Lymphobronchial Fistula of Tuberculous Lymphadenitis in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / 감염과화학요법

Bronchial invasion of tuberculous lymphadenitis in children has been reported in areas of high tuberculosis (TB) prevalence as a complication due to primary pulmonary tuberculosis. However, it is rare in immunocompetent adults. When it appears, it often presents as a consequence of the reactivation of TB in the lung parenchyma. Primary TB occurs more frequently in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with a history of organ transplants, or undergoing immunosuppressive treatments such as steroids. Furthermore, bronchial invasion of the bronchus by tuberculous lymphadenitis is considered to be very rare even among immunocompromised adults with primary TB, and has never before been reported in Korea. The authors report a case of bronchial invasion of the bronchus by tuberculous lymphadenitis, confirmed by bronchoscopy, in an Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patient.

A Case of Splenic Infarction Complicating Lymphoma

Splenic infarcts are comparatively less common lesions. Caused by the occlusion of the major splenic artery or any of its branches, they are almost always due to emboli that arise in the heart. The spleen, along with the kidneys and brain, ranks as one of the most frequent sites of localization of systemic emboli. Infarcts may be small or large, multiple or single, and sometimes involve the entire organ. Usually these infarcts are of the bland anemic type. Septic infarcts are found in vegetative endocarditis of the valves of the left side of the heart. Much less often, infarcts in the spleen are caused by local thromboses, especially in leukemia, myeloproliferative syndrome, sickle cell anemia, polyarteritis nodosa, Hodgkin's disease, and bacteremic diseases. We experienced a rather unusual splenic infarction due to lymphoma in a 80-year-old man.

Splenic Infarction, and Common Hepatic Artery and Pulmonary Emboli after Histoacryl(R)(N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate) Injection for Control of Variceal Bleeding

Bleeding from esophageal and gastric varices is a life-threatening complication for patients with liver cirrhosis. Endoscopic injection of Histoacryl(R)(N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate) has been reported to be an effective therapy for variceal bleeding; however, distal embolization of unwanted areas has been described in some cases with a fatal outcome. A change in the rationale of treatment of variceal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis was not advocated because of the infrequency of such cases. We report two cases of splenic infarction with celiac trunk and pulmonary emboli as serious complications of Histoacryl(R) injection.