[Management of the patient with renal artery fibromuscular dysplasia: clinical case].

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a rare disease that affects small and medium-sized arteries. Clinical manifestations of FMD depend on its localization. In many cases, FMD of renal arteries (RA) is associated with arterial hypertension. Young age, particularly of female patients, suspected RA dissection or kidney infarction, absence of atherosclerosis or presence of FMD in other arteries of such patients evidence for RA FMD. In invasive treatment of hemodynamically significant stenoses, transluminal balloon angioplasty (TBA) of renal arteries is preferrable. Taking into account initial alterations of the vascular wall and unevenness of the lumen of the affected blood vessel, stent implantation is associated with an increased risk of complications and is recommended only if ballooning complications develop. An open reconstructive surgery is indicated in complicated narrowing anatomy, a high risk of the endovascular treatment, or after failure of the endovascular intervention. This article presents a clinical case of a young female patient with RA FMD and renovascular arterial hypertension who successfully underwent renal TBA with a drug-coated balloon.

Clinical and prognostic significance of the soluble form of the VISTA immunity control point in patients with primary bone tumors.

The data of a comparative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of the content of the soluble form of the immunity checkpoint VISTA in the blood serum of 30 healthy donors (control group), 79 patients with primary malignant (osteosarcoma - 30, chondrosarcoma - 31, chordoma - 14) and 14 borderline (giant cell tumor) bone neoplasms are presented. In the general group of patients with malignant neoplasms of bones, the median sVISTA content in blood serum is statistically significant lower than in the control (p = 0.040). In patients with bone tumors and healthy donors over 18 years of age, there was a decrease with age in serum sVISTA levels. There were no significant differences in sVISTA concentration between patients with osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and healthy donors. Only in patients with chordoma were sVISTA levels statistically significant lower than in controls (p = 0.013). In the groups of patients with chondrosarcoma and osteosarcoma of the bone, there were no significant associations between the serum sVISTA content and the main clinical and morphological characteristics of the disease. In patients with osteosarcoma, no relationship was found between sVISTA levels and overall survival rates, while in patients with bone chondrosarcoma, there was a tendency towards a favorable prognosis with a high content of the marker in the blood serum.

Comparative Global Gene Expression Profiles of Wild-Type Yersinia pestis CO92 and Its Braun Lipoprotein Mutant at Flea and Human Body Temperatures.

Braun/murein lipoprotein (Lpp) is involved in inflammatory responses and septic shock. We previously characterized a Deltalpp mutant of Yersinia pestis CO92 and found that this mutant was defective in surviving in macrophages and was attenuated in a mouse inhalation model of plague when compared to the highly virulent wild-type (WT) bacterium. We performed global transcriptional profiling of WT Y. pestis and its Deltalpp mutant using microarrays. The organisms were cultured at 26 and 37 degrees Celsius to simulate the flea vector and mammalian host environments, respectively. Our data revealed vastly different effects of lpp mutation on the transcriptomes of Y. pestis grown at 37 versus 26 degrees C. While the absence of Lpp resulted mainly in the downregulation of metabolic genes at 26 degrees C, the Y. pestis Deltalpp mutant cultured at 37 degrees C exhibited profound alterations in stress response and virulence genes, compared to WT bacteria. We investigated one of the stress-related genes (htrA) downregulated in the Deltalpp mutant relative to WT Y. pestis. Indeed, complementation of the Deltalpp mutant with the htrA gene restored intracellular survival of the Y. pestis Deltalpp mutant. Our results support a role for Lpp in Y. pestis adaptation to the host environment, possibly via transcriptional activation of htrA.

[The effect of 2,4-dinitrophenol on the intensity of oxidative processes in the rat liver during prolonged experiment].

The effect of uncoupler 2,4-dinitrophenol on the oxidative processes intensity in liver biomembranes of different age and sex of rats during longitudinal experiment was studied. It was established that 2,4-dinitrophenol in the used concentration hadn't essential negative effect on the organism of females and their posterity. On the young, 3-3,5-month old males it was shown that long-term xenobiotic administration had been accompanied by intensification of the rate of oxygen consumption, decrease of the rate of reactive oxygen species formation in microsomal redox-chain, decline in lipid hydroperoxides and protein carbonils levels in blood serum and liver microsomes, and also by increase of their mean lifespan. The obtained results may testify the possibility of correction of oxidative processes intensity in tissues of mammals and their lifespan by means of modulation of membrane electron transport chains activity.

[Formation of plasma cell infiltrates in gingiva of patients with chronic apical periodontitis].

The structure of leukocyte infiltrates in gingiva of 80 patients of various ages and gender with chronic apical periodontitis was studied using light microscopy with the application of monoclonal antibodies detecting CD38 antigen. Gingival tissues of practically of all the patients with periodontitis contained 2 types of leukocyte infiltrates: infiltrates with the low plasma cell content and high numbers of neutrophils and structures with high number of plasmocytes and low concentration of neutrophilic granulocytes. Within the gingival epithelium in patients with chronic apical periodontitis CD38 + cells were absent. The histogenesis of gingival leukocyte infiltrates in chronic apical periodontitis is discussed with the special emphasis on the role of plasma cells in the development of the pathological process.

[B-cellular lymphoid follicles of gingival mucous membrane in cases of chronic apical periodontitis].

The structure of gingival mucous membrane leukocytal infiltration of 80 patients with chronic apical periodontitis of different age groups was studied by the light microscopy with the use of monoclonal antibodies to CD38. It was disclosed that in gingival tissues of practically all patients 2 types of leukocytal infiltration were present with low number of plasmatic cells and high number of neutrophils (true leukocytal infiltration) and structures with high number of plasmatic cells and low number of neutrophils - most likely lymphoid follicle resultant in mucous membranes of different organs in cases of chronic inflammation. In epithelial gingival paving in cases of chronic apical periodontitis CD38(+)-cells were absent.

[Gingival tissues age- and gender-specific peculiarities in healthy conditions and in cases of chronic apical periodontitis].

By light microscopy there was studied gingival tissues structure depending upon age and gender in 96 relatively healthy persons and 80 patients with chronic apical periodontitis. It was disclosed that in gingival mucosa of patients with chronic apical periodontitis the interstitial space volumetric density and numerical density of tissue leucocytes increased in the first place due to neutrophils. Between the healthy men and women there was no significant difference in structural organization of the gum as well as between the patients of different gender. The only sign was that in healthy men and women with age progressing only lymphatic vessels area decreased on gingival mucosa microscopic section. In patients with chronic apical periodontitis both blood and lymphatic vessels were involved through decrease of relative capillary density.

[The protein oxidative damage level and lifespan modulation by xenobiotics in Drosophila melanogaster].

The effect of xenobiotics on protein oxidative damage and lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster Meig., line Oregon-R, was studied. Addition of the uncoupler 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) to the nutritional mixture results in an induction of synthesis of heat shock proteins and increase of lifespan of insects, whereas sodium nitroprusside (SNP) has negative effect on flies viability connected, probably, with activation of processes of proteins oxidative damage. It is shown that DNP essentially corrects the SNP negative action on insects' survival rates and this "normalizing" action is revealed both at a level of sensitivity of flies to exogenic stresses and protein carbonils level and at a level of insects lifespan as a whole. It is supposed that DNP protects from SNP negative action on flies viability by reduction of intensity of free radicals production and/or induction of heat shock proteins synthesis. Consequence of that is reduction of oxidative proteins damage degree and increase of survival rate (life span) of flies.

[Regulation of the catalytic activity and supermolecular structure of penicillin acylase from Escherichia coli in an aerosol OT reversed micelle system in octane]. / Reguliatsiia kataliticheskoi aktivnosti i nadmolekuliarnoi struktury penitsillinatsilazy iz Escherichia coli v sistem obrashchennykh mitsell aérozolia OT v oktane.

The properties of penicillin acylase from E. coli solubilized by hydrated reversed micelles of Aerozol OT (AOT) in octane were studied. The catalytic activity dependence on the hydration degree, a parameter which determines the size of the micelle inner cavity, represents a curve with three optima, each corresponding to the enzyme functioning either in a dimer form (omega 0 = 23) or in the form of separate subunits--heavy, beta, and light, alpha, at omega 0 = 20 and 14, respectively. Reversible dissociation of the enzyme was confirmed by ultracentrifugation followed by electrophoresis. Preparative isolation of penicillin acylase subunits, their catalytic activity being retained, was shown to be possible.

[Mobilization transfer of the pUB110 plasmid between gram-positive bacteria]. / Mobilizatsionnyi perenos plazmidy pUB110 mezhdu grampolozhitel'nymi bakteriiami.

The three factor crosses between the donor strain Bacillus subtilis 168 harbouring the plasmid pUB102-4, Bacillus thuringiensis strain carrying the mobilizing plasmid pAM beta 1 and recipient strain Lactobacillus fermenti were conducted in order to elaborate the optimal conditions of the plasmid pUB102-4 mobilization for transfer into gram-positive microorganisms and to elucidate the possible expression of endogluconase genes in a lactobacillus strain. The Lactobacillus fermenti transconjugants carrying the pUB102-4 plasmid were obtained in the three factor reciprocal crosses with the streptococcus recipient strain and Bacillus subtilis recipients. The presence of the plasmids in transconjugants was confirmed by colony hybridization with the [32P]-labelled plasmid DNA and KMC-ase activity in transconjugant cells. The proposed system of crosses using the high copy number plasmid derivatives of pUB110 mobilized with high frequency by the pAM beta 1 plasmid demonstrates the possibility to increase the circle of gram-positive host bacteria avoiding time and labour consuming operations.

[Plasmid pBS195 with a wide range of hosts, isolated from lactobacilli]. / Plazmida pBS195 s shirokim krugom khoziaev, vydelennaia iz laktobatsill.

The nonconjugative 4.4 kb plasmid pBS195 has been found in Lactobacillus sp. 195 strain resistant to kanamycin and streptomycin. The plasmid pBS195 determining the resistance to kanamycin has a broad host range. It is inherited by the Gram-positive microorganisms (Bacillus subtilis) as well as by Escherichia coli cells, has the cleavage sites for the restriction endonucleases BamHI, EcoRI, HindIII, PstI, KpnI. The restriction map of the plasmid for these enzymes is constructed. The broad host range, efficiently expressed marker, the presence of the unique restriction sites, small size make the plasmid pBS195 promising for the genetic engineering research.

[Genetic control of tetracycline resistance in bacteria]. / Geneticheskii kontrol' ustoichivosti k tetratsiklinam u bakterii.

Modern data on prevalence, structural and functional organization of the tetracycline resistance determinants in bacteria are reviewed. The three mechanisms of the antibiotic resistance are the tetracycline efflux, the ribosomal protection and the antibiotic modification. The problems of evolution of tetracycline resistance genes are discussed.

[Structure-functional characteristics of pBS195 plasmids from a broad range of gram-positive and gram-negative hosts]. / Strukturno-funktsional'naia kharakteristika plazmidy pBS195 s shirokim krugom grampolozhitel'nykh i gramotritsatel'nykh khoziaev.

The ability of plasmid pBS195 to be inherited by a broad host range including both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria attracts special attention to its molecular genetic organization. Physical map of the plasmid has been constructed and the gene for kanamycin resistance and oriV homologous to the one of pUC19 have been localized. The determinants for kanamycin-resistance have been shown to share no homology with the genes for the I and II type phosphotransferases and type II nucleotide-transferase. The minicells of Escherichia coli x925 harboring pBS195 produce two plasmid-encoded proteins with mol. masses 26 and 34 kD found in SDS-PAGE. The plasmid determines an oxygenase activity and shares homology with a nahC gene in the EcoRI-BamHI region (0 bp-1.6 kbp). The enzyme was identified as a methylpyrocatehase possessing high activity in Escherichia coli cells and substrate specificity uncharacteristic of this type enzymes.

[Cloning and expression of a plasmid pBS195 gene, determining oxygenase activity, in Escherichia coli cells]. / Klonirovanie i ékspressiia v kletkakh Escherichia coli gena plazmida pBS195, determiniruiushchego oksigenaznuiu aktivnost'.

Plasmid pBS195, detected in a strain of Lactobacillus sp. isolated from long-living persons, has a broad host range, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms [1]. Plasmid-harboring colonies of the strain Escherichia coli HB101 give a color reaction with catechol. This indicates that genes mediating the activity of oxygenase are present in this plasmid. The high activity level of this enzyme, mediated by pBS195, and substrate specificity, which has not bee detected in any known metapyrocatechases, were found in cells of E. coli. Hybridization with a 32P-labeled fragment containing the NahC gene revealed a region of homology with a 1.6-kb EcoR I- BamH I fragment of plasmid pBS195. Deletion variants of this plasmid that lost oxygenase activity confirmed the location of the oxygenase gene in this region. The gene responsible for oxygenase activity in the plasmid was cloned on the pUC19 vector in E. coli cells. The expression of the cloned gene is controlled by the lac promoter of this vector. Physical, hybridization, and deletion analyses as well as analysis of polypeptides, which are synthesized in E. coli mini-cells, showed that this activity requires the participation of a polypeptide with molecular mass of 34 kDa.

[Determination of lysine amidase and alpha-aminocaprolactam hydrolase activities in cell-free extracts of Cryptococcus sp]. / Opredelenie lizinamidaznoi i al'fa-aminokaprolaktamgidrolaznoi aktivnostei v beskletochnykh ékstraktakh Cryptococcus sp.

he methods for detecting two activities, i. e. lysine amidase and alpha-aminocaprolactam hydrolase ones, in crude extracts of Cryptococcus sp. are described. The method for registering lysine amidase activity is based on the ability of Cu(II) complex to absorb at 230 nm. The products of lysine and alpha-aminocaprolactam interactions with o-phthalaldehyde in the presence of mercaptoethanol possess different molar absorption at 340 nm. This fact was used for detecting alpha-aminocaprolactam hydrolase activity. The main merit of the methods is the possibility to register the data on the course of the reaction without preliminary chromatographic separation of the reaction products and reactants. The methods proposed do not require expensive enzymes, such as lysine decarboxylase and lysine-alpha-ketoglutarate-epsilon-aminotransferase, which are used for the quantitative estimation of lysine.

[Age variations in ethylmorphine demethylase and benzopyrene hydroxylase activities in rat liver microsomes]. / Vozrastnye izmeneniia étilmorfindemetilaznoi i benzpirengidroksilaznoi aktivnostei mikrosom pecheni krys.

The ethylmorphine demethylase activity of the rat liver microsomes was higher in three-month animals (as compared to one-month), remained at a high level in the 12-month and decreased in old rats. The benzopyrene hydrolase activity increased in three-month animals, decreased in 12-month rats and remained the same with subsequent ageing of the organism. Asynchronicity of variations in the oxidation rate of different xenobiotics with ageing is considered as a result of changes in substrate specificity of the monooxygenase system due to metabolic peculiarities which reflect the age development of the organism and extinction of the reproduction function.

[Structural state of rat liver mitochondrial and microsomal membranes in aging and after treatment with thyroxine]. / Strukturnoe sostoianie membran mitokhondrii i mikrosom pecheni krys pri starenii i pod deistviem tiroksina.

Rotation mobility of stearic acid spin labelling in mitochondria and microsomes of 24 months old rats is shown to decrease in comparison with that of 1 month rats. This decrease correlates with an increase in the free cholesterol content in membranes. The phospholipid composition is practically unchanged. With age the osmoresistance of organelles decreases and the cryoresistance increases, supporting indirectly the existence of structural changes in membranes with ageing. The most pronounced activation of NADPH-cytochrome C reductase in the microsomal membrane after the treatment with triton X-100 is observed in case of old animals. The thyroxine treatment of old rats causes a "rejuvenative" effect on the structural state of mitochondrial and microsomal membranes, evidencing for the important role of hormonal regulation in mechanisms of their age rearrangement.

[Effect of paracetamol on the microsomal oxidation, oxidative phosphorylation and liver mitochondria swelling in rats of various ages]. / Vliianie paratsetamola na mikrosomal'noe okislenie, okislitel'noe fosforilirovanie i nabukhanie mitokhondrii pecheni krys raznogo vozrasta.

The effect of hepatotoxic dose of paracetamol (800 mg per kg, intraperitoneally, once a day during two days) on the system of microsomal oxidation, respiration, oxidative phosphorylation and high amplitude swelling of liver mitochondria was studied on 1-, 4- and 30-months old Wistar male rats. It has been shown, that paracetamol injection leads to the decrease of content of cytochrome P-450, to disorders of the function of monooxygenase system (the aminopyrine-N-demethylase and aniline hydroxylase activities were diminished), mitochondria macrostructure (the mitochondria high amplitude swelling time was decreased) and function (the respiratory control was decreased). These alterations have been observed to manifest to more extent in the liver of young rats as compared with old ones.

[Antibiotic resistance in clinical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from 1979-1984]. / Rezistentnost' k antibiotikam klinicheskikh shtammov Pseudomonas aeruginosa, vydelennykh v 1979-1984.

The levels and spectra of drug resistance were determined in 530 strains of P. aeruginosa isolated in hospitals of three cities of the USSR within 1979-1984. Their conjugative R plasmids were searched for and distribution of various type resistance determinants in the composition of these plasmids was investigated. The results were compared with the findings of analogous studies on clinical strains of P. aeruginosa isolated within 1976-1979. It was shown that there were a rise in the relative number of the strains resistant to kanamycin and a decrease in the occurrence of the P. aeruginosa strains resistant to streptomycin, tetracycline and sulfanilamides. The frequency of the kanamycin, carbenicillin and gentamicin resistance genes in the composition of the detected conjugative R plasmids increased. Hybridization of 32P-labeled probes containing various type antibiotic resistance determinants with strains of P. aeruginosa ML (PAO) containing conjugative R plasmids was indicative of wide spread of genes determining APH(3')II and APH(3") and determinants of classes A and C in the composition of the studied plasmids.

[Trends in the distribution of stomach cancer and cancer of the large intestine among the population]. / Tendentsii v rasprostranenii raka zheludka i raka tolstoi kishki sredi naseleniia.

An inverse correlation in stomach and large bowel cancer distribution was established as a result of an evaluation of cancer morbidity statistics for the City of Moscow in 1965-1980. The structure of gastrointestinal neoplasms in the next five years is likely to undergo changes in female population in which large bowel cancer is leading at present.