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Background/Aim: Prolonged jaundice is one of the most common problems during neonatal period. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) treatment in newborn infants with prolonged unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Materials and Methods: The present study included 27 patients who were fed by breast milk and followed up in the outpatient clinic due to prolonged jaundice without any underlying etiological factor; 10 mg/kg/day UDCA was administrated in two doses for 7 days. Furthermore, 20 newborns diagnosed with prolonged jaundice with same characteristics were enrolled as the control group. The control group was also given a placebo; demographic characteristics, liver functions tests before and after the treatment, bilirubin decrease rates, and hemogram parameters of groups were compared. Results: Total bilirubin levels in the study and control groups before the treatment were 16.02 ± 1.41 mg/dL and 15.93 ± 1.66 mg/dL, respectively (P = 0.84). Total bilirubin levels in the study and control groups at day 7 after UDCA treatment were detected 8.18 ± 2.31 mg/dL and 13.92 ± 2.66 mg/dL, respectively (P < 0.001), and at day 14 after the treatment were 5.45 ± 2.59 mg/dL and 11.91 ± 2.83 mg/dL, respectively (P < 0.001). Furthermore, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was detected <21 U/L in the ROC analysis after UDCA treatment (P = 0.04). Conclusion: The study outcomes indicated that an efficient reduction in total bilirubin levels may be achieved, and outpatient clinic follow-up period may be reduced in patients whom UDCA was administrated. Moreover, it may be speculated that AST can be used to evaluate the efficacy after treatment. However, studies with larger sample sizes are needed for the routine use of UDCA in the treatment of prolonged jaundice.
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Ictericia , Ácido Ursodesoxicólico , Lactante , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Ácido Ursodesoxicólico/uso terapéutico , Leche Humana , Hiperbilirrubinemia/tratamiento farmacológico , Hiperbilirrubinemia/complicaciones , Ictericia/tratamiento farmacológico , Ictericia/etiología , BilirrubinaRESUMEN
Outbreak of the new type coronavirus infection, known as coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19), has begun in December 2019, in Wuhan, China. As of today, 3 April 2020, 972,640 people affected and 50,325 people died from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2. There is not any standard treatment for coronavirus infection 2019; however, there are promising data for hydroxychloroquine and some anti-retroviral drugs. Programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PDL-1) pathway is an important target for the cancer immunotherapy. However, there is a robust pre-clinical and clinical data regarding inhibitor effect of this pathway on the acute or chronic viral infections. Thus, blockade of this pathway may lead to an anti-viral effect and decrease viral load. Here, we report the clinical course of coronavirus infection 2019 infection of a patient in whom older aged, having multiple co-morbidities, and taking nivolumab for metastatic malignant melanoma. In contrast to her older age, comorbidities, and cancer diagnosis, she was in a good condition, and there was also no pneumonia finding. We think that this good clinical course of coronavirus infection 2019 infection may be related to blockade of PD-1/PDL-1 pathway with nivolumab. It is impossible to say that blockade of PD-1/PDL-1pathway is a treatment option for COVID-19; however, we want to share our experience.
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Azitromicina/administración & dosificación , Betacoronavirus , Infecciones por Coronavirus , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Melanoma , Nivolumab/administración & dosificación , Oseltamivir/administración & dosificación , Pandemias , Neumonía Viral , Anciano , Antineoplásicos Inmunológicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Inmunológicos/inmunología , Antivirales/administración & dosificación , Betacoronavirus/efectos de los fármacos , Betacoronavirus/fisiología , COVID-19 , Infecciones por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Coronavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Coronavirus/fisiopatología , Infecciones por Coronavirus/virología , Femenino , Humanos , Hidroxicloroquina/administración & dosificación , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/secundario , Melanoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Melanoma/epidemiología , Melanoma/patología , Afecciones Crónicas Múltiples/epidemiología , Nivolumab/inmunología , Neumonía Viral/diagnóstico , Neumonía Viral/epidemiología , Neumonía Viral/fisiopatología , Neumonía Viral/virología , Receptor de Muerte Celular Programada 1/antagonistas & inhibidores , SARS-CoV-2 , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/métodos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
There are several studies confirming an association between nicotine exposure and increase in aortic intima-media thickness (aIMT) as a pre-atherosclerotic lesion. The ω-3 FAs are on the other hand reported to have an anti-atherogenic effect. We aimed to evaluate histopathologically the effect of nicotine exposure during pregnancy and lactation period on fetal growth and aIMT at postnatal 45 days of age in rat pups living in the same conditions and to determine the protective effect of ω-3 FAs. Pregnant rats were assigned into four groups. In nicotine (N) group; pregnant rats received nicotine subcutaneously and extra-virgin olive oil by gavage during pregnancy from 1 to 21 days of gestation and lactation. In nicotine+ ω-3 FAs (N+O) group; nicotine was administered subcutaneously and ω-3 FAs by gavage, in omega-3(O) group; ω-3 FAs were administered by gavage and saline subcutaneously, in control(C) group; saline was administered subcutaneously and extra-virgin olive oil by gavage for the same period.The aIMT was found to be greatest in N+O group, which indicated a significant difference compared to the control group (p < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was found among other groups.Although the majority of studies on ω-3 FAs suggest a beneficial effect, our study showed that exposure to ω-3 FAs increased the aIMT (Tab. 2, Fig. 3, Ref. 25).
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Aorta Abdominal/patología , Aterosclerosis/diagnóstico , Grosor Intima-Media Carotídeo , Ácidos Grasos Omega-3/toxicidad , Túnica Íntima/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Aorta Abdominal/efectos de los fármacos , Aterosclerosis/inducido químicamente , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Femenino , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Túnica Íntima/patologíaRESUMEN
Early onset Marfan Syndrome (eoMFS) is a rare, severe form of Marfan Syndrome (MFS). The disease has a poor prognosis and most patients present with resistance to heart failure treatment during the newborn period. This report presents two cases of eoMFS with similar clinical features diagnosed in the newborn period and who died at an early age due to the complications related to the involvement of the cardiovascular system.
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OBJECTIVE: The long-term (median follow-up eight years) results of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy approach and silicone intubation were evaluated by various aspects. STUDY DESIGN: Case series with planned data collection of 38 procedures for postsaccal stenosis were analyzed. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Silicone intubation was not used in 19 of the randomly selected procedures. Anatomical and functional surgical success was evaluated subjectively and objectively. RESULTS: The patients' complaints improved in 84.2 percent of eyes in the intubation group, and in 94.7 percent of the group without intubation, with a mean follow-up of 112 and 96 months after surgery, respectively. Postoperative endoscopic examinations revealed that the rhinostomy opening was visible in 17 sides with intubation (89.5%) and 18 sides without intubation (94.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Considering the similar surgical success rates, and disadvantageous factors such as granulation formation, patient discomfort, and cost related to intubation, we recommend endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy without intubation as the treatment of choice in cases of chronic epiphora due to postsaccal stenosis of the lacrimal drainage system.
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Dacriocistorrinostomía , Dacriocistorrinostomía/métodos , Endoscopía , Intubación , Adulto , Anciano , Dacriocistorrinostomía/efectos adversos , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Obstrucción del Conducto Lagrimal/complicaciones , Obstrucción del Conducto Lagrimal/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Reoperación , Siliconas , Stents , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del TratamientoAsunto(s)
Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Óseas/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Células Renales/tratamiento farmacológico , Indoles/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Renales/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Pirroles/uso terapéutico , Anciano , Neoplasias Óseas/secundario , Carcinoma de Células Renales/patología , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Humanos , Neoplasias Renales/patología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/secundario , Masculino , Inducción de Remisión , Sunitinib , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
Sirenomelia or the Mermaid syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly with an incidence of one in 60,000 to 70,000 pregnancies. Sirenomelia is characterized by complete fusion of the lower limbs, commonly associated with renal agenesis, absent external genitalia and other gastrointestinal defects. A 37-week, 3040-g infant was born to a 35-year-old multigravida mother with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia. To our knowledge, this is the first case of sirenomelia with adrenalomegaly.