Impact of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Combined with Bariatric Surgery Targeting Opioid Prescriptions (BSTOP) Protocol on Patient Outcomes, Length of Stay and Opioid Prescription After Bariatric Surgery.

BACKGROUND: Evidence shows that 14.2% of opioid-naive patients have long-term opioid dependence after bariatric surgery. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols are widely used in bariatric surgery, while bariatric surgery targeting opioid prescriptions (BSTOP) protocols were recently introduced. We will investigate the combined impact of ERAS and BSTOP protocols after bariatric surgery. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review for patients who underwent either a sleeve gastrectomy or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass at a tertiary care center. Pre-intervention and post-intervention data were compared. Primary outcomes were length of stay (LOS), 30-day readmission, 30-day complications, and discharge on opioids. Multivariate Poisson regression with robust standard error was used to analyze LOS. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in 30-day emergency room visits (3.3% vs. 4.0%; p value = 0.631), 30-day readmission (4.4% vs. 5.4%; p value = 0.577) or 30-day complication rate (4.2% vs. 6.4%; p value = 0.199). LOS was significantly lower in the post-intervention group; mean (interquartile range) 2 (1-2) days vs. 1 (1-2) day, p value < 0.001. On multivariate analysis, the post-intervention group had 0.74 (95% confidence interval 0.65-0.85; p value < 0.001) times lower LOS as compared to pre-intervention group. Patients with DM had a significantly longer LOS (relative risk: 1.22; p = 0.018). No other covariates were associated with LOS (p value < 0.05 for all). BSTOP analysis found a significant difference between the two groups. Discharge on opioids decreased from 40.6% pre-intervention to 7.1% post-intervention. CONCLUSION: ERAS and BSTOP protocols reduced length of stay and opioid need at discharge without an increase in complication or readmission rates.

Percutaneous Biliary Endoscopy.

Biliary endoscopy is underutilized by interventional radiologists and has the potential to become an effective adjunctive tool to help both diagnose and treat a variety of biliary pathology. This is particularly true in cases where endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography fails or is not feasible due to surgically altered anatomy. Both preoperative clinical and technical procedural factors must be taken into consideration prior to intervention. In this article, clinical evaluation, perioperative management, and procedural techniques for percutaneous biliary endoscopy are reviewed.

Percutaneous Interventional Radiology-Operated Endoscopy for Foreign Body Removal.

Image-guided retrieval of endovascular devices such as inferior vena cava filters, guidewires, and stents is well reported, though there is a paucity of published reports on biliary, genitourinary, or gastrointestinal foreign body retrieval utilizing percutaneous endoscopy, particularly when it is performed solely by interventional radiologists. In cases of failed traditional endoscopic techniques or to evade more invasive surgical options, percutaneous endoscopy can be an adjunctive tool employed by interventional radiologists to extract foreign bodies. In this article, clinical evaluation, perioperative management, and procedural techniques for biliary, genitourinary, and gastrointestinal endoscopy for foreign body retrieval are reviewed.