[Change of Intraocular Pressure 10 Days Following Radical Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer]. / Augeninnendrucksenkung 10 Tage nach radikaler Prostatektomie bei Patienten mit diagnostiziertem Prostatakarzinom.

BACKGROUND: Results of a retrospective study of perioperative changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) following radical prostatectomy (RPE) for prostate cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 25 consecutive patients, PSA (prostate specific antigen) and IOP were measured with Goldmann tonometry before and after a mean of 10 days following RPE. The data of three patients with proven glaucoma were evaluated separately. The data of 22 patients without glaucoma were analysed with non-parametric statistical methods. The primary objective of the investigation was the statistical analysis of the changes in the IOP of the right eyes. The results for the left eyes are presented as secondary objective. RESULTS: The mean IOP in the right eye decreased from 13.95 ± 2.95 mmHg (n = 22) preoperatively to 12.18 ± 1.99 mmHg postoperatively; the average reduction in pressure was 1.77 ± 2.44 mmHg. In the left eyes, the IOP of 14.45 ± 3.16 mmHg preoperatively decreased to 12.05 ± 2.21 mmHg postoperatively. The average reduction in pressure was 2.41 ± 3.53 mmHg. The PSA level decreased from 18.70 ± 21.66 ng/ml preoperatively (median: 11.3 ng/ml) to 2.21 ± 3.13 ng/ml postoperatively (median: 1.25 ng/ml). The decline in IOP and the difference in PSA are highly statistically significant (Wilcoxon test for paired samples, n = 22, p < 0.01). There was no linear relationship between the reductions in IOP and PSA (Pearson correlation coefficient: r = 0.137, p = 0.542 for right eyes, r = 0.062, p = 0.784 for left eyes). CONCLUSION: Our case series shows that there is a statistically significant decrease in IOP following RPE, and to a clinically relevant extent. The changes in PSA and IOP might be linked by changes in prostaglandin metabolism in the prostate and/or the seminal vesicles. This theory remains to be confirmed by further studies. The increase in IOP during the development of prostate cancer might also be linked to changes in prostaglandin metabolism and composition. It is conceivable that prostaglandin analogues could be developed to reduce IOP.

[MALT Lymphoma of the Conjunctiva in a 13-year old Child--5-Year Relapse-free Follow-up Following Antibiotic Treatment]. / MALT-Lymphom der Bindehaut bei einem 13-jährigen Kind--fünf Jahre Rezidivfreiheit nach ausschließlich antibiotischer Behandlung.

MEDICAL HISTORY: In February 2007, a 13-year old boy presented with a livid tumour in the lower conjunctival fornix of the left eye. OPHTHALMOLOGICAL FINDINGS: The tumor was salmon-coloured, bulging and elastic and filled the whole lower conjunctival fornix of the left eye. There was no other pathological finding in the left eye. Uncorrected visual acuity was 20/20. Intraocular pressure was 12 mmHg. The eye was fully motile. TREATMENT: Incisional biopsy was performed in February 2007. The tumor was histologically an extranodal MALT lymphoma. DNA testing for Chlamydophila trachomatis and Chlamydophila pneumonia was negative. Systemic treatment was started with doxycycline (200 mg daily). After six weeks, the tumour was slightly smaller. Azithromycin 500 mg once a week was added. 18 months after initiation of the treatment, the tumour had completely regressed. A second sample taking in the former tumor area showed tumor-free conjunctiva and subconjunctival tissue. As a precaution, the combined antibiotic therapy was continued for 10 months and the patient was followed for five more years. The lymphoma did not relapse in the conjunctiva and orbit or in the whole body. CONCLUSION: We showed that extranodal MALT lymphomas of the conjunctiva can be successfully treated with antibiotics alone. At the start of therapy, the child was 13 years old. To our knowledge, this patient is the first child in Germany and one of the first in the world with ocular adnexal lymphoma who could be successfully treated with combined antibiotic therapy and who could be followed up for 5 years without relapse. Thus, we could avoid radiotherapy or chemotherapy in childhood and eliminate the risk of a therapy-induced secondary malignancy.

Down syndrome at birth not detected by first-trimester chorionic villus sampling.

A case of a false-negative first-trimester diagnosis following chorionic villus sampling is reported that ended with the birth of a child with Down syndrome. Chromosome analysis of 30 metaphases from 24 h-cultured chorionic villi obtained in week 12 of gestation showed a normal chromosome constitution. However, the newborn showed manifestations of Down syndrome, and 99 of 100 metaphases analysed from cultured lymphocytes showed 47, XY, + 21. The remaining metaphase was normal (46, XY).