Dutch Multidisciplinary Guideline for Invasive Treatment of Pain Syndromes of the Lumbosacral Spine.

OBJECTIVES: When conservative therapies such as pain medication or exercise therapy fail, invasive treatment may be indicated for patients with lumbosacral spinal pain. The Dutch Society of Anesthesiologists, in collaboration with the Dutch Orthopedic Association and the Dutch Neurosurgical Society, has taken the initiative to develop the guideline "Spinal low back pain," which describes the evidence regarding diagnostics and invasive treatment of the most common spinal low back pain syndromes, that is, facet joint pain, sacroiliac joint pain, coccygodynia, pain originating from the intervertebral disk, and failed back surgery syndrome. METHODS: The aim of the guideline is to determine which invasive treatment intervention is preferred for each included pain syndrome when conservative treatment has failed. Diagnostic studies were evaluated using the EBRO criteria, and studies on therapies were evaluated with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system. For the evaluation of invasive treatment options, the guideline committee decided that the outcome measures of pain, function, and quality of life were most important. RESULTS: The definition, epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanism, diagnostics, and recommendations for invasive therapy for each of the spinal back pain syndromes are reported. DISCUSSION: The guideline committee concluded that the categorization of low back pain into merely specific or nonspecific gives insufficient insight into the low back pain problem and does not adequately reflect which therapy is effective for the underlying disorder of a pain syndrome. Based on the guideline "Spinal low back pain," facet joint pain, pain of the sacroiliac joint, and disk pain will be part of a planned nationwide cost-effectiveness study.

[Multidisciplinary practice guideline 'Invasive treatment of spine related low back pain']. / Multidisciplinaire richtlijn 'Wervelkolomgerelateerde pijnklachten van de lage rug'.

The practice guideline 'Invasive treatment of spine related low back pain' describes the state of the art regarding the diagnosis and value of invasive treatment after failure of conservative treatment in patients with pain symptoms of facet joint pain, pain in the sacroiliac joint, coccygodynia, discogenic pain and the 'failed back surgery syndrome'. There is no consensus on definitions and a classification system for chronic low back pain symptoms. The classification in specific and nonspecific low back pain provides insufficient insight and is unable to show which therapy is effective for which disorder. The guideline working group advises a new classification system for chronic low back pain in degenerative and non-degenerative disorders. After failure of conservative treatment, several specific invasive treatments are recommended; some of these treatments should only be performed in study related settings. Some of the treatments that are currently used in daily practice are inadvisable.