[Remarks on the systematization and terminology of smell and taste disorders]. / Uwagi do systematyki i terminologii zaburzeñ wechu i smaki.

Based on the experience of the Olfactogustometry Laboratories in Halle and in Poznan, a proposal of clinical terminology and systematization of smell and taste disorders has been presented. Individual interpretation of the data from anamnesis in relation to the findings of the olfactogustometric investigations were stressed as indispensable.

[Indications for transnasal endoscopic and microscopic and external paranasal sinus operations. A critical intermediate report]. / Indikationen zu transnasalen endoskopischen und mikroskopischen sowie äusseren Nasennebenhöhlenoperationen. Ein kritischer Zwischenbericht.

A comparison of the paranasal sinus operations performed in 1980/1981 (n = 310) and 1988/1989 (n = 540) in the author's clinic demonstrates an impressive shift to endonasal techniques. These operations have increased from 35.4% to 74.6%. About three-quarters of the operations for chronic sinusitis were done by the endoscopic technique. In a quarter of the cases we found an extremely extensive chronic recurring polyposis indicating systemic disease. We prefer the microscopic technique for these cases. The extranasal approaches are now used more rarely in the surgery of inflammatory lesions. Nevertheless, they are still important for the treatment of complications, injuries and tumours of the paranasal sinuses, and they constitute 18.9% of all operations.

[Prognostic efficacy of a histologic-cytochemical malignancy grading of squamous cell carcinoma in the head-neck region]. / Prognostische Wirksamkeit einer histologisch-zytochemischen Malignitätsgraduierung beim Plattenepithelkarzinom des Kopf-Hals-Bereiches.

146 squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx and pharynx were subjected to a histopathological grading of malignancy ranging from grade 1 up to grade 3. 3-years-survival-rates in G 1 carcinomas were 85%, in G 2 72% and in G 3 15%. Various enzyme histochemical reactions were examined by means of the same test material for the worth for the indication of the cure-rate. A high survival-rate was found for low enzyme activities in the G6PDH- and in LDH-reaction. Strong activities indicated a low survival-rate. The histological grading common with histochemical grading is of prognostic significance. It should be used within a multi-step-check aimed at a more detailed tumor diagnosis before the start of therapy.

[Clinical observations and therapy of the papillomas of the mucous membrane in the otorhinolaryngology (author's transl)]. / Klinik und Therapie von Schleimhautpapillomen im HNO-Bereich.

It's possible papillomas of oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal regions concerning clinical and prognostical aspects to divide under a unit principle. In addition to the criterion of juvenile/adult you must consider solitary or multiple appearance, as well as the macroscopical keratinization. An adequate classification under the aspect of the different malignancy on the basis of morphological and clinical examination of 30 papillomas is proposed. The group of adult, multiple and unkeratinized papillomas of the larynx shows in opposite of opinions of today a tendency of malignancy. Infusion therapy with Bleomycin leads to a volume reduction and to a prolongation of the interval on the papillomas of the larynx, who tend to a malignant degeneration and to a short interval.

[Clinical data and therapy of malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses (author's transl)]. / Zur Klinik und Therapie maligner Non-Hodgkin-Lymphome der Nasennebenhöhlenregion.

From 1950 to 1979 276 malignant tumors of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses were treated in the Clinic of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology of the University. 40 cases (14,5% of these tumors) were diagnosed as malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 18 cases of them could be classified according to the so-called Kiel classification. There were 11 highly malignant lymphomas (including 7 immunoblastic lymphomas) and 7 low malignant (immunocytic) lymphomas. Basing on the histologic types of lymphomas and the predominant localization in the inner nose and the anterior ethmoidal sinus a pathogenetic importance of a chronic immunologic inflammation for the development of the lymphomas is suggested. Highly malignant immunoblastic lymphomas have a poor prognosis, almost all tumors generalize and lead to death within one year. Therefore, after the initial staging procedure, after the primary therapeutic irradiation and the following operation a polychemotherapy must be performed. The prognosis of immunocytic lymphomas is somewhat better, they generalize more seldom than highly malignant lymph node tumors. From the findings presented here the conclusion can be drawn that in the region of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses the regional lymphatic spread of lymphomas is of little importance only.

[Histopathological grading of ENT carcinomas (author's transl)]. / Histopathologisches Grading von Karzinomen des HNO-Gebietes.

In 56 patients with carcinoma of the larynx, pathohistological grading was carried out, basing on the differentiation, nuclear polymorphism and mitosis of the tumor cell population and the cellular response of the tumor host. This grading corresponded well with the 3-years' survival rate. The grading of the third revision of the TNM classification of the UICC containing only the differentiation is less evident. In spite of that, a prognostic statement is possible and we recommend to use this procedure.

[Differential diagnosis and therapy of plasmocytoma of the head and neck (author's transl)]. / Plasmozytomerkrankungen im Kopf-Hals-Bereich. Differentialdiagnose und Therapie.

The differential diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of extramedullary plasmocytoma of the mucosa in the head and neck region are discussed on the example of 10 own cases observed between 1965 and 1981. They are subdivided into three types: 1. The apparent solitary (or multiple) extramedullary plasmocytoma. However, after thorough clinical and paraclinical examination or after observation of the course of the disease the exact diagnosis of medullary plasmocytoma is established. For the therapy, cytostatics must be employed, and prognosis is unfavourable. 2. The genuine plasmocytoma of the mucosa. It has to be distinguished from the immunocytic lymphoma and corresponds to a Non-Hodgkin's-Lymphoma. The therapy is partly surgical and partly radiological; as a rule, prognosis is good. 3. The tumour-like granuloma of plasma cells which is of reactive inflammatory nature. Treatment is surgical only.

[Papillomas of the mucous membranes of the larynx and pharynx. Relations between enzyme histochemistry and histological classification (author's transl)]. / Papillome der Schleimhaut in Larynx und Pharynx Beziehungen zwischen Enzymhistochemie und histologischer Klassifikation.

If there is a histochemical demonstration of acid phosphatase and lactat dehydrogenase with cryostat-microtom-sections of 30 papillomas of the mucous membran of larynx, pharynx and cavum oris you often can find strong activities in tissue with frequent atypical epithelial cells. Intensive appearances after reactions of NADH-tetrazolium-reduktase are correlated with strong hyperplasies and proliferations of the epithelial tissue. Cell groups in the stroma, which are immuncompetantly are showing an moderate activities of acid and alkaline phosphatase, esterase and NADH-tetrazoliumreduktase.

[Primary manifestation of lymphogranulomatosis in the soft tissue of the orbita (author's transl)]. / Primärmanifestation einer Lymphogranulomatose im Weichteilgewebe der Orbita.

In the paper presented here a rare of a lymphogranulomatosis in the soft tissue of the orbita is described. The Hodgkin's disease was preceded by a granulomatous inflammatory reaction in the right frontal sinus which was considered to be related to malignant midline reticulosis. A relation between both the diseases is suggested.

Malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas of the epipharynx and the mesopharynx including tonsils, paranasal sinuses and neck. Histological reclassification using the "Kiel-classification".

In the present study a re-classification of 96 lymphomas of the epipharynx and the mesopharynx including tonsils, paranasal sinuses and neck region was performed using the Kiel-classification. The histological criteria employed for this procedure were described briefly. 33 cases could be diagnosed as lymphomas of low grade malignancy, 50 cases belonged to the group of high grade malignancy and 13 cases remained unclassifiable. There was a light preponderance of male patients in the whole lymphoma group. The most frequent tumors were immunoblastic lymphomas, followed by immunocytomas, lymphoblastic lymphomas, centroblastic lymphomas, centroblastic/centrocytic and centrocytic lymphomas. Examples of transitions of one lymphoma type into another were demonstrated. The fact must be mentioned that lymphomas of the paranasal sinuses were nearly completely of the immunocytic or immunoblastic type.

[Unusual course of plasmocytosis. Contribution to the problem of extramedullary and asecretory forms]. / Ungewöhnlicher Verlauf einer Plasmozytomerkrankung. Ein Beitrag zum Problem der extraossären und asekretorischen Formen.

A case of plasmocytosis treated and observed for more than 4 years was characterized by an extraordinarily strong tendency to extramedullary manifestations and by a nearly asecretory course of disease. Its histomorphological explanation with regard to a differential diagnosis towards a possible secondary neoplasia was connected with many problems at the beginning of the disease when it had to be localized in the scull-face area as well as in the final stage. It may be assumed that this is one of those pictures of disease developing in the limiting area of the maturation zone ranging from the lymphoplasmacytoid cell type to the finally differentiated plasma cells and their systemic neoplasia. The term "plasmocytoma with an extra-osseous tumour expansion" will certainly correspond to its clinical picture in the best way.

[Integration of malignant tumors of the head and neck region into the strategy of cancer control in the GDR]. / Einordnung maligner Geschwülste des Kopf-Hals-Gebietes in die Strategie der Krebsbekämpfung der DDR.

Mainly caused by an increase of carcinomas of the mouth and of the pharynx, the incidence of malignant tumours of the head and neck increased continuously, the incidence of these tumours has doubled in males. During the last twenty years, the age distribution clearly points the younger group of patients. In addition, the percentage of advanced tumours stages III and IV are increased. A more unfavourable prognosis with an increased mortality results despite of improved therapeutic techniques. The ways how to influence this development are discussed to reach the same positive situation as in total cancer treatment in the GDR.

Photodynamic therapy with haematoporphyrin derivative on mice with solid Ehrlich carcinomas.

The tumor-toxic effect of the photosensitizer HpD/Halle activated by laser radiation was demonstrated. Solid Ehrlich carcinoma was used as model. Investigations into the tumor growth, the HpD-distribution after different kinds of drug administration by means of fluorescence measurements, the phototoxicity and the reduction of tumor masses after HpD application and laser irradiation were carried out.

Recombinant interferon-alpha-2C in laryngeal papillomatosis: preliminary results of a prospective multicentre trial.

A preparation of interferon-alpha 2C of high purity formed by recombinant DNA technology was used as adjuvant therapy following removal of laryngeal papillomas by cauterization or laser vaporization. Preliminary data on 20 patients are reported and include 11 complete and 7 partial responses. Side-effects included initial temperature elevation, but this subsided and other side-effects were uncommon. No antibodies to the interferon preparation were found in any of the patients.

[Human nonspecific killer cells]. / Unspezifische Killerzellen des Menschen.

The NK and K-cell activity of human leukocytes was investigated as compared with those cells of the K 562 cell line and murine cells covered by xenoantibodies in Graffi erythroblast leukaemia by means of the 51Cr release test. NK and K-cells could be identified in the blood and bone-marrow. However, they could not be identified in the thymus, lymph-nodes, and tonsils. Attempts of cell fraction with the blood of healthy donors revealed that the K-cells must be attributed to non-T-lymphocytes. NK-cells may be found in the fraction of non-T-lymphocytes as well as in that of T-lymphocytes. Killer cell activity tests in children with acute leukaemia resulted in leukaemia cells having NK and K-cell activity only in very rare cases. ALL patients in remission had strongly lowered NK-cell values under chemotherapy. In comparison to that, chemotherapy had no influence on K-cell activity. On the one hand, NK-cell activities were induced in mixed cultures of allogenous lymphocytes of the blood and, on the other hand, in cells of lymph-nodes. Attempts of fractionation, investigations for determining the influence of chemotherapy and attempts of inducing killer cell activity in vitro lead to the conclusion that NK and K-cells may be regarded as similar cell populations, being, however, not identical.