Management of ileocolic intussusception in the Czech Republic.

INTRODUCTION: Ileocolic intussusception is one of the most frequent causes of acute abdomen in infants and toddlers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the treatment of ileocolic intussusception in the Czech Republic in 2019. METHODS: Fourteen departments of paediatric surgery participated in this multicentre retrospective study. A SurveyMonkey Inc. questionnaire was used for anonymous data collection of patients with ileocolic intussusception. RESULTS: In 2019, ileocolic intussusception was diagnosed in 162 patients; median age was 30 months (3 months to 9.5 years). Contrast enema was indicated in 133 patients, primary surgery in 14 patients and spontaneous reduction was found in 15 patients. All departments using contrast enema had a success rate of 89.5%; 12 departments approached the contrast enema procedure under general anaesthesia (including myorelaxation at 7 departments) and 2 departments under sedation. Contrast enema under general anaesthesia with/without myorelaxation was significantly more successful than contrast enema under sedation (108/113, 95.6% vs 11/20, 55%; p.

Post-release growth and dispersal of pond and hatchery-reared European grayling Thymallus thymallus compared with their wild conspecifics in a small stream.

The growth, and dispersal of stocked European grayling Thymallus thymallus, reared in a hatchery (fed dry food pellets) or in a pond (fed natural food), compared with their wild conspecifics was assessed from the recapture of individually tagged fish 168 days after their release into the Blanice River, Czech Republic. Recapture rates and site fidelity were higher for wild T. thymallus than for artificially reared fish. Specific growth rate and upstream or downstream dispersal did not significantly differ between any of the groups of fish. An influence of rearing conditions (pond v. hatchery) on the overall performance of stocked fish was not demonstrated. Initially, lower condition factors of reared T. thymallus were equal to wild fish after recapture, suggesting adaptation of artificially reared fish that remained in the sections studied.

[Accuracy in estimating decompensation in type I diabetes]. / Hranice presnosti odhadu kompenzace diabetiku I. typu.

Within the framework of a grant project the authors selected 30 patients, mean age 12.91 +/- 3.23 years with insulin dependent diabetes with a mean duration of 8 +/- 3.63 years treated so far by two doses of insulin per day: 0.49 +/- 0.21 UI/kg, ratio 3.1: 1.8 +/- 0.5: 0.3 rapid and NPH insulin, and an evening dose of 0.29 +/- 0.13 IU/kg with a ratio 2.4: 1.2 +/- 0.3: 0.2 rapid and NPH insulin, compensated on values of glycated haemoglobin HBA1c one month before assessment 6.31 +/- 1.84% and HBA1c at the time of assessment 7.52 +/- 2.13, with a residual capacity of the pancreas-C peptide values 0.70 +/- 0.20 ng/l. In this group the authors monitored, using a Biostator, the course of the 24-hour blood sugar level while the patients adhered to an individual dietary regime and insulin dosage. From the continual curve the authors selected with regard to time, typical peaks of the curve various types of profiles incl. those commonly used in practice. In those the authors compared the accuracy of calculation of compensation indexes. They found a different sensitivity of M-value, MGB a MAGE indexes, depending on the time of blood sampling used for their calculation and on the position of the selected blood sugar level in relation to the peaks of the blood sugar level. A significant finding was the marked influence on the accuracy of all indexes, but mainly of index MAGE, exerted by blood sugar levels associated with small meals and the nocturnal blood sugar level.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[Treatment of congenital diaphragmatic hernia using ECMO]. / Lécba vrozené bránicní kýly s vyuzitím ECMO.

The authors present a case dealing with the treatment of a congenital diaphragmatic hernia. The procedure comprises surgery, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation--ECMO, classical and non-conventional pulmonary ventilation and pharmacological treatment. By using these methods it is possible to treat successfully a certain group of neonates with a congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Epidemiological significance of the local reaction to direct BCG vaccination as assessed from a study in Mongolia.

Direct BCG vaccination has considerable operational advantages over the classical method of vaccinating only persons who do not react to tuberculin. In the present study it is shown that the direct method as applied in Mongolia does not cause any untoward reactions in persons who react to tuberculin and therefore can be considered a rational public health procedure.By reason of the repeated follow-up examinations, it was possible to obtain a clear picture of the development of the local BCG reactions and to test the hypothesis that these reactions may give information on pre-existing tuberculin sensitivity. It appeared impossible to deduce with any accuracy from either the local induration or the tissue destruction at the site of vaccination whether a person had tuberculin sensitivity before vaccination or not, and the results obtained with 2 different vaccines were inconsistent. It is therefore concluded that the local BCG reaction has no epidemiological significance in this respect.