Psychiatric comorbidity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

AIM: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder that women experience during their reproductive years and is associated with many psychiatric disorders. This study sought to determine the existence of psychiatric disorders in women with untreated PCOS. Another objective of the study was to examine whether an association exists between psychiatric disorders, insulin resistance, and body mass index. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Women who met the Rotterdam criteria for PCOS (n = 88) were included. Structured Clinical Interviews for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edn were conducted. After the psychiatric evaluations, blood samples were obtained from the participants. RESULTS: Prevalence for all comorbid psychiatric disorders was 50% (n = 44). The most common psychiatric disorder was major depression (33%), followed by generalized anxiety disorder (13.6%) and binge-eating disorder (6.8%). No significant difference in body mass index and insulin resistance index scores was found between women with and without psychiatric disorders (P > 0.05 for both comparisons). CONCLUSION: A considerable number of women with PCOS experience a psychiatric disorder during their lifetime. Clinicians should be aware that women with PCOS are at a high risk for major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, and binge-eating disorder.

Psychiatric disorders and association with quality of sleep and quality of life in patients with chronic pain: a SCID-based study.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine Axis-I psychiatric disorders in patients with chronic pain (CP) and compare control subjects determined by a structured clinical interview. Another objective of the study was to examine whether there is an association between psychiatric disorders and quality of sleep, quality of life, and demographic and clinical characteristics in patients with CP. DESIGN: The study sample was comprised of 108 patients with CP and 54 control subjects without pain. Psychiatric interviews were conducted with the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV (SCID). Also used were the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Hamilton Depression Inventory, Short Form-36, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). RESULTS: The rate of any Axis-I psychiatric disorder stood at 66.7% (any mood disorder, 50%; any anxiety disorder, 33.3%; any somatoform disorder, 20.4%; any substance use disorder, 16.6%), significantly more common in the patients' group compared with the control group. The most common psychiatric disorder was major depression (49.1%) in subjects with CP. Female gender, numbers of localization, and neck and back localizations were significantly higher in the SCID (+) group than the SCID (-) group. A statistically significant difference was observed between the SCID (+) and SCID (-) groups regarding visual analogue scale, depression and anxiety scores, mental component summary score, and global PSQI scores. CONCLUSION: Results of this study suggest that psychiatric morbidity in patients with CP is frequently seen and may adversely affect quality of sleep and quality of life of the patients. Therefore, the patients with CP should be examined with respect to their mental status.

Are there any differences in psychiatric symptoms and eating attitudes between pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum and healthy pregnant women?

AIM: We aimed to determine the relationship between eating attitudes and psychiatric symptoms in women with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) and to compare these women with healthy control subjects. METHODS: The study sample included 48 women with HG, and the control group had 44 pregnant women. The patients were selected from women with HG hospitalized in the obstetric inpatient clinic. All of the participants were in the first trimester of pregnancy. The participants' sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were recorded in the obstetric clinic. All of the participants completed a Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Eating Attitudes Test (EAT) and Body Image Scale (BIS). RESULTS: Women with HG were more likely to have had a history of HG during their previous pregnancy (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the study and control groups regarding obstetric history. Women with HG were more influenced by food that induced nausea. There was no significant difference between the study and control groups for pre-pregnancy nausea, food craving and the initial BMI (P>0.05). Depression and anxiety scores were significantly higher in women with HG (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the study and control groups for body image score and eating attitude test scores (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: We suggest that HG appears to be associated with depression and anxiety symptoms rather than deterioration of eating attitudes and body image. However, these results should be confirmed by prospective and clinical studies.

Comparison of venlafaxine alone versus venlafaxine plus late partial sleep deprivation therapy combination for major depressive disorder.

Treatment resistance, medication non-adherence, and side effects of pharmacotherapeutics make treatment difficult in major depressive disorder. Sleep deprivation is a fast-acting and tolerable reinforcement treatment method. In this study, we investigated the effects of late partial sleep deprivation (PSD) therapy added to venlafaxine treatment on symptoms of anxiety and depression, sleep quality and treatment process. This study was conducted in a sample of 40 patients who were admitted to our inpatient psychiatric unit with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder. While the venlafaxine (Ven) group received only venlafaxine treatment, the venlafaxine+partial sleep deprivation (Ven+PSD) group underwent late partial sleep deprivation therapy three times in the first week in addition to venlafaxine treatment. The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Beck Depression Inventory, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) were administered to both groups at the baseline and at the end of the 1st, 4th, and 6th weeks and, additionally, Profile of Mood State (POMS) was administered to the Ven+PSD group before and after each PSD. The Ven+PSD group had lower HAM-D and HAM-A scores than the Ven group at the end of the 1st and 6th week. Both anxiety and depression subscale scores on the POMS showed a significant decrease after PSD in the Ven+PSD group. The mean venlafaxine dose (mg/d) was significantly lower in the Ven+PSD group than in the Ven group. Late partial sleep deprivation is a fast-acting and tolerable therapy in major depressive disorder.

Relationships of neutrophil-lymphocyte and platelet-lymphocyte ratios with the severity of major depression.

We aimed to evaluate the neutrophil-lymphocyte (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte (PLR) ratios of inpatients and outpatients suffering from different levels of major depression. In total, 100 inpatients and 60 patients treated at an outpatient clinic were included the study. The presence of mood and anxiety disorders was identified with the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition/Clinical Version, and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was used to assess the severity of major depression (MD). Inpatients and outpatients with MD did not differ in NLR or PLR. The PLRs of patients who had severe major depression with psychotic features were higher than those of patients with other types of depression, but no differences in NLRs were detected across types of depression. The PLRs were higher in patients with severe levels of major depression with psychotic features than in other patients. This parameter may be more predictive than is NLR for assessing the prognosis of major depression.

Do psychiatric disorders continue during pregnancy in women with hyperemesis gravidarum: a prospective study.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine Axis I psychiatric disorders in women with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) and to follow up the course of psychiatric disorder and its association with nausea and vomiting (NV) during pregnancy. METHODS: The study sample was composed of 47 patients with HG. Psychiatric interviews were conducted using the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (SCID-I). Other psychiatric interviews were performed in the second and third trimesters. On each visit, the subjects completed the Beck Depression Inventory and the Beck Anxiety Inventory. RESULTS: The prevalence of any anxiety disorder was 25.5%, and the prevalence of any mood disorder was 14.9% in women with HG in the first trimester. Psychiatric disorders continued throughout the pregnancy in two thirds of the women who had HG and a psychiatric diagnosis. Any SCID diagnosis in the first trimester was higher in women whose NV had partially resolved than in women whose NV had fully resolved (P<.05). CONCLUSION: The present studies suggest that psychiatric disorders may play a significant role in the etiology of HG. Our findings presented a potential connection between HG and anxiety disorders and major depressive disorder. Additionally, the NV symptoms in women with HG and a psychiatric disorder may persist during pregnancy.