Social Representations of Older Adults Among Chilean Elders of Three Cities with Different Historical and Sociodemographic Background.

The study was aimed to explore social representations of older adults among Chilean people aged 70 or more, living in three cities with differences in historical, geographic, and sociodemographic characteristics and to explore the importance of the local context on their shaping. Multiple correspondence analysis was employed to analyze the terms produced through free-word association technique, by 741 people. The two first dimensions explained 62.4 % of the inertia and showed that the contribution of city of residence was several times higher than the average; the contribution of gender and educational level was higher than average as well. The northern city representations were characterized by positive terms, whereas more negative contents were characteristic of the city of the center, and terms without an explicitly positive or negative assessment were associated to the southern city. These findings reinforce the relevance of the local sociocultural context in shaping social representations of old age and stress the importance of considering particular regional features in the design of policies and interventions aimed to recognize and integrate older adults in Chile.

Subjective Assessments of Quality of Life Are Independently Associated with Depressive Symptoms among Older Adults Enrolled in Primary Care in Chile.

In Chile, depressive symptoms are highly prevalent among Chilean older adults, and research that examines the factors associated with them is scarce. This study aimed to determine if subjective assessments of quality of life are associated with positive screen for depressive symptoms among older adults enrolled in primary care in Chile. The participants of the study were people aged 70 years or more enrolled in primary care centers in three Chilean cities. The 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale was used to determine depressive symptoms. Multivariate logistic models were used to determine the associations. Overall, 17.28% men, and 26.47% women (p = 0.003) screened positive for depression. Subjective assessments of quality of life, including self-perceived health, memory, quality of life, and pain, were associated with a positive screen for depression. Only 17.65% of men and 43.55% of women who screened positive for depressive symptoms reported a diagnosis of depression. Assessments of quality of life in health checks of older adults in primary care could contribute to narrow the diagnosis and treatment gap by improving the ability to identify those who are more likely to experience depressive symptoms.

Use of a Smartphone-Based Augmented Reality Video Conference App to Remotely Guide a Point of Care Ultrasound Examination.

Reports on the use of various smartphone-based video conference applications to guide point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) examinations in resource-limited settings have been described. However, the use of an augmented reality-enabled smartphone video conference application in this same manner has not been described. Presented is a case in which such as application was used to remotely guide a point of care ultrasound examination.

Platos olvidados o de consumo ocasional en la gastronomía española: Navarra / Forgotten dishes or occasional consumption in Spanish gastronomy: Navarra

La gastronomía navarra goza de una gran personalidad y fuerte raíces históricas, aunque comparte elementos con la cocina de País Vasco, La Rioja, Aragón y Francia en diferentes aspectos. La tierra fértil bañada por el rio Ebro en la mitad sur del territorio y los prados y bosques de las montañas de la mitad norte proporcionan los ingredientes de excelente calidad: frutas, verduras, hortalizas, setas, carne de caza, carne y leche procedente de ganado criado en libertad y excelentes vinos. (AU)

Navarran gastronomy has a great personality and strong historical roots, although it shares elements with the cuisine of the Basque Country, La Rioja, Aragon and France in different aspects. The fertile land by the river Ebro in the southern half of the territory and the meadows and forests of the mountains in the northern half provide excellent quality ingredients: fruits, vegetables, mushrooms, game meat, meat and milk from free-range cattle and excellent wines. (AU)

[Global self-rated health and mortality in older people]. / Autopercepción de salud general y mortalidad en adultos mayores.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between global self-rated health and mortality in older people. METHODS: A systematic review was performed. The inclusion criteria were longitudinal studies that assessed self-rated health with a single general question and samples of community-dwelling persons aged 60 years or more. Electronic databases were searched and references were reviewed. RESULTS: We selected 18 studies published between 1993 and 2011. Six out of seven studies that analyzed men and women found a higher risk of dying among persons who rated their health as poor; the most frequent covariables were age, gender, chronic diseases, and functional status. Half of the studies that analyzed only men or women found a significant association. The effect of self-reported health on mortality was observed among people younger than 75 years. Results were not dependent on the length of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The results confirm previous findings suggesting that a negative self-rating of general health predicts mortality. The mechanisms through which this indicator may predict mortality among older people could differ in men and women and need to be elucidated. The role of depression should be investigated, considering that the effect of self-rated health on mortality was not present when depression was included.

Autopercepción de salud general y mortalidad en adultos mayores / Global self-rated health and mortality in older people

Objetivo Explorar la asociación entre autopercepción de salud general negativa y mortalidad en adultos mayores. Método Revisión sistemática cuyos criterios de inclusión fueron estudios longitudinales, evaluación de la autopercepción de salud mediante una pregunta sobre salud general, muestras de personas de 60 años o más de edad que vivieran en la comunidad. Búsqueda en bases de datos electrónicas y revisión de referencias. Resultados Se seleccionaron 18 estudios publicados entre 1993 y 2011. Seis de los siete que analizaban muestras de ambos sexos encontraban mayor riesgo de morir en las personas que calificaban su salud como mala; las covariables más frecuentes eran la edad, el sexo, las enfermedades crónicas y el estado funcional. La mitad de los estudios que analizaban sólo hombres o mujeres encontró que la asociación era significativa. El efecto de la autopercepción de la salud sobre la mortalidad se observaba en las personas menores de 75 años. El tiempo de seguimiento no influía en los resultados. Conclusiones Los resultados apoyan los hallazgos previos respecto a que la autopercepción de la salud general negativa predice la mortalidad. Es necesario dilucidar los mecanismos por los que este indicador puede predecir la mortalidad en los adultos mayores, que pueden ser diferentes para hombres y mujeres. Se sugiere investigar el papel de la depresión, considerando que el efecto de la autopercepción de la salud sobre la mortalidad no estaba presente en los estudios que la incluían (AU)

Objective To explore the association between global self-rated health and mortality in older people. Methods A systematic review was performed. The inclusion criteria were longitudinal studies that assessed self-rated health with a single general question and samples of community-dwelling persons aged 60 years or more. Electronic databases were searched and references were reviewed. Results We selected 18 studies published between 1993 and 2011. Six out of seven studies that analyzed men and women found a higher risk of dying among persons who rated their health as poor; the most frequent covariables were age, gender, chronic diseases, and functional status. Half of the studies that analyzed only men or women found a significant association. The effect of self-reported health on mortality was observed among people younger than 75 years. Results were not dependent on the length of follow-up. Conclusions The results confirm previous findings suggesting that a negative self-rating of general health predicts mortality. The mechanisms through which this indicator may predict mortality among older people could differ in men and women and need to be elucidated. The role of depression should be investigated, considering that the effect of self-rated health on mortality was not present when depression was included (AU)