Vasodilators for women undergoing fertility treatment.

BACKGROUND: The rate of successful pregnancies brought to term has barely increased since the first assisted reproductive technology (ART) technique became available. Vasodilators have been proposed to increase endometrial receptivity, thicken the endometrium, and favour uterine relaxation, all of which could improve uterine receptivity and enhance the chances for successful assisted pregnancy. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of vasodilators in women undergoing fertility treatment. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the following electronic databases, trial registers, and websites: the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group (CGF) Specialised Register of controlled trials, the Cochrane Central Register of of Controlled Trials, via the Cochrane Register of Studies Online (CRSO), MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Knowledge, the Open System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe (OpenSIGLE), the Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Information Database (LILACS), clinical trial registries, and the reference lists of relevant articles. We conducted the search in October 2017 and applied no language restrictions. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing vasodilators alone or in combination with other treatments versus placebo or no treatment or versus other agents in women undergoing fertility treatment. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Four review authors independently selected studies, assessed risk of bias, extracted data, and calculated risk ratios (RRs). We combined study data using a fixed-effect model and assessed evidence quality using Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation Working Group (GRADE) methods. Our primary outcomes were live birth or ongoing pregnancy and vasodilator side effects. Secondary outcomes included clinical pregnancy, endometrial thickness, multiple pregnancy, miscarriage, and ectopic pregnancy. MAIN RESULTS: We included 15 studies with a total of 1326 women. All included studies compared a vasodilator versus placebo or no treatment. We judged most of these studies as having unclear risk of bias. Overall, the quality of evidence was low to moderate for most outcomes. The main limitations were imprecision due to low numbers of events and participants and risk of bias due to unclear methods of randomisation.Vasodilators probably make little or no difference in rates of live birth compared with placebo or no treatment (RR 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.83 to 1.69; three RCTs; N = 350; I² = 0%; moderate-quality evidence) but probably increase overall rates of side effects including headache and tachycardia (RR 2.35, 95% CI 1.51 to 3.66; four RCTs; N = 418; I² = 0%; moderate-quality evidence). Evidence suggests that if 236 per 1000 women achieve live birth with placebo or no treatment, then between 196 and 398 per 1000 will do so with the use of vasodilators.Compared with placebo or no treatment, vasodilators may slightly improve clinical pregnancy rates (RR 1.45, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.77; 11 RCTs; N = 1054; I² = 6%; low-quality evidence). Vasodilators probably make little or no difference in rates of multiple gestation (RR 1.15, 95% CI 0.55 to 2.42; three RCTs; N = 370; I² = 0%; low-quality evidence), miscarriage (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.37 to 1.86; three RCTs; N = 350; I² = 0%; low-quality evidence), or ectopic pregnancy (RR 1.48, 95% CI 0.25 to 8.69; two RCTs; N = 250; I² = 5%; low-quality evidence). All studies found benefit for endometrial thickening, but reported effects varied (I² = 92%) and ranged from a mean difference of 0.80 higher (95% CI 0.18 to 1.42) to 3.57 higher (95% CI 3.01 to 4.13) with very low-quality evidence, so we are uncertain how to interpret these results. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Evidence was insufficient to show whether vasodilators increase the live birth rate in women undergoing fertility treatment. However, low-quality evidence suggests that vasodilators may slightly increase clinical pregnancy rates. Moderate-quality evidence shows that vasodilators increase overall side effects in comparison with placebo or no treatment. Adequately powered studies are needed so that each treatment can be evaluated more accurately.

Birth defects in medically assisted reproduction pregnancies in the city of Barcelona.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between the use of medically assisted reproduction (MAR) and birth defects (BD) in newborns and terminations of pregnancy in pregnant women registered in Barcelona in the period 1992 to 2007. METHODS: We studied 1905 cases and 2722 controls in a retrospective population-based case-control study. Cases comprised any newborn presenting at least one major BD, as well as any pregnancy terminated because of BD. Controls were newborns without BD. Exposure was MAR. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by means of logistic regression to assess the association. RESULTS: The MAR was demonstrated to be associated with BD, after adjusting for probable confounders (aOR = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.4 to 2.5). Regarding MAR modalities, this association was statistically significant only for assisted reproduction techniques (ART) (aOR = 2.7; 95% CI = 1.8 to 4.1). In the stratified analysis by structural BD categories, frequencies for all categories were increased after ART with the exception of head-face-neck-eye defects, none after artificial insemination, and digestive-abdominal wall defects in ovulation induction. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated a strong association between ART and BD, with an almost threefold increased risk for overall BD after ART, as compared with natural conception. Increased associations were also observed for almost all structural BD categories.

Vasodilators for women undergoing fertility treatment.

BACKGROUND: Since 1978, when Patrick Steptoe and Robert Edwards achieved the birth of the first test tube baby, assisted reproductive techniques have been refined and improved. However, the rate of successful pregnancies brought to term has barely increased. Therefore closer evaluation of the interventions is needed along with working towards improving uterus receptivity. Vasodilators have been proposed to increase endometrial receptivity, thicken the endometrium and favour uterine relaxation, all of which could improve uterine receptivity and enhance the chances for successful assisted pregnancies. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of vasodilators in women undergoing fertility treatment. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the following electronic databases, trial registers and websites: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE, MEDLINE, the Menstrual Disorders and Subfertility Group (MDSG) Specialised Register of controlled trials, PsycINFO, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), The Cochrane Library, Web of Knowledge, the Open System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe (OpenSIGLE), the Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Information Database (LILACS) and ClinicalTrials.gov. The search was conducted in February 2014. No language restrictions were applied. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of vasodilators alone or in combination with other treatments compared with placebo or with other agents in women undergoing fertility treatment. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently selected the studies, assessed the risk of bias and extracted data. Risk ratios (RRs) were calculated using the numbers of events in the control and intervention groups of each study. Study data were combined using a random-effects model, and evidence quality was assessed using Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation Working Group (GRADE) methods. MAIN RESULTS: Ten studies with a total of 797 women were included in this review. Most of the studies were judged as having an unclear risk of bias. Three studies reported live births, two reported vasodilator-related side effects, 10 reported clinical pregnancies (diagnosed by differing criteria) and four reported other side effects (multiple gestation, miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy).Overall, no evidence suggested that treatment with vasodilators increased live birth rates compared with placebo or no treatment (RR 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.82 to 1.69, P value 0.37, three RCTs, 350 women, I(2) = 0%, moderate-quality evidence). This indicates that among women undergoing fertility treatment who have a 24% chance of live birth without the use of vasodilators, between 19% and 40% will achieve live birth with the use of vasodilators.No evidence was found of a difference between vasodilators and placebo or no treatment in the incidence of treatment side effects (RR 1.63, 95% CI 0.33 to 7.93, P value 0.55, two RCTs, 258 women, I(2) = 32%, low-quality evidence). Nor did any evidence show a difference between them in terms of multiple gestation, spontaneous abortion/miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy rates. However few relevant data were available.Overall, treatment with vasodilators was associated with an increased clinical pregnancy rate compared with placebo or no treatment (RR 1.38, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.92, P value 0.05, eight RCTs, 717 women, I(2) = 0%, low-quality evidence). However, confidence intervals do not rule out no effect of the intervention, and when studies of vasodilators combined with another medication (vitamin E or oestrogen) were excluded, the effects of treatment with vasodilators alone on clinical pregnancy rates were more uncertain.The evidence was of low or moderate quality, and the main limitations were imprecision and lack of clarity about study methods. Risk of publication bias could not be assessed because of the low number of identified studies. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Evidence was insufficient to show that vasodilators increased the live birth rate in women undergoing fertility treatment. However, low-quality evidence suggests that vasodilators may increase clinical pregnancy rates in comparison with placebo or no treatment. Evidence was insufficient to show whether any particular vasodilator, administered alone or in combination with other active medications, was superior, and evidence was insufficient to allow the review authors to reach any conclusions regarding adverse effects. Adequately powered studies are needed so that each treatment can be evaluated more accurately.

Calidad de atención y satisfacción de usuarias atendidas por teleconsulta en Ginecología Oncológica del Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins de EsSalud, agosto a octubre del 2021 / Quality of care and satisfaction of users treated via gynecologic oncology telemedicine at Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins of EsSalud from August to October 2021

RESUMEN Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre la calidad de atención y la satisfacción de las usuarias atendidas por teleconsulta en Ginecología Oncológica de agosto a octubre del 2021. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, transversal y prospectivo en 302 usuarias. Instrumentos: cuestionario SERVPERF modificado, para evaluar calidad; lista de cotejo según Minsa, para evaluar la estructura; ficha de registro de tiempos durante la teleconsulta, para evaluar el proceso. El análisis de datos se realizó con SPSS v.27 y con la f de Fisher con p < 0,05. Resultados: El cumplimiento del componente estructura fue de 66,67 % según el Minsa; para el proceso, el tiempo de espera para la teleconsulta fue de 1 a 7 días en 53,31 %, el tiempo de espera para la atención fue <10 minutos en 64,22 % y el tiempo de duración fue de 11 a 15 minutos en 41,39 %. Las dimensiones de calidad como fiabilidad, capacidad de respuesta, seguridad, empatía y aspectos tangibles fueron buenas en 91,72 %, 90,06 %, 91,05 %, 88,41 % y 92,39 %, respectivamente; la calidad de atención fue buena, regular y mala en 95,37 %, 4,32 % y 0,31 %. La satisfacción fue alta, media y baja en 88,35 %, 7,93 % y 3,72 %. La relación entre calidad de atención, con sus respectivas dimensiones, y la satisfacción, aplicando la prueba f de Fischer, fue <0,000. Conclusiones: Existe relación entre calidad de atención y satisfacción de las usuarias en teleconsulta. El componente proceso cumple con los requisitos establecidos y la estructura está en proceso. La calidad de atención es buena y la satisfacción es alta.

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the relationship between quality of care and satisfaction of users treated via gynecologic oncology telemedicine from August to October 2021. Materials and methods: An observational, cross-sectional and prospective study conducted with 302 users. Instruments: modified SERVPERF questionnaire to evaluate the quality of care, MINSA's checklist to evaluate the structure, and telemedicine time record sheet to evaluate the process. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics V27 and Fisher's F test with p < 0.05. Results: Compliance with the structure was 66.67 % according to MINSA. Regarding the process, patient waiting time to get a telemedicine appointment was 1 to 7 days in 53.31 %, patient waiting time to begin a telemedicine consultation was < 10 minutes in 64.22 %, and telemedicine length was 11 to 15 minutes in 41.39 %. Quality of care dimensions such as reliability, responsiveness, safety, empathy and tangible aspects were good in 91.72 %, 90.06 %, 91.05 %, 88.41 % and 92.39 %, respectively. Quality of care was good, fair and bad in 95.37 %, 4.32 % and 0.31 %, respectively. Satisfaction was high, medium and low in 88.35 %, 7.93 % and 3.72 %, respectively. According to Fisher's F test, the relationship between quality of care, with its respective dimensions, and satisfaction was < 0.000. Conclusions: There is a relationship between quality of care and satisfaction of users of telemedicine. The process meets the established requirements and the structure is still in process. Quality of care is good and satisfaction is high.

Identification and description of controlled clinical trials published in Spanish Gynaecology and Obstetrics journals and risk of bias assessment of trials on assisted reproductive techniques.

OBJECTIVES: To identify and describe controlled clinical trials (CCTs) published in Spanish Gynaecology and Obstetrics journals. In addition, to assess the quality of the CCTs on Assisted Reproduction Techniques (ART) identified in this project. STUDY DESIGN: In order to identify eligible CCTs, all Spanish Gynaecology and Obstetrics journals were handsearched. Handsearching was conducted following the guidelines provided by the Cochrane Collaboration, which state that each journal article must be carefully reviewed, including original articles and other types of studies, letters to the editor, abstracts, and conference presentations. The results of the handsearching process were compared with an electronic search conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed). A descriptive analysis of the main characteristics of the identified CCTs was performed, as well as a methodological assessment of CCTs on ART. RESULTS: Sixteen Gynaecology and Obstetrics journals were identified, four of which have been indexed in MEDLINE at some point, although not currently. The journal with the most CCTs was "Progresos de Obstetricia y Ginecología". A total of 235 CCTs were published in these journals, of which 29 were on ART. Most CCTs (216, 91.9%) were carried out in a hospital setting; 201 (89.4%) were unicentric. Obstetrics was the most studied subspecialty (46.4%). Among CCTs on ART, the risk of bias was predominantly high. CONCLUSIONS: The number of CCTs published in Spanish Gynaecology and Obstetrics journals is limited. CCTs on ART present deficiencies in the report of results and low methodological quality. It is advised that authors and journals adhere to the CONSORT statement and to the Cochrane Collaboration recommendations to reduce risk of bias when designing and disseminating research projects.

Efecto de la intervención nasal y nasosinusal en calidad de sueño en el Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins 2017 / Effect of nasal and sinus surgery on sleep quality at the Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins during 2017

Objetivo: Determinar el efecto de la cirugía nasal y nasosinusal endoscópica sobre la calidad de sueño en el Servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins durante el año 2017.Materiales y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo y longitudinal. La muestra es de 92 pacientes operados en quienes se evaluó la calidad de sueño mediante el Índice de calidad de sueño de Pittsburgh. Los datos fueron analizados con SPSS versión 24 y se realizó análisis univariado, Mann-Whitney, correlación de Spearman y prueba de rango con signo de Wilcoxon. Resultados: La calidad de sueño mejoró después de la operación nasal y nasosinusal endoscópica (p<0,01), al igual que la obstrucción nasal (p<0,01). En los datos preoperatorios, se encontró correlación entre IMC (índice de masa corporal) y obstrucción nasal con calidad de sueño.Conclusiones: Las operaciones nasal y nasosinusal endoscópica tienen un efecto positivo sobre calidad de sueño en pacientes del Servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins 2017.

Objective: To determine the effect of nasal and sinus endoscopic surgery on sleep quality at the Otorhinolaryngology Department of the Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins during 2017. Materials and methods: A retrospective and longitudinal study was conducted with a sample of 92 patients who underwent surgery and whose sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The data was analyzed using software SPSS version 24. Additionally, a univariate analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman ́s rank correlation coefficient and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used in the study.Results: Both sleep quality (p <0.01) and nasal obstruction (p <0.01) improved after nasal and sinus endoscopic surgery. The preoperative data shows that BMI (body mass index) and nasal obstruction have a correlation with sleep quality.Conclusions: Nasal and sinus endoscopic surgery had a positive effect on sleep quality in patients of the Otorhinolaryngology Department of the Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins during 2017.

Systematic evaluation of the quality of clinical practice guidelines on the use of assisted reproductive techniques.

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic evaluation of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) on the use of assisted reproductive technologies. METHODS: We searched Medline, the Turning Research into Practice database, and guidelines-specific databases from December 2006 to November 2011. Three reviewers independently assessed each Guideline using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument. A standardized score was calculated separately for each of the six domains. RESULTS: Fourteen Guidelines were included. Overall, the quality of these was suboptimal. The scores for each AGREE II domain ranged between 37% and 80%. Three (22%) were deemed "Recommended"; nine (64%),"Recommended with modifications"; and two (14%), "Not recommended". Agreement among reviewers was very good (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient: 0.915 [95% CI 0.807-0.970]). CONCLUSIONS: The overall quality of the CPGs on Assisted Reproduction Techniques published during the last 5 years is suboptimal. Most Guidelines present significant shortcomings in important domains such as "stakeholder involvement", "rigor of development", and "applicability". Instruments such as the AGREE II and "the Grading of Recommendation Assessment Development and Evaluation" system could prove useful to improve CPGs in this field. Guideline users could benefit from the present results when choosing which guidelines to implement.

Macrosomía fetal en un hospital del Ministerio de Salud del Perú, de 2010 a 2014 / Fetal macrosomy in a Hospital of the Ministry of Health, Peru, from 2010 to 2014

Resumen Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de macrosomía fetal y sus factores de riesgo, y describir las complicaciones en los recién nacidos. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, transversal y retrospectivo efectuado con base en la información registrada en el sistema informático perinatal del Hospital Vitarte. Se incluyeron los nacimientos únicos, a término, atendidos entre los meses de enero de 2010 a diciembre de 2014 y se excluyó a los recién nacidos óbitos. Para el análisis estadístico univariado y bivariado se utilizó X 2 y t de Student para p < 0.05 y regresión logística bivariada y multivariada para razón de momios con IC95%; se utilizó el programa SPSS 23. Resultados: La muestra de estudio fue de 16,060 recién nacidos y la prevalencia de macrosomía fetal de 8.1% (1298 de 16,060) con IC95% de 8.075-8.086%. Los factores de riesgo identificados para macrosomía fetal fueron: obesidad (RM: 2.762; IC95%: 2.370-3.220), postérmino (RM: 2.818; IC95%: 1.201-1.615), sobrepeso (RM: 1.806; IC95%: 1.552-2.102), multiparidad (RM: 1.393; IC95%: 1.201-1.615) y sexo masculino (RM: 1.556, IC95%: 1.382-1.752). En relación con las complicaciones se encontró que el Apgar bajo al minuto y la cesárea fueron más frecuentes en macrosómicos que en no macrosómicos. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de macrosomía fetal en el Hospital Vitarte se encuentra en el promedio mundial; sus principales factores de riesgo son modificables y las complicaciones son prevenibles. Se sugiere mejorar las intervenciones gestacionales y pregestacionales para lograr eficiencia y repercusiones en la prevención de macrosomía fetal.

Abstract Objectives: To determine the prevalence of fetal macrosomia and its risk factors, and to describe complications in newborns. Materials and methods: Observational, cross-sectional and retrospective study carried out based on the information registered in the perinatal computer system of Hospital Vitarte. Single births, at term, attended between the months of January 2010 and December 2014 were included and newborns were excluded. For the univariate and bivariate statistical analysis, X 2 and Student's t were used for p < 0.05 and bivariate and multivariate logistic regression for odds ratio with 95% CI; the SPSS 23 program was used. Results: The study sample was 16,060 newborns and the prevalence of fetal macrosomia was 8.1% (1298 of 16,060) with 95%CI of 8,075-8,086%. The risk factors identified for fetal macrosomia were: obesity (OR: 2,762; CI95%: 2,370- 3,220), post-term (OR: 2,818; CI95%: 1,201-1,615), overweight (OR: 1,806; CI95%: 1,552-2,102). Multiparity (OR: 1,393; 95%CI: 1,201-1,615) and male sex (OR: 1,556; CI95%: 1,382-1,752). In relation to the complications, it was found that the Apgar low to the minute and the caesarean section were more frequent in macrosomic than in non-macrosomic ones. Conclusions: The prevalence of fetal macrosomia in Hospital Vitarte is found in the world average; Its main risk factors are modifiable, and the complications are preventable. It is suggested to improve gestational and pre-gestational interventions to achieve efficiency and repercussions in the prevention of fetal macrosomia.

Factores de riesgo conductuales para bacteriuria asintomática en gestantes

Objetivos: Determinar los factores de riesgo conductuales que se relacionan con bacteriuria asintomática en gestantes. Diseño: Estudio caso control incidente. Institución: Hospital Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Perú. Participantes: Gestantes. Intervenciones: Entre julio 2010 y junio del 2011 se realizó un estudio de gestantes con urocultivo positivo y sin síntomas de infección urinaria (casos) y gestantes con urocultivo negativo y sin síntomas de infección urinaria (controles). Se utilizó el chi cuadrado y una regresión logística bivariada para ver la asociación y finalmente una regresión logística multivariada con edad, procedencia, grado de instrucción, estado civil, ocupación, paridad y uso de sonda vesical. Principales medidas de resultados: Factores de riesgo conductuales de bacteriuria asintomática. Resultados: Se observó asociación entre los siguientes: a) reprimir la micción y la bacteriuria asintomática, con ORcrudo 3,694 (IC 95%: 2,556 a 5,356); al ajustar el odds ratio (OR) por probables variables confusoras, la asociación se mantuvo, OR: 3,4766 (3,057 a 7,421); b) entre relación sexual diaria y bacteriuria asintomática, con ORcrudo 1,883 (1,260 a 2,842); al ajustar por las mismas variables el ORajustado 1,729 (1,118 a 2,675), se mantuvo de manera significativa. No se encontró asociación entre bacteriuria asintomática e higiene menor de seis veces por semana. Conclusiones: La frecuencia de bacteriuria asintomática fue tres veces mayor en gestantes que retuvieron la orina, y las gestantes que tenían relaciones sexuales diarias tuvieron 70% mayor posibilidad de hacer bacteriuria asintomática. Es recomendable considerar estos resultados en la consejería de la gestante.

Objectives: To determine behavioral risk factors related to asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women. Design: Case control study. Setting: Daniel Alcides Carrion National Hospital, Callao, Peru. Participants: Pregnant women. Interventions: From July 2010 through June 2011 pregnant women with positive urine cultures and without urinary tract infection (cases) and asymptomatic pregnant women with negative urine culture (controls) were studied. Chi square and bivaried logistic regression were used for association and multivaried logistic regression with age, origin, education level, marital status, occupation, parity and use of bladder catheter. Main outcome measures: Behavioral risk factors for asymptomatic bacteriuria. Results: Association was found between: a) restraining voiding and asymptomatic bacteriuria, ORcrude 3.694 (95% CI: 2.556- 5.356); association remained when adjusting odds ratio (OR) for probable confounding variables, OR: 3.4766 (3.057- 7.421); b) daily coitus and asymptomatic bacteriuria, ORcrude 1.883 (1.260-2.842); adjusted ORadjusted 1.729 (1.118-2.675) maintained significantly. No association between asymptomatic bacteriuria and hygiene less than six weeks per week was found. Conclusions: Frequency of asymptomatic bacteriuria was three times higher in pregnant women that retained from voiding, and pregnant women who had coitus daily had 70% more possibility of presenting asymptomatic bacteriuria. It is advisable to consider these findings in counseling pregnant women.