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BACKGROUND@#The addition of growth factiors is commonly applied to improve the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. However, for human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), their complex differentiation processes result in the unknown effect at different stages. In this study, we focused on the widely used bone forming peptide-1 (BFP-1) and investigated the effect and mechanisms of its addition on the osteogenic induction of hPSCs as a function of the supplementation period. @*METHODS@#Monolayer-cultured hPSCs were cultured in osteogenic induction medium for 28 days, and the effect of BFP-1 peptide addition at varying weeks was examined. After differentiation for varying days (0, 7, 14, 21 and 28), the differentiation efficiency was determined by RT–PCR, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and alizarin red staining assays. Moreover, the expression of marker genes related to germ layers and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was investigated at day 7. @*RESULTS@#Peptide treatment during the first week promoted the generation of mesoderm cells and mesenchymal-like cells from hiPSCs. Then, the upregulated expression of osteogenesis marker genes/proteins was detected in both hESCs and hiPSCs during subsequent inductions with BFP-1 peptide treatment. Fortunately, further experimental design confirmed that treating the BFP-1 peptide during 7–21 days showed even better performance for hESCs but was ineffective for hiPSCs. @*CONCLUSION@#The differentiation efficiency of cells could be improved by determining the optimal treatment period.Our study has great value in maximizing the differentiation of hPSCs by adding osteogenesis peptides based on the revealed mechanisms and promoting the application of hPSCs in bone tissue regeneration.
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With the development of patient-centered medical model,patient values and preferences have become a hot research topic.This paper starts from the concept of patients'values and preferences,analyzes the important importance of patients'values and preferences;Based on the published literature,the importance of patients'values and preferences in the development of acupuncture clinical guidelines,the positive role in doctor-patient co-decision,the value of patients'cognition and value promotion in acupuncture"Deqi"were sorted out,and the influencing factors of patients'values and preferences and acupuncture compliance were summarized.According to the influencing factors,the corresponding solutions were proposed to help patients establish correct values,and thus improve patients'acupuncture compliance.
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With the increasing popularity of acupuncture therapy in the world, the safety of acupuncture has attracted more attention. The objective and impartial assessment of the safety of acupuncture becomes very important. The "adverse events of acupuncture" and "adverse reactions of acupuncture" are the common concepts in the research of acupuncture safety. In the paper, on the basis of the conceptual characteristics of "adverse events" and "adverse reactions" and in combination with the particular characteristics of acupuncture itself, the connation and features of the concepts of the "adverse events of acupuncture" and "adverse reactions of acupuncture" are analyzed. The interaction and differences are summarized. Both "adverse events of acupuncture" and "adverse reactions of acupuncture" are in the category of adverse medical events. The "adverse events of acupuncture" includes the damages induced by acupuncture therapy and also those without relationship with acupuncture therapy. The "adverse reactions of acupuncture" refers to the adverse outcomes induced by acupuncture therapy specially. It has the definite relationship with acupuncture therapy. Hence, the application of "adverse reactions of acupuncture" is more objective and accurate in the assessment of acupuncture safety.
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As a kind of intervention measures of traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture-moxibustion is highly adopted on global clinical practice. Even though the global clinical trial registration system was established more than 10 years ago, the proportion of acupuncture-moxibustion clinical trial registration is still very low; and it is very problematic on the methodological quality and report quality in the published acupuncture-moxibustion clinical trials. In order to manage particularly the acupuncture-moxibustion clinical trials, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, collaborated with China Association of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and World Federation of Acupuncture Societies, established the Acupuncture-Moxibustion Clinical Trail Registry (AMCTR). AMCTR is a secondary registry platform affiliated to the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), specifically for the acceptance and management of clinical trials in the field of acupuncture and moxibustion. It is a nonprofit academic organization, located in China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences.
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Objective To explore the in vitro fungistasis of nanometer silvers made by different methods on Candida al-bicans .Methods The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of Candida albicans strains stimulated to silver nanoparticles were determined by microdilution method .The combination effects of silver nanoparticles with fluconazole were determined by chess board check assay .Results The inhabitation effect of two kinds of silver nanoparticles were different on the growth of Candida albicans .Silver nanoparticles had a synergistic effect with fluconazole on Candida albicans .Conclusion The two kinds of silver nanoparticles had various antifungal activities in vitro and had a synergistic effect with fluconazole on Candida albicans .
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Objective To investigate the protective effects and mechanism of TG 6 on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury . Methods the protective effects of TG 6 on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion was investigated by setting up models of ischemia and reperfusion of rats induced by ligating the left coronary anterior descending artery in vivo,isolated rat hearts through an improved Lange-ndorff device, and hypoxia /reoxygenation injury of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes , and the serum CK,LDH,T-SOD, MDA were taken as research markers .Results TG6 significantly reduced the myocardial infarct size , decreased the activity of CK and the content of MDA in serum, reduced the activity of LDH, and increased the activity of T-SOD in vivo;TG6 obviously increased the coronary blood flow after low rate perfusion and reperfusion , decreased the content of MDA and the leakage of CK , LDH in myocardial tissue , elevated the activity of T-SOD in vitro of isolated rat hearts;TG6 had no effects on cells in normal growth condition , raised the viability of cardio-myocytes significantly, and reduced the rate of CK leakage and the content of [Ca2+]i obviously in Na2S2O4 treated cells in vitro of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes .Conclusion TG6 could effectively protect myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury .