RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) is an anterior approach to the lumbar plexus block and provides the effective adjunctive analgesia for total hip arthroplasty (THA). METHODS: As a case series study, 28 patients (≥ 65 years old) with THA were received a modified in-plane ultrasound-guided supra-inguinal (S-FICB) as an analgesic adjunct to evaluate the analgesic effectiveness and the local anesthetic diffusion with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A combination of propofol and sufentanil was administered to conduct target-controlled infusion. RESULTS: The pain scores were 1 (0-4), 2 (1-5), 3 (1-6) and 3 (1-6) at 4, 8, 12, and 24 h. The cumulative opioids were 8 (8-12), 18 (16-32), 28 (24-54) and 66 (48-104) mg of i.v. morphine equivalents at 4, 8, 12, and 24 h. The patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) times were 0 (0-1), 1 (0-2), 2 (0-5) and 5 (3-8) at 4, 8, 12, and 24 h. In lateral, anterior and medial part of thigh, the sensory blockade in 28 patients was 23 (82 %), 21 (75 %) and 19 (68 %) at 5 min; 28 (100 %) at 10 and 20 min. Motor blockade of femoral nerve (FN) and obturator nerve (ON) was present in 13 (46 %) and 3 (11 %) patients at 5 min, 24 (86 %) and 9 (32 %) at 10 min, 26 (93 %) and 11 (39 %) at 20 min. Injectate permeated to the FN and extended superiorly over the surface of iliac muscle (IM) and pectineus muscle (PM) in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: The modified S-FICB has provided an effective postoperative analgesic adjunct after THA with the satisfactory blockade of femoral (FN), obturator (ON) and sciatic (SN) nerves, especially for ON, when compared with the existing techniques.
Asunto(s)
Analgesia/métodos , Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera , Bloqueo Nervioso/métodos , Dolor Postoperatorio/tratamiento farmacológico , Ultrasonografía Intervencional/métodos , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Plexo Lumbosacro/diagnóstico por imagen , Plexo Lumbosacro/efectos de los fármacos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Masculino , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Ketamine, though widely used in pediatric anesthesia, may induce cortical neurotoxicity in young patients. This study focused on an in vitro model of rat brain embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived neurons to investigate the effects of microRNA-107 (miR-107) on ketamine-induced neural injury. Rat brain ESCs were proliferated in vitro and differentiated toward neuronal fate. Ketamine induced neural injury in ESC-derived neurons was inspected by TUNEL and neurite growth assays. Ketamine-induce aberrant miR-107 expression was examined by qRT-PCR. MiR-107 was downregulated in ESCs through lentiviral transduction. Its effect on ketamine-induced neural injury in ESC-derived neurons was then examined. Potential downstream target of miR-107, brain derived neurotrophin factor (BDNF), was inspected by dual-luciferase reporter assay and qRT-PCR. BDNF was knocked down, through siRNA transfection, in NSCs to investigate its functional involvement in miR-107 mediated neural protection in ketamine-injured NSC-derived neurons. Ketamine induced apoptosis, neurite degeneration, and upregulated miR-107 in NSC-derived neurons. Lentivirus-mediated miR-107 downregulation attenuated ketamine-induced neural injury. BDNF was proven to be directly and inversely regulated by miR-107 in NSC-derived neurons. SiRNA-mediated BDNF inhibition reversed the protective effect of miR-107 downregulation on ketamine injury in NSC-derived neurons. MiR-107 / BDNF was demonstrated to be an important epigenetic signaling pathway in regulating ketamine-induced neural injury in cortical neurons. © 2018 The Authors. IUBMB Life published by Wiley Periodicals,Inc. on behalf of International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology., 71(1):20-27, 2019.
Asunto(s)
Factor Neurotrófico Derivado del Encéfalo/genética , MicroARNs/genética , Neurogénesis/genética , Neuronas/metabolismo , Anestesia/efectos adversos , Animales , Apoptosis/genética , Lesiones Encefálicas/inducido químicamente , Diferenciación Celular/genética , Células Madre Embrionarias/efectos de los fármacos , Células Madre Embrionarias/metabolismo , Regulación del Desarrollo de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Ketamina/efectos adversos , MicroARNs/antagonistas & inhibidores , Neuritas/efectos de los fármacos , Neuritas/patología , Neuronas/patología , Síndromes de Neurotoxicidad/genética , Síndromes de Neurotoxicidad/patología , ARN Interferente Pequeño/genética , Ratas , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are still a major health threats worldwide. Traditional surveillance methods involving manual surveillance by infection control practitioners (ICPs) for data collection processes are laborious, inefficient, and generate data of variable quality. In this study, we sought to evaluate the impact of surveillance and interaction platform system (SIPS) for HAIs surveillance compared to manual survey in tertiary general hospitals. METHODS: A large multi-center study including 21 tertiary general hospitals and 63 wards were performed to evaluate the impact of electronic SIPS for HAIs. RESULTS: We collected 4,098 consecutive patients and found that the hospitals installed with SIPS significantly increased work efficiency of ICPs achieving satisfactory diagnostic performance of HAIs with 0.73 for sensitivity, 0.81 for specificity and 0.81 area under the curve (AUC). However, there were significant heterogeneity own to regions, time of SIPS installation, departments and sample size. CONCLUSIONS: SIPS significantly improved ICPs efficiency and HAIs monitoring effectiveness, but there were shortcomings such as untimely maintenance and high cost.