[Low-intensity lasers in pediatric oncology]. / Nizkointensivnye lazery v detskoi onkologii.

The paper outlines the outcomes of treatment for complications associated with chemo- and radiation therapy in children with malignant neoplasms by using low-intensity laser radiation. The use of this therapy may reduce the duration of treatment of these complications by 1.5-2 times. The use of low-intensity laser radiation in the treatment of other complications that are common in pediatric oncological care is briefly described.

[Histological and ultrastructural characteristics of yolk sac tumors of gonadal and extragonadal localization in children]. / Gistologicheskie i ul'trastrukturnye osobennosti opukholi zheltochnogo meshka gonadnoi i ekstragonadnoi lokalizatsii u detei.

30 yolk sac tumours of a gonadal and extragonadal localization in children (19 testis tumours, 5 ovarian tumours, 6 tumours of extragonadal sites: presacral, sacralcoccygens, gluteal, retroperitoneal regions, vagina, liver) are studied histologically, in 8 cases electron-microscopically as well. The description of main histological and ultrastructural features that either may be used for differential diagnosis or may indicate the degree of tumour cells differentiation is presented.

[Utilization of advances of oncology in public health practice]. / O vnedrenii dostizhenii onkologii v prakticheskoe zdravookhranenie.

A concise review of the literature available on applications of medical research findings in the practice of health care is presented. Further efforts aimed at integration of oncological research results with practice are recommended. More prominence should be given to the work of those who are responsible for this activity at the level of leading research organizations; in particular, they should focus on promoting the results of individual research. To aid reporting on the available results, the existing Express-Information release, and, specifically, its section Integration of Medical Research Results with Practice of Public Health Care should be modified. The suggested procedures of reporting may be effectively used in all branches of medicine.

[Intensification of surgical activities at the oncological hospitals]. / Intensifikatsiia khirurgicheskoi deiatel'nosti onkologicheskikh statsionarov.

A cost-effective model of oncologic hospital with increased turnover of surgical cases is presented. Optimal intensity of surgeon's work and schedule of operations are suggested. Running costs for a 60-bed oncological hospital and a 35-bed department of intensive surgery are given. The experiment aimed at intensification of surgical activity proved medically, socially and economically valuable.

[New approach to the analysis of surgical activities of oncological establishments]. / Novyi podkhod k analizu khirurgicheskoi aktivnosti onkologicheskikh uchrezhdenii.

A new approach to analysis of surgical activity in surgical oncological establishments is suggested which is based on work measurement in surgeon/hours. The unit of measurement is "a unit operation" which is, in turn, an equivalent of six surgeon/hours. The surgical activity of seven oncological departments was analysed. The new method was compared to those available and its advantage was shown. The procedure is applicable in any surgical activity assessment situation.

[Low-intensity laser therapy in pediatric oncology]. / Nizkointensivnaia lazernaia terapiia v detskoi onkologii.

Application of low-intensity laser radiotherapy (LILR) allowed to cut down time needed for management of radiation injury and chemotherapy complications in pediatric patients 1.5-2-fold. It was shown that exposure to LIILR caused mononuclear (MN) levels of donors' blood to rise which in turn led to release, in higher concentrations, of IL-1 and FNO cytokins, major factors of immune response development.

[Rational use of bed capacity in surgical clinic]. / O ratsional'nom ispol'zo-vanii koechnogo fonda khirurgicheskogo statsionara.

Surgical activity can be intensified in the presence of 3 factors: optimal full-time work of surgeons, the existence of one operating table per 20 surgical beds, and financial stimulation of the entire personnel for hospital-bed turnover. Calculation of optimal full-time work of surgeons is given in illustration.

[Surgical aid for population in conditions of compulsory medical insurance]. / Organizatsiia khirurgicheskoi pomoshchi naseleniiu v usloviiakh obiazatel'nogo meditsinskogo strakhovaniia.

A brief review of economic experiments in Russian health-protection service is carried out. It is demonstrated that their ineffectiveness is stipulated by the absence of the analysis of the causes of low surgical activity. The experiment in intensification of surgical activity, which has been carried out in Moscow hospital N 40, shous the ways for correction of present situation. An additional financing source such as CMI may substantially improve the state of surgical clinics, provided that optimal conditions for surgeons' work were created.

[Case of the successful use of carminomycin in combination with cyclophosphane and vincristine in treating ectopic chondrosarcoma of rare localization in a 5-month-old infant]. / Sluchai uspeshnogo primeneniia karminomitsina v sochetanii s tsiklofosfanom i vinkristinom v lechenii éktopicheskoi khondrosarkomy redkoi lokalizatsii u 5-mesiachnogo rebenka.

Two relapses of ectopic chondrosarcoma of rare localization were registered at early periods in a 5-month child after surgical operation. Complete regression of the tumor was observed after the 1st course of combined therapy with karminomycin, vincristin and cyclophosphan. Subsequent observations for 2 years showed that the child was practically healthy.

[Antitumor antibiotics in the treatment of nephroblastomas in children]. / Protivoopukholevye antibiotiki v lechenii nefroblastom u detei.

The results of the chemotherapy of 20 children with nephroblastoma are analysed. The patients were treated according to the following scheme: vincristine in a dose of 0.05 mg kg bw once a week on the 1st, 8th, 15th and 22nd days, dactinomycin in a dose of 15 micrograms/kg once a day for 3 days on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd days of adriamycin in a dose of 30-40 mg/m2 on the 15th day of the treatment course. The postoperative chemotherapy was started 10 days after the operation. It was performed in 4 courses with intervals of 3 weeks. The efficacy of the treatment was estimated with angiography, echography and computer-aided tomography. The above scheme proved to be efficient in the treatment of the children with nephroblastoma. Reliable control of the tumor size during the preoperative treatment was shown to be possible.