One New Phenolic Compound from Castanea mollissima Shells and its Suppression of HepatomaCell Proliferation and Inflammation by Inhibiting NF-κB Pathway.

Shells of Castanea mollissima (CMS), an agricultural remain and often considered waste from chestnut processing industry, have been proven a resource for traditional Chinese medicine. One new phenol, named castanolB(1), andsix known phenolic compounds (2⁻7) were isolated froma water-soluble extract of CMS. Their chemical structures were determined using preparative HPLC and various spectral analyses, and then were compared to literatures, which indicated the first identification of the seven compounds from C. mollissima. The physicochemical property of compound (2) was also reported for the first time. After antiproliferative screening of compounds (1⁻7) on LPS-induced SMMC-7721 and HepG2 hepatoma cells, castanolB (1) showed the best suppression. CastanolB(1) also significantly induced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, castanolB (1) decreasedsecretion of TNF-α and IL-6. Mechanistically, TLR4⁻NF-κB pathway was inhibited bycastanolB (1) with downregulation of TLR4, IKKß, and NF-κB p65. This study presents a new phenol and shows its profiles of anticancer and anti-inflammation via inhibiting the TLR4⁻NF-κB pathway.

Efficacy of SolitaireTM stent arterial embolectomy in treating acute cardiogenic cerebral embolism / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of Solitaire stent arterial embolectomy in the treatment of acute cardiogenic cerebral embolism.Methods The data of 24 patients who underwent Solitaire stent arterial embolectomy,either alone or in combination with reorganization type tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) intravenous thrombolysis,to treat acute cardiogenic cerebral embolism in our hospital were collected.These results between October 2012 and March 2016 were compared with 21 control patients who were treated using only rtPA Ⅳ thrombolysis.The short-term efficacy,long-term clinical outcomes,complications,and mortality rate of these two groups were compared,and the clinical outcomes of these patients with posterior circulation infarction in the two groups were further assessed.Results The time between onset and rt-PA administration in the study group (median time:3.17 h) was significantly shorter than that in the control group (4.00 h,P＜0.05);rt-PA dose used in both two groups was 50 mg.NIHSS scores and Glasgow Coma scale scores at discharge,and modified Rankin scale (mRs) scores 3 and 6 months after treatment in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in symptomatic intra-cerebral hemorrhage,high perfusion encephalopathy,incidence of hernia,or mortality between the two groups (P＞0.05).The mRS scores 3 months after treatment in patients with posterior circulation infarction (2) were significantly lower than those in the control group (3,P＜0.05).Conclusions As compared with simple venous thrombolytic therapy,Solitaire stent embolectomy can significantly improve short-term neurological function and long-term prognosis in patients with acute cardiogenic cerebral embolism,enhance their life quality,without increasing the complication incidence and mortality rate.It is safe and effective,and patients with posterior circulation infarction can also be treated by arterial embolectomy.

TFP5 protects MPP+ induced PC12 cell apoptosis by specifically inhibiting cyclin-dependent kinase 5/p25activity / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To determine whether the apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by MPP+ can be protected when the activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 5(CDK5)/p25 is inhibited specifically by TFP5.Methods The 100 μg/L of beta nerve growth factor (β-NGF) was used to induce PCI2 cells differentiating into dopaminergic neurons in vitro.Different concentrations of MPP+ (0,100,200,300,400,600,800 and 1000 μmol/L) were added to the cells;CCK8 assay was used to determine the cell activities and adequate concentration of MPP+.After induction,four groups were designed:PBS and PBS group,MPP+ and PBS group,MPP+ and TFP5 group,and MPP+ and Roscovitine group.Pretreatment of TFP5 and Roscovitne for 12 h was given to the MPP+ and TFP5 group and MPP+ and Roscovitine group,respectively.Hochest33258 staining and flow cytometry were used to detect the cell apoptosis.Western blotting was used to detect the protein expressions ofp35/25,caspase3,cleaved caspase3.Results CCK8 assay showed that the survival rate of PC12 cells was (64.84±1.58)％ when the MPP+ concentration was 300 μmol/L.Flow cytometry indicated significant differences in the apoptosis rate between different groups,which was the highest in MPP+ and PBS group ([25.61±2.74]％),following by MPP+ and TFP5 group ([13.33±1.24]％),MPP+ and Roscovitine group ([9.94±1.70]％),and PBS and PBS group ([8.68±0.21]％);significant difference was noted between MPP+ and TFP5 group and MPP+ and Roscovitine group (P＜0.05).Hochest33258 staining indicated the most obvious nucleus condensation and fragmentation and more apoptotic bodies in MPP+ and PBS group,While few apoptotic bodies were found in MPP+ and TFP5 group and MPP+ and Roscovitine group.Western blotting showed that as compared with that in the PBS and PBS group,the p25 protein level in the MPP+ and PBS group,MPP+ and TFP5 group,and MPP+ and Roscovitine group was significantly increased (P＜0.05).The cleaved caspase-3 protein expression in the MPP+ and PBS group was significantly higher than that in the PBS and PBS group (P＜0.05);the cleaved caspase-3 protein expression in the MPP+ and PBS group was significantly higher than that in the MPP+ and TFP5 group (P＜0.05).Conclusion TFP5 has protective effect against the apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by MPP+ through inhibiting the CDK5/p25 expression and reducing the cleaved caspase-3 protein production.

Clinical analysis of patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis: a report of 3 cases / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To explore the clinical features,laboratory test results,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis.Methods A retrospectives analysis of clinical characteristics,laboratory test,treatment and prognosis of 3 patients with NMDRA encephalitis,admitted to our hospital from February 2012 to November 2014,was performed in our study.Results The most predominant symptoms of 3 patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis included fever,psychiatric behavioral disturbances,seizures,orofacial dyskinesias and movement disorders and autonomic dysfunction.One patient had immature ovarian teratoma and one had mature mediastinal teratoma.Anti-NMDAR antibody was positive in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of two patients with teratoma,and anti-NMDAR antibody was positive in cerebrospinal fluid and negative in serum of one patient without tumour;all three patients showed abnormal electroencephalography,and 2 had increased signal on MR imaging T2 sequences or fluid-attenuated inversion.Patients were responsive to early immunotherapy and tumour resection.Conclusion The patient with NMDAR encephalitis presented with characteristic clinical manifestations;detection of anti-NMDAR antibody in serum and cerebrospinal fluid may be important for early diagnosis;early immunotherapy and tumour resection are effective for patients with NMDAR encephalitis.

Changes of cerebrovascular reserve of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome patients evaluated by transcranial cerebral Doppler and its relationship with stroke / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the changes ofcerebrovascular reserve (CVR) of patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) by transcranial cerebral doppler (TCD) and to study its relation with stroke.Methods One hundred and twenty-six patients with OSAHS,admitted to our hospitals from July 2012 to January 2013 and diagnosed as having OSAHS,were chosen in our study;they were divided into mild OSAHS group (n=49),moderate OSAHS group (n=44) and severe OSAHS group (n=33) according to test results of polysomnography (PSG).Another 40 healthy controls were collected.The CVR of all subjects were evaluated by TCD merging with CO2 experiment and compared among different groups.All the subjects were accepted continued two-year follow-up and recorded the accidents of stroke.The morbidities of stroke were compared between different groups.Results As compared with those in the control group and mild OSAHS group,all of the contractile reserve,dilatation reserve and overall reserve descended in moderate OSAHS group and severe OSAHS group with statistically significant differences (P＜0.05).As compared with those in the moderate OSAHS group,all of the contractile reserve,dilatation reserve and overall reserve descended in severe OSAHS group,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).In the two years of follow-up,the incidence of stroke in the severe OSAHS group (12.12％) was significantly higher than that in the control group (0％),mild OSAHS group (0％) and moderate OSAHS group (4.55％,P＜0.05).Conclusion The heavier the condition of OSAHS,the more obviously descended the CVR;the stroke morbidity of severe OSAHS patients is increased significantly.

Bronchial Intubation of General Anesthesia and Lower Respiratory Tract Infection: An Exploration of Their Relationship / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between intubation of general anesthesia and lower respiratory tract infection.METHODS Totally 947 cases were divided into bronchial intubation group(groupⅠ,541 cases) and(tracheal) intubation group(groupⅡ,406 cases) for a retrospective analysis about lower respiratory tract(infection).The(sputum) samples of(infected) patients were took germiculture and antibiotic susceptibility.RESULTS There were 26 cases arisen lower respiratory tract infection in group Ⅰ and there were 18 in group Ⅱ.The(incidence) was 4.81% and 4.43%,respectively.86.36% pathogens of sputum samples were non-zymophytes,it was a direct proportion between high(antimicrobial) resistance rate and lower respiratory tract infection rate.The infection rate of 60-70 years old and under 49 years patients was 9.56% and 2.04%,respectively.The infection rate of(patients) undergoing anesthesia less 3h and over 3h was 3.26% and 6.14%,respectively,with significant(differences)(P

Arsenic Levels in Hair and Urine Before and After Water Supply Improved in Endemic Arsenism Areas in Xinjiang / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To know the effect of water supply improvement on prevention and control of the endemic arsenism. Methods 35 residents aged 45-65 years (21 male, 14 female) in a high arsenic area were selected for determination of urine arsenic, 21 residents aged 45-65 years (14 male, 7 female) in another high arsenic area for determination of hair arsenic and the residents in the control area were also selected. Results 16 years after the water supply improved (concentration of arsenic

Detection of p53 Gene Mutation in Endemic Arsenism Patients by PCR-SSCP / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To study whether arsenic can induce p53 gene mutation in the lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and the skin cancer tissue of the patients with endemic arsenism in Xinjiang. Methods PCR-SSCP silver staining technique was employed to detect the mutation of exon E5-9 of p53 gene. Results Gel electrophoresis imaging demonstrated Exon E6, 7 of p53 gene appeared abnormal strips, strip absence and strip shift. Conclusion Arsenic can induce p53 gene mutation, the mutation sites located on exon E6,7.

Immunohistochemical study on STAT_3 change after focal cerebral ischemic reperfusive injury in rats / 临床神经病学杂志

Objective To explore the expression of singal transducers and activators of transcription(STAT 3) during focal cerebral ischemic reperfusive injury in rats and the relationship between ischemic neuronal damage and it.Methods Using immunohistochemical method of avidinbiotin peroxidase complex (ABC) we observed the distribution of positive cells in STAT 3 protein immunoreaction after focal cerebral ischemic reperfusive injury in rats.Results STAT 3 immunoreactive positive cells were not found in the cortex and striatum of normal and sham operative rat brains and nonischemic hemisphere brain after cerebral ischemia,small amount of STAT 3 immunity positive cells were induced in the embolism la teral infarction area 12 h after reperfusive injury,and peaked after 24 h,especially in ischemic lateral striatum and around cortex,small number of nerve cells in around infarction still showed positive expression after one week.The difference had remarkable significance( P

Effects of inflammatory mediator blocker on neurological deficits,apoptosis and expression of caspase-3 following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats / 临床神经病学杂志

Objective To explore the effects of inflammatory mediator blocker AG490 on neurological deficits,apoptosis and expression of caspase-3 following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) in rats.Methods The male SD rats were randomly divided into the groups sham-operation,I/R,saline and AG490;and the focal cerebral I/R models were made by middle cerebral artery thread embolism method.AG490(1 mg/kg) was intraperitoneal injection in AG490 group immediate and 12 h after ischemia-reperfusion respectively.The neurological deficits score was evaluated in 24 h after I/R in each group.The number of apoptosis in cerebral tissue was examined by d-utp nick end labeling staining(TUNEL).The expression of P-JAK2,P-STAT3,caspase-3 were detected by Western Blot.Results Compared with the groups I/R and saline,the neurological deficits score in AG490 group was significantly decreased(all P