evidence. However, the findings are homogeneous and allow the most prevalent organizational risk factors for the health of aircrew to be determined, namely, high work demand, long hours, and night work. Consequently, the most pervasive health problems were sleep disturbances, mental health disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, and fatigue. Thus, the regulation of the aircrew profession must prioritize measures that minimize these risk factors to promote better health and sleep for these professionals and, consequently, to provide excellent safety for workers and passengers.

Aircrew Health: A Systematic Review of Physical Agents as Occupational Risk Factors.

The primary objective of this systematic review was to analyze the main physical agents representing risk factors for commercial aircrew, together with their consequences. The secondary objective was to identify the countries in which studies on the topic were conducted, as well as the quality of the publications available. Thirty-five articles, published between 1996 and 2020, were selected for the review, having met all inclusion criteria. The majority of studies were conducted in the United States, Germany, and Finland and had moderate or low methodological quality of evidence. The main risk factors for aircrew identified in publications were exposure to abnormal air pressure, cosmic radiation, noise, and vibrations. Hypobaric pressure was explored in response to demands for studies on this agent, a factor which may lead to otic and ear barotraumas, as well as acceleration of atherosclerosis of the carotid artery. However, there is a dearth of research exploring this phenomenon.

Eqüidade e modelos de saúde: subsídios para discussäo do caso brasileiro / Equity and health models: subsides for the Brazilian case discussion

Os países que procuraram construir um sistema público universalizante de saúde depararam-se com o debate sobre a eqüidade como princípio fundamental de justiça social. Discute esta problemática em suas bases teóricas e apresenta, em grandes traços, as características essenciais do sistema britânico de saúde e o seu rebatimento nesta questäo, visando subsidiar consideraçöes sobre a realidade brasileira

O Banco Mundial e o desenvolvimento municipal / The World Bank and local development

Analisa a atuação do Banco Mundial no campo do desenvolvimento municipal

Fiscalizaçäo do meio ambiente no estado de Säo Paulo / Monitoring and enforcement of environmental policy in the state of Säo Paulo

Analisa aspectos gerenciais dos processos de fiscalizaçäo do meio ambiente no estado de Säo Paulo, observando a atuaçäo governamental em suas diversas agências, áreas de competência, interfaces e conflitos. Apresenta novos atores e alternativas de mudanças de padräo de gestäo do setor público nessa área

A gestäo dos resíduos sólidos em Säo Paulo e o desafio do desenvolvimento sustentável / Waste management in the state of São Paulo and the challenges of sustainable development

Relaciona alguns aspectos da gestão dos resíduos sólidos. Busca dar contribuição ao debate sobre a gestão ambiental. Apresenta as características gerais do assunto e as dimensões técnica, institucional e econômica. Conclui que é premente transformar a concepção de controle ambiental, acentuando a prevenção sem desguarnecer-se da correção, através de uma dinâmica que considere a diversidade de interesses e de visões de mundo na sociedade.