RESUMEN
Significant disruptive events have the potential to change travel behaviour in the long-term. COVID-19 has caused the most significant disruption of travel behaviour in living memory. One of the most notable changes has been the increase in working from home, which was forced upon many workers during lockdowns and 'stay at home' orders. But much is still unknown about the long-term impacts of those changes. This study explores the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on changing work from behaviours using the Transtheoretical Model of behaviour change. The Transtheoretical Model has been widely used to study behaviour change in health, with some application to travel behaviour change. In this paper, we explore whether people's 'stage of change' before COVID-19 has an impact on their long-term intent to work from home. We found that only 12% of respondents had considered working from home more before COVID, yet those that had were far more likely to intend to work from home in the long term. In addition, we unpack the influence of 'process of change' factors, some of which point to a potential 're-norming' of attitudes toward working from home. Although self-efficacy (feeling capable to work from home) was an important factor, it was not as important as the attitudes of employers and colleagues toward working from home. Implications of the findings for research and practice are explored.
RESUMEN
While a large body of literature shows that car share encourages low car ownership, the evidence is rather limited in the context of different types of car share (fleet-based versus peer-to-peer) and geographic settings (inner versus middle suburbs). This study was an in-depth investigation of the impact of (round-trip) car share on ownership, including forgone or delayed purchasing across different car share systems. An online survey was conducted with car share members (n = 651) and non-members (n = 290) in Melbourne, Australia. All respondents had a shared car available within a 10-min walk of their home. The first part of the paper compared member and non-member householders (socio-demographically and geographically adjusted) and found that members owned significantly fewer cars than non-members. In the second part of the paper, a quasi-longitudinal comparison of car share members was conducted. One in three households reduced car ownership, and most reductions occurred in the year prior to joining car share. Fleet-based car share members reported a larger reduction in car ownership compared to peer-to-peer car share members. Residents of inner and middle suburbs of Melbourne reported similar "net" reductions in car ownership, the reasons differed. Residents in densely populated inner suburbs used car share to avoid or delay car ownership while middle suburb residents used car share to avoid purchasing a second car. Findings provide valuable insights for transport policy settings which have the potential to influence car share availability and thereby support broader policy objectives to reduce dependency on private car ownership and use.