[Study of the possibility of emtricitabine extraction from biomaterial]. / Izuchenie vozmozhnosti ekstraktsii emtritsitabina iz biologicheskogo materiala.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Is to investigate the opportunity of emtricitabine extraction from biomaterial and to develop method of emtricitabine chemicotoxicological analysis while acute poisoning. This research represents the methods of emtricitabine isolation from urine, plasma and liver samples (rats of Wistar line weighing 180 g) using liquid-liquid extraction. The identification and quantitation methods of emtricitabine in extractions by thin-layer chromatography, ultraviolet spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography methods were described. The emtricitabine was found extracted from urine with a therapeutic dose of 6.65±2.21 µg/ml and a toxic dose 35.81±1.05 µg/ml, from plasma with a therapeutic dose of 2.91±0.19 µg/ml and a toxic dose of 16.88±0.90 µg/ml.

[Determination of abacavir in biological objects for the purpose of chemical and toxicological analysis]. / Opredelenie abakavira v biologicheskikh ob"ektakh dlya tselei khimiko-toksikologicheskogo analiza.

Purpose - to develop a technique for isolating abacavir, as well as its detection and quantification in biological objects. Extraction of abacavir from centrifuges was carried out with chloroform at pH 8 in the presence of an electrolyte saturated solution of (NH4)2SO4 once for 3 minutes. The determination of abacavir in extracts from urine, saliva and liver was carried out by thin-layer chromatography in the system of ethyl acetate: trichloromethane: ammonia, a concentrated solution of 25% (17:4:1) ascending method, UV spectrophotometry in a medium of hydrochloric acid 0.1 M, where the absorption spectrum abacavir is characterized by an absorption maximum at a wavelength of 297±1 nm, high performance liquid chromatography, during which one peak with a retention time of 9.5 min was observed on the chromatogram of a standard sample, which coincided with the retention time of abacavir obtained after extraction from biological objects.

[Investigation of the distribution of (±)-N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-(para-trifluoromethyl) phenoxypropylamine hydrochloride in the body of warm-blooded animals]. / Izuchenie raspredeleniya (±)-N-metil-3-fenil-3-(para-triftormetil) fenoksipropilamina gidrokhlorida v organizme teplokrovnykh zhivotnykh.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Was to investigate the distribution of (±)-N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-(para-trifluoromethyl) phenoxypropylamine hydrochloride (fluoxetine) in the body of warm-blooded animals. For the experiments, Wistar rats were used. Fluoxetine was isolated from animal organs and bio-liquids by liquid-liquid extraction. Thin layer chromatography, UV spectrophotometry, and high performance liquid chromatography were used for identification and quantification. Techniques for isolating fluoxetine from urine, blood, intestinal contents, kidneys, and liver samples using liquid-liquid extraction are presented. Methods for identification and quantitative determination of fluoxetine in extracts by thin layer chromatography, UV spectrophotometry, and high performance liquid chromatography are described. The greatest amount of fluoxetine was found in the kidneys - 12.94±2.18 mg/100 g, the small intestine with contents - 9.50±1.90 mg/100 g and liver - 9.28±1.37 mg/100 g.

[Chemical and toxicological determination of lamivudine in biological substances]. / Khimiko-toksikologicheskoe opredelenie lamivudina v biologicheskikh ob''ektakh.

The purpose of the study is to develop a method for detecting, isolating and quantifying lamivudine in biological substances. Lamivudine was isolated by liquid-liquid and solid phase extraction. The conditions for isolating lamivudine (extractant, pH of the medium, electrolyte, time and frequency of extraction) from aqueous solutions were selected and methods were developed for isolating it from biological substances, including urine, saliva and liver, using liquid-liquid and solid phase extraction methods. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of lamivudine in extracts from urine, saliva and liver was performed by thin layer chromatography, UV spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. A validation assessment of the developed techniques indicates their suitability for chemical and toxicological analysis of lamivudine.

[Relation of changes in the content and activity of rat liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 to the intensification of lipid peroxidation under stress]. / O sviazi izmenenii soderzhaniia i aktivnosti mikrosomal'nogo tsitokhroma P-450 pecheni krys s intensifikatsiei perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov pri stressovykh vozdeistviiakh.

The content of cytochromes and aminopyrine demethylase activity of rat liver microsomes were studied after 3 hours of swimming, adrenaline administration, and immobilization of the animals. Immobilization and swimming resulted in a short-term 19-25% decrease in the content of cytochrome P-450. Administration of adrenaline entailed a more prolonged and appreciable reduction in the content of both cytochrome P-450 and cytochrome b5. These changes were preceded by intensification of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the liver. After the exposures described the pattern of changes in demethylase activity of microsomes was more complex than the changes in the content of cytochrome P-450. It is assumed that the decreased content of cytochrome P-450 in the endoplasmic liver reticulum is a non-specific body reaction to stress exposures and that this reaction is related to the intensification of LPO in animal tissues.