[Absorption mechanism of dragon's blood phenolic extracts in Caco-2 cells].

The purpose of this study was to study the absorption characteristics of eight main components from dragon's blood phenolic extracts in Caco-2 cells based on the humancolon cancer cell Caco-2 model, and to clarify the oral absorption mechanism of such phenolic extracts. UPLC-MS/MS was used in this study to determine the content of 8 active ingredients including thevetiaflavone, 7,4'-dihydroxyflavone, 7,4'-dihydroxy-5-methoxyhomoisoflavanone, 7,4'-dihydroxyhomoisoflavanone, loureirin C, loureirin A, loureirin B and pterostilbene from dragon's blood phenolic extracts, and Caco-2 cells were used to investigate the effects of incubation time, concentration, temperature, P-gp inhibitor, MRP inhibitor, OCTN1 inhibitor and OCTN2 inhibitor on the absorption of each component. In addition, the transport experiment was conducted to measure the apparent permeability coefficient P_(app) and transport rate of the eight main components to predict the oral absorption mechanism of dragon's blood phenolic extracts. The experimental results showed that the cell uptake of the eight main components in dragon's blood phenolic extracts was time-dependent and concentration dependent, and the uptake of each component did not need to consume energy, which was consistent with the passive diffusion process. P-gp inhibitor, MRP inhibitor and OCTN1 inhibitor had no effect on the cell uptake of each component, only the addition of OCTN2 inhibitor significantly reduced the uptake of pterostilbene(P<0.05). In the transport results, the ER values of the outflow rates of the eight components were all less than 1.5. The above results show that the absorption mechanism of the eight components in Draconis resina phenolic extract may be passive diffusion, and pterostilbene may be the substrate of OCTN2.

[Preparation and pharmacodynamics in vivo of nano graphene oxide-based matrine in situ gel].

With matrine(MAT) as the model drug, to prepare nano graphene oxide(NGO)-based MAT in situ gel(MAT-NGO-gel), a kind of drug for tumor treatment in combination with phototheraphy, and investigate the physicochemical properties and anti-tumor effects in vivo of MAT-NGO-gel. First, HPLC method was established to measure the content of MAT in the gel. The ultrasonic method was used to load MAT onto the surface of NGO, and then poloxamer 188 and poloxamer 407 were chosen as the main materials to prepare MAT-NGO-gel. The optimum prescription was selected with the gelation temperature as the index. Finally, the drug loading rate, micromorphology, phototherrmal conversion characteristics and drug release in vitro of MAT-NGO-gel were characterized. In the optimized prescription, the concentration of poloxamer 188 and poloxamer 407 was 2% and 20% respectively, and the mass ratio of NGO and MAT was 1∶1. The gelation temperature and drug loading rate of MAT-NGO-gel prepared by the optimal prescription process was 37.5 ℃ and 16.7%. Under 808 nm laser irradiation, MAT-NGO-gel showed obvious concentration-and time-dependent photothermal conversion characteristics. In vitro release experiments showed that MAT-NGO-gel had temperature-dependent release characteristics. The pharmacodynamics of MAT solution, NGO-gel and MAT-NGO-gel were studied by using S180 tumor-bearing mice and 808 nm laser. The relative tumor volume and body weight of the tumor-bearing mice were plotted over time. After the experiment, the tumor tissues of each group were taken and the histopathological changes were observed by HE staining. The results of pharmacodynamic studies demonstrated that when compared with NS group and NGO-gel group, the body weights of mice in MAT-NGO-gel group and MAT-NGO-gel + laser group were higher, and the relative tumor volume growth was slower. The results of HE stained pathological sections showed that the tumor cells count for the mice in MAT-NGO-gel group and MAT-NGO-gel + laser group was significantly reduced, with obvious nuclear fragmentation and nucleolysis in these two groups. These results suggested that MAT-NGO-gel, especially combined with 808 nm laser, had stronger anti-tumor activity in vivo. The prescription process of MAT-NGO-gel in this experiment was stable and feasible. As compared with MAT solution, MAT-NGO-gel showed obvious sustained and temperature-dependent drug release characteristics. MAT-NGO-gel had much more obvious anti-tumor activity in vivo when combined with 808 nm laser irradiation. This study could provide certain theoretical basis for the therapy of malignant tumor with multiple mechanisms.

Three new anthraquinones from Prismatomeris tetrandra (Roxb.) K. Schum and their protective effects in neuroblastoma cells / 药学学报

Three new anthraquinones were isolated from the 80% ethanol extract of Prismatomeris tetrandra by silica gel, MCI, ODS column chromatography and high performance preparative liquid chromatography (HPLC). The structures of the new compounds were identified by mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance and other spectroscopic methods as 6-hydroxy-1,2,3-trimethoxy-7-methylanthracene-9,10-dione (1), 6-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,3-trimethoxyanthracene-9,10-dione (2) and 7-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2-dimethoxyanthracene-9,10-dione (3). Compounds 1, 2 and 3 showed protective effects against monosodium glutamate-induced damage in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, with the cell survival rates elevated 18.45%, 4.31%, and 7.65%, respectively.

Analysis of target and mechanism of rhynchophylline in treatment of inflammatory bowel disease / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the feasibility and mechanism of rhynchophylline in the treatment of in-rhynchophylline flammatory bowel disease (IBD) based on network pharmacology combined with in vivo and in vitro experiments. Methods The target of rhynchophylline-IBD intersection was obtained from the database, and GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed. The binding of key target proteins was screened by molecular docking. In vivo the IBD model of mice was induced by sodium dextran sulfate (DSS). After seven days of rhynchophylline intervention, the signs of mice in each group were observed and DAI scores were recorded. The levels of interleukin-1β (3 (IL-1 β), my-eloperoxidase (MPO) and other inflammatory factors in colon tissue of mice were detected by ELISA. The intestinal permeability of each group was detected. In vitro experiments were conducted to establish the inflammatory model of Caco2 cells induced by DSS, and to clarify the regulatory effect of leptosinine on key targets. Results A total of 70 rhynchophylline-IBD intersection targets were screened, and enrichment analysis showed that they were related to the inflammatory prooess, PI3K-Akt and Hippo signaling pathway s. Molecular docking results showed that was most stable in binding with JAK2 and JAK1. In vivo experiment results showed that compared with model group, body weight, colon length and weight of rhynchophylline group significantly increased (P < 0. 05). DAI score, IL-1β, MPO and other inflammatory factors in colon tissue and intestinal permeability significantly decreased (P < 0. 01). In vitro experiment results showed that compared with model group, rhynchophylline group significantly promoted the proliferation of Caco2 cells (P < 0. 05). The levels of IL-6 and NO were significantly reduced (P < 0. 05). Western blot results showed that rhynchophylline could decrease the expressions of JAK2 and JAK1 (P < 0. 05). Conclusion Rhynchophylline may play a role in the treatment of IBD by inhibiting the expression of JAK2 and JAK1 proteins and reducing inflammatory response in body.

Research progress in vital pulp therapy in mature permanent teeth with carious pulp exposure / 中华口腔医学杂志

Vital pulp therapy(VPT)is an important pathway to preserve and maintain pulp tissue in a healthy state. VPT has been improved recently as the new progress achieved in pathobiology, bioactive materials and clinical research. The present review summarizes the clinical outcomes and prognostic factors of VPT, including direct pulp capping, partial pulpotomy and full pulpotomy in mature permanent teeth with carious pulp exposure, and briefly introduces the new progress in this field.

Research progress on terpenes and pharmacological effects of Saussurea lappa / 中国中药杂志

Saussurea lappa originates in India, and now mainly grow in Yunnan, Sichuan and other places in China. It is one of the commonly used traditional herbal medicines in Tibet and other minority regions, with effects in regulating qi to relieve pain and invigo-rating spleen to promote food. It has been used in clinic for gastrointestinal diseases, such as Qi stagnation syndrome of spleen and stomach, diarrhea and tenesmus. More than 200 compounds have been identified from S. lappa. Among them, sesquiterpenoids attracted much attention. In terms of the number of compounds, eudesmanetype is dominant, guaiane and germacranetypes have also been reported frequently. Pharmacological studies have involved extracts, volatile oils and monomeric components represented by dehydrocostus lactone. Anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effects on digestive system have attracted great attention. However, due to the complex sources of S. lappa and widely used in clinical practice, there is few research progress on relevant chemical constituents and pharmacological activities. This paper systematically summarizes terpenes and the pharmacological effects of S. lappa, in order to provide basis for further studies and clinical applications.

Development and Application of Automatic Analysis and Surveillance Platform for Chrimerism in Donors and Recipients after Allo-HSCT / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To develop an automated chimeric analysis and reporting platform based on short tandem repeat (STR) and capillary electrophoresis methods for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) so as to improve work efficiency.@*METHODS@#Apache, MySQL, PHP and HTML5 were used to build the database and interface. The STR locus geno typing and chimeric analysis logic and flow were set up on the basis of STR rules and capillary electrophoresis. STR genotyping and 194 times of chimeric testing data of 100 patients after allo-HSCT were used to test the platform for automatic STR locus genotyping, chimeric calculation and report generation.@*RESULTS@#The established platform could realize the functions of STR locus customization, STR genotype determination, automatic chimeric analysis, and detection information database management, which can automatically generate an integrated report including multiple sequential chimeric results and trend graphs for the same patient and can be accessed and used simultaneously by different users through different browser interfaces. The results of automated analysis by the platform are completely consistent with that of manual analysis by experienced technicians, and the possibility of manual analysis error is reduced through automation. The time required for automatic analysis using this platform is approximately 1/6-1/5 of manual analysis.@*CONCLUSION@#The automatic analysis platform built in this study is operation stable and reliable in analysis results, which can improve work efficiency and report connotation, thus worthing popularized and applicable.

Autologous platelet-rich plasma combined with bone grafting in inducing membrane technology / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To compare clinical efficacy of autologous platelet-rich plasma combined with bone grafting and bone grafting in repairing bone defects on the second phase of induced membrane.@*METHODS@#From January 2013 to September 2017, clinical data of 35 patients with bone defects treated by induced membrane technique were retrospectively analyzed. According to different surgical methods, the patients were divided into two groups. In group A, there were 18 patients, including 11 males and 7 females, aged from 17 to 61 years old with an average of(40.4±13.4) years old, the length of bone defect ranged from 3.6 to 18.0 cm with an average of (9.5±4.4) cm; and treated with platelet-rich plasma combined on the second-stage operation. In group B, there were 17 patients, including 11 males and 6 females, aged from 21 to 56 years old with an average of(43.1±12.3) years old, the length of bone defect ranged from 3.1 to 16.3 cm with an average of (9.1±3.7) cm; and treated with simple bone grafting. Operation time, amount of intraoperative blood loss, fracture healing time, the number of bone healing, the number of infection, and the number of complications were compared between two groups.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up for 13 to 39 months with an average of(21.3±1.2) months. Operation time and blood loss in group A was(76.11±25.00) min, (78.89±14.91) ml, and in group B was (65.29±29.66) min, (79.41±20.45) ml; there were no statistical difference between two groups(>0.05). According to imaging results, clinical healing time of bone in group A was (28.78±9.40) weeks, (36.17±9.68) weeks in group B, and had difference between two groups (=2.294, =0.028); there was no statistical difference in numbers of fracture healing between group A (17 cases) and group B (14 cases) (χ²=0.430, =0.512). One patient in group A occurred infection and 6 patients in group B occurred infection, and had statistical difference between two groups (χ²=4.833, =0.028). Two patients in group A occurred complications and 9 patients in group B occurred complications, which had difference between two groups (χ²=7.098, =0.008).@*CONCLUSIONS@#In the induction membrane technique, autologous platelet-rich plasma combined with bone grafting has obvious advantages in treating bone defects, shortening fracture healing time and reducing incidence of complications.

Clinical research progress of Boston type l keratoprosthesis / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

?Boston Type l keratoprosthesis is currently widely used. ln this article, the indication, number of cases, best-corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) , retention, and complications in all the international published case reports will be sum up; then the main post-operative complications and their respective treatments one by one, which include retrospective membrane, glaucoma, infection will be introduced.

Relationship between EGFR and KRAS mutations and prognosis in Chinese patients with non-small cell lung cancer: a mutation analysis with real-time polymerase chain reaction using scorpion amplification refractory mutation system / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the gene mutation of EGFR and KRAS in Chinese patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to analyze the relationship between the gene mutations and the clinicopathological features and EGFR-TKI efficiency.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>EGFR mutation was detected in 120 patients and KRAS mutation in 104 patients with NSCLC in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from March 2009 to December 2010, and the correlation of the gene mutations with the clinicopathological features and EGFR-TKI efficiency was analyzed in the study.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>EGFR mutation was detected in 44 of 120 (36.7%) patients with NSCLC, in which three types of EGFR gene mutations were found: deletion in exon 19, exon 21 L858R (2573T > G) and Exon 21 L861Q (2582T > A) mutations. There were 29(24.2%) patients with EGFR exon 19 deletion, 14 (11.7%) patients with EGFR exon 21 L858R mutation and one (0.8%) with EGFR exon 21 L861Q mutation in the patients. All the mutations were single point mutations, and no multiple points mutations detected. EGFR mutation rate of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were higher than that of non-adenocarcinoma (P = 0.009). EGFR mutation rate was higher in female patients or patients without smoking history than male patients or patients with smoking history (P = 0.014, P = 0.001, respectively) in NSCLC patients. EGFR mutation rate was higher in patients without smoking history or patients with well-differentiated carcinoma than patients with smoking history or patients with moderately-and poorly-differentiated carcinoma (P = 0.008, P = 0.018, respectively). There was no difference in prognosis and EGFR-TKI treatment response rate between EGFR mutation patients and EGFR wild-type patients. Nine (8.7%) patients with KRAS mutation were detected in 104 NSCLC patients. There were four types of KRAS gene mutations detected: KRAS Gly12Ala (GGT > GCT), KRAS Gly12Arg (GGT > CGT), KRAS Gly12Val (GGT > GTT) and KRAS Gly12Cys (GGT > TGT). There were 4 patients with Cys mutation, 2 with Arg mutation, 2 with Val mutation and 1 with multiple points mutation of both Cys and Arg in exon 12. No relationship was found between KRAS mutation and clinicopathological feature either in NSCLC or in adenocarcinoma. Prognosis was worse in patients with KRAS mutation than in wild-type patients (P = 0.008). No patient with both EGFR and KRAS mutation was detected.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>EGFR mutation rate is related with gender, smoking history and pathological type in NSCLC patients, and is also related with differentiation and smoking history in adenocarcinoma patients. And prognosis is worse in patients with KRAS mutation than that with wild type.</p>

Implantation of modified poly 2-hydroxyethy methacrylate-Polymethyl methacrylate keratoprostheses in rabbit and monkey corneas / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the biocolonization of poly 2-hydroxyethy methacrylate (PHEMA) sponge with cornea tissue and evaluate the therapeutic effects of modified porous poly 2-hydroxyethy methacrylate-Polymethyl met-hacrylate (PHEMA-PMMA) Keratoprostheses (KPro) on rabbit and monkey corneas. METHODS:The KPro were made using two-stage polymerization combined with mechanical cutting. The experiment was divided into two groups. In the control group, ten normal rabbit eyes received lamellar implanta-tion of PHEMA sponges. The sponges were obtained 2 weeks, 1,2,3 and 4 months after operation. The cell proliferation and neovascularization inside the sponges were observed using light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunohistochemistry. In the experimental group, the porous PHEMA-PMMA KPros were inserted into the lamellar pockets of eight rabbit corneas and two monkey corneas (stage I operation). The healing process was investigated by slit-lamp microscopy. The anterior lamellar cornea tissues were removed 3 months after surgery, exposing the under-neath transparent core (stage II operation). The operated eyes were then followed up for 3-6 months.light microscope, fibroblasts started to grow into the cornea 2 weeks after operation; lots of cells, accompanied with new blood vessels, invaded into the cornea 2-3 months after surgery. Invading cells of sponge, as well as keratocytes, were positive for vimentin. Under the electron microscope, the invading cells looked healthy and were surrounded by extracellular matrix and collagen. In 8 rabbit eyes which received KPro implantation, anterior lamellar cornea melting happened in two eyes after the stage II operation. The remaining 6 corneas retained their central cores during observation after the stage II operation.Two monkey operated eyes were found no complication thoughout the whole follow-up.cornea. The modified PHEMA-PMMA KPros have obtained a relatively stable results after implantation into animal corneas.

Environment-friendly determination of low concentration azobenzene beta-cyclodextrin-modified electrode / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study environment-friendly determination of azobenzene in trace amounts using beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD)-modified Au electrode.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>beta-CD-modified Au electrode was fabricated with a two-step approach, and then a gold electrode modified with beta-CD was used to detect azobenzene by employing Osteryoung square wave voltammetry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The modified electrode could detect azobenzene, showing a good linearity between the electrochemical current and concentration.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Although the electrochemical current is related with concentration, the detection limit is around 1.0 x 10(-10) mol/L. This study may provide a new environment-friendly approach for monitoring water quality.</p>

Purification and Characterization of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 and Human Serum Albumin Fusion Protein Expressed in Pichia pastoris / 微生物学通报

A fusion protein of glucagons-like peptide-1 and human serum albumin (GLP-1/HSA) was expressed and secreted into the fermentation broth with recombinant Pichia pastoris. The productivity of expressed GLP-1/HSA could reach 63.6mg/L in 10L fermentor. After concentrated with hollow-fiber ultrafiltration membrane, GLP-1/HSA was purified from fermentation broth by hydrophobic chromatography, negative ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography in turn. The HPLC analysis showed that the purified GLP-1/HSA had an overall purity of 95.8%. Furthermore, the analysis of in vivo activity indicated that GLP-1/HSA had the bioactivity of native GLP-1, and could significantly reduce blood glucose level 4h after intraperitoneal administration. It was concluded that a great deal of GLP-1/HSA with higher purity could be harvested by Pichia pastoris expression system and the established purification methods. Preliminary studies show a new potential for developing the long-acting GLP-1 analogs for clinical applications.

Cytobiological characteristic of transplanted autologous free submandibular gland for long-term surviving / 眼科

0.05).Moreover,the growth curves of the two kinds of cells were similar.Con- clusions The cell growth properties of cultured transplanted rabbit SMG are similar to that of normal SMG,the cytobiological charac- teristic of transplanted autologous free rabbit SMG are not changed evidently.