Point-of-care ultrasound after attempted suicidal hanging.

Focused cardiac ultrasound (FoCUS) can provide critical information quickly to determine the etiology after cardiac arrest and may expedite a diagnosis in order to identify underlying treatable causes. We present a case of reversible acute left ventricular dysfunction after cardiopulmonary resuscitation following attempted suicide by hanging presenting with severe hypoxemia. FoCUS revealed findings consistent with severe left ventricular dysfunction, and point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS) ruled out pneumothorax. These findings, in conjunction with the clinical presentation, facilitated an early identification and rapid evaluation of cardiogenic shock; furthermore, they led to the use of FoCUS, which can provide critical information quickly on site for a patient who is suddenly symptomatic after severe mechanical asphyxia in the pediatric emergency department, pediatric intensive care unit, or the prehospital setting.

The situation of vaccines for the prevention of infections in adults: An opinion paper on the situation in Spain.

The childhood immunization schedule is well known and generally well implemented in developed countries. For various reasons, the same is not true of vaccines aimed at preventing infections in adults, in which vaccination coverage is incomplete and generally very deficient. In order to assess the situation of adult vaccination in Spain, the Fundación de Ciencias de la Salud has brought together a series of experts in different fields, including doctors, nurses, representatives of patient associations, health managers and economists, health authorities and journalists to deal with this issue. The format was that of a round table in which a series of questions previously formulated by the coordinators were to be answered and debated. The document presented is not an exhaustive review of the topic, nor is it intended to make recommendations, but only to give a multidisciplinary opinion on topics that could be particularly debatable or controversial. The paper reviews the main vaccine-preventable adult diseases, their clinical and economic impact, the possibilities of reducing them with vaccination programmes and the difficulties in carrying them out. The role of nursing, pharmacy services, patient associations and the health administration itself in changing the current situation was discussed. Prospects for new vaccines were discussed and we speculated on the future in this field. Finally, particularly relevant ethical aspects in decision-making regarding vaccination were discussed, which must be faced by both individuals and states. We have tried to summarize, at the end of the presentation of each question, the environment of opinion that was agreed with all the members of the table.

Educación nutricional en niños en edad escolar a través del Programa Nutriplato(r) / Nutritional education in school-age children through Programa Nutriplato(r)

INTRODUCCIÓN: promocionar hábitos de alimentación saludable durante la infancia es uno de los aspectos clave para fomentar un buen estado de salud a medio y largo plazo. OBJETIVOS: los objetivos principales son mejorar los hábitos alimentarios, promocionar la dieta mediterránea (DM) y prevenir y/o revertir el sobrepeso y la obesidad en niños de 3 a 12 años. MÉTODOS: el programa tiene un seguimiento de un año e incluye de tres a cinco visitas con dietistas-nutricionistas, un control telefónico y un taller práctico. Se recogen datos antropométricos, de composición corporal y de hábitos alimentarios, y se realiza educación nutricional. Se incluirán un total de 1.000 niños. RESULTADOS: hasta el momento, se han incluido 622 participantes (51,6 % niños; mediana de edad de 8,5 años). Al inicio, el 32,2 % presentaba sobrepeso u obesidad y el 38,9 % seguía una DM óptima. No se encontraron diferencias en la valoración del cuestionario Kidmed en función del sexo (p = 0,214) ni del subgrupo de índice de masa corporal (IMC) (p = 0,181), pero sí en función de la edad (p = 0,023) y del Z-score del IMC (p = 0,004), mostrando valores ligeramente menores en aquellos que presentaban una DM óptima. Por ahora, 362 participantes han realizado la visita de los seis meses, de los cuales el 61,6 % presentó una DM óptima, con diferencias estadísticamente significativas en comparación con la inicial (p < 0,0001). CONCLUSIONES: los resultados preliminares muestran la necesidad de realizar educación nutricional en los niños y sugieren que el Programa Nutriplato(r) puede ser efectivo en la mejora de hábitos alimentarios

INTRODUCTION: promoting healthy eating habits among childhood is one of the key aspects to improve medium and long-term health outcomes. OBJECTIVES: the main aims are to improve eating habits, promote the Mediterranean diet (MD) and prevent and/or reverse overweight and obesity in children from 3 to 12 years old. METHODS: the program has a one-year follow-up and includes three to five visits with registered dietitians, one telephone control and one practical workshop. Anthropometric, body composition and eating habits data are collected, and nutritional education is carried out. A total sample of 1,000 children will be included. RESULTS: until now, 622 participants have been included (51.6 % boys; median age 8.5 years). At the beginning, 32.2 % of participants were overweight or obese and 38.9 % had an adequate MD. Although no differences were found in the assessment of the Kidmed questionnaire regarding sex (p = 0.214) or body mass index (BMI) subgroups (p = 0.181), differences were found regarding age (p = 0.023) and BMI Z-score (p = 0.004), showing slightly lower values in those having and adequate MD. At the moment, 362 participants have made the six-month visit, of which 61.6 % presented an adequate MD, with statistically significant differences compared to the baseline visit (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: preliminary results show the need for nutritional education in children and suggest that Programa Nutriplato(r) can be effective in improving eating habits

[Familial MECP2 duplication syndrome]. / Síndrome de duplicación MECP2 familiar.

TITLE: Síndrome de duplicación MECP2 familiar.

Aplicación del protocolo de actuación para embarazadas con fenilcetonuria clásica: tres gestaciones con éxito / Application of a protocol for pregnant women with classic phenylketonuria: three successful pregnancies

El síndrome de fenilcetonuria materna (SFM) aparece en hijos de madres afectadas por hiperfenilalaninemia grave o moderada con concentraciones plasmáticas elevadas de fenilalanina(Phe) durante los meses previos y/o la gestación. Cursa con malformaciones similares al síndrome alcoholico fetal y es especialmente frecuente la aparición de microcefalia y retardomental y del desarrollo. La planificación y los controles estrictos de Phe durante el embarazo son fundamentales para evitar la aparición de SFM. Presentamos un protocolo de seguimiento y nuestra experiencia en tres embarazos que han finalizado con éxito

Maternal phenylketonuria syndrome(MPS)occurs in children whose mothers have severe or moderate hyperphenylalaninemia and present high plasma phenylalanine levels during the months prior to and/or throughout pregnancy. MPS presents with malformations similar to those associated with fetal alcohol syndrome, the most common of which are microcephaly, congenital heart defects and mental and developmental retardation. Planning and strict control of phenylalanine levels during pregnancy are essential for the prevention of the development of MPS. We present a follow-up protocol and our experience with three successful pregnancies in women with phenylketonuria