RESUMEN
Previous studies have emphasized that genetic susceptibility to breast cancer is rare and is expressed primarily as premenopausal breast cancer, bilateral breast cancer, or both. Proliferative breast disease (PBD) is a significant risk factor for the development of breast cancer and appears to be a precursor lesion. PBD and breast cancer were studied in 103 women from 20 kindreds that were selected for the presence of two first degree relatives with breast cancer and in 31 control women. Physical examination, screening mammography, and four-quadrant fine-needle breast aspirates were performed. Cytologic analysis of breast aspirates revealed PBD in 35% of clinically normal female first degree relatives of breast cancer cases and in 13% of controls. Genetic analysis suggests that genetic susceptibility causes both PBD and breast cancer in these kindreds. This study supports the hypothesis that this susceptibility is responsible for a considerable portion of breast cancer, including unilateral and postmenopausal breast cancer.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de la Mama/genética , Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Adulto , Anciano , Enfermedades de la Mama/patología , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Femenino , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Humanos , Masculino , Menopausia , Persona de Mediana Edad , LinajeRESUMEN
A patient with recurrent pancreatitis was treated by near-total pancreatectomy. The tail of the pancreas, together with the splenic artery and vein, was transplanted into the thigh, with anastomoses of the splenic vessels to the femoral vessels. Two months after operation simultaneously drawn blood samples from both femoral veins showed elevated insulin on the grafted side. Two years after operation the patient is free of symptoms and is not diabetic.
Asunto(s)
Trasplante de Páncreas , Pancreatectomía , Pancreatitis/cirugía , Adulto , Colecistectomía , Enfermedad Crónica , Conducto Cístico/cirugía , Diabetes Mellitus/prevención & control , Femenino , Prueba de Tolerancia a la Glucosa , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Embarazo , Arteria Esplénica/trasplante , Vena Esplénica/trasplante , Muslo/irrigación sanguínea , Trasplante AutólogoRESUMEN
Xenotransplantation of piscine islets into hyperglycemic rats usually lowers the blood sugar level of the recipient. The duration of this effect is prolonged by irradiation of the host or by enclosing donor tissue in synthetic envelopes. This prolongation appears to be related to interference with the host's ability to reject the graft; the duration of the prolongation may be limited by the host tissue reaction surrounding the envelope. The availability of anatomically separate piscine islet tissue makes it potentially useful for xenotransplantation into mammals.
Asunto(s)
Peces , Hiperglucemia/terapia , Trasplante de Islotes Pancreáticos , Efectos de la Radiación , Trasplante Heterólogo , Animales , Glucemia/análisis , Técnicas de Cultivo , Técnicas Citológicas/instrumentación , Difusión , Inyecciones Intraperitoneales , Inyecciones Subcutáneas , Masculino , Filtros Microporos , Ratas , Ratas Endogámicas LewRESUMEN
A new method of surgical treatment is described for the Mallory-Weiss tear that is not controlled by conservative measures. This technique uses a team approach combining endoscopy with simultaneous laparotomy to plicate the Mallory-Weiss tear without opening the gastrointestinal tract. We believe this method offers equal or better vision of the lesion than gastrotomy and will significantly lower the morbidity and perhaps the mortality associated with violating the integrity of the gastrointestinal tract.
Asunto(s)
Endoscopía , Síndrome de Mallory-Weiss/cirugía , Estómago/cirugía , Técnicas de Sutura , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadAsunto(s)
Fístula Gástrica , Fístula Intestinal , Intestino Delgado , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Fístula , Fístula Gástrica/complicaciones , Fístula Gástrica/epidemiología , Fístula Gástrica/etiología , Fístula Gástrica/mortalidad , Fístula Gástrica/cirugía , Humanos , Enfermedad Iatrogénica , Fístula Intestinal/complicaciones , Fístula Intestinal/epidemiología , Fístula Intestinal/etiología , Fístula Intestinal/mortalidad , Fístula Intestinal/cirugía , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades de la PielRESUMEN
A type of mastopathy is unique to insulin-dependent diabetic patients. The characteristic change is a connective tissue overgrowth with vasculitis and some proliferation of duct epithelium. It is not the type of change typically associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Clinically this change is indistinguishable by physical or radiographic findings from breast malignancy. Eleven biopsies showing these characteristics were performed on insulin-dependent patients who had diabetes mellitus from childhood. Every patient had some major complication of diabetes mellitus, usually diabetic retinopathy. In every instance the mastopathy continued to manifest itself as a part of the healing process. The probability is that this is an evidence in the breast of collagen cross-linking changes seen in patients with diabetes mellitus. This observation should help in the supervision of patients with a clinical background compatible with this study.