Association between periodontitis and the Mediterranean diet in young Moroccan individuals.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been reported to be associated with a lower risk of various chronic diseases. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the potential association between adherence to the MedDiet and periodontitis, which is highly prevalent in young Moroccan individuals. METHODS: We evaluated 1075 Moroccan individuals (72% women, mean [standard deviation] age = 20.2 [1.5] years). Adherence to the MedDiet was assessed using the MedDiet score (MDS) based on the frequency of intake of eight food groups (vegetables, legumes, fruits, cereals or potatoes, fish, red meat, dairy products, and olive oil). A value of 0 (unhealthy) or 1 (healthy) was assigned to each food group, and the MDS (range, 0-8 points) was generated by adding the individual scores, with a higher score indicating better adherence to the MedDiet. The logistic regression model was used to evaluate the MDS (high [5-8 points]/low [0-4 points]) and each component score (1/0) with the presence of periodontitis, which was determined through full-mouth periodontal examinations. Age, sex, and oral health behavior were considered as potential confounders. RESULTS: In total, 693 (64.5%) study participants showed high MDSs. Periodontitis was observed in 71 (6.6%) participants. No significant association between MDS and periodontitis was observed. Nonetheless, olive oil consumption, a component of the MDS, showed a significant inverse association with periodontitis (adjusted odds ratio = 0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.32-0.96). CONCLUSIONS: The MedDiet was not significantly associated with periodontitis among young Moroccans. However, frequent consumption of olive oil may have a protective effect against periodontitis, although the temporal association needs to be clarified in further studies.

Chlorhexidine alcohol base mouthrinse versus Chlorhexidine formaldehyde base mouthrinse efficacy on plaque control: double blind, randomized clinical trials.

BACKGROUND: Chlorhexidine is well known for its antiplaque effect. However, the mouthrinse based chlorhexidine antiplaque efficiency may vary according to the formulation of the final product. The aim of the present study was to compare anti-plaque effectiveness of two commercial mouthrinses: 0.12 % Chlorhexidine alcohol base (CLX-A) versus a diluted 0.1% Chlorhexidine non-alcohol base with 0.1% of Formaldehyde (CLX-F). MATERIALS AND METHODS: the study was a seven day randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial including 30 volunteers. At the start, all participants received a dental prophylaxis. Over 7 days experimental non-brushing period, during which subjects abstained from all forms of mechanical oral hygiene, one group test rinsed twice daily with 15 ml of an alcohol base 0.12% Chlorhexidine mouthrinse. The second group test used 15 ml of alcohol free 0.1% Chlorhexidine mouthrinse base 0.1% formaldehyde twice daily. The negative control group used a placebo. Plaque indexes were recorded in all volunteers prior to treatment at Day 0, 1 and 7. RESULTS: After 7 days, the mean plaque index for the first group was 0.76 ± 0.38 compared with a mean plaque index of 1.43 ± 0.56 for the second group. The difference in plaque scores between the groups was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: the results of this study showed that rinsing with an alcohol base 0.12% Chlorhexidine mouthrinse is significantly different from rinsing with an alcohol free 0.1% Chlorhexidine mouthrinse on plaque inhibition.

Etiology of aggressive periodontitis in individuals of African descent.

Aggressive periodontitis (AgP) is a form of periodontitis that affects adolescents and has a significantly higher prevalence in individuals of African descent. AgP typically shows familial aggregation, suggesting a genetic predisposition. Young age, good health status, rapid attachment loss, and familial aggregation are the primary features of this disease. AgP has been closely linked to specific bacterial strains of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. A. actinomycetemcomitans strains isolated from patients with AgP produce leukotoxin (LtxA), which specifically affects polymorphonuclear leukocytes in primates, especially humans. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatics analyses revealed differences in the subgingival microbiota between patients with AgP and those with chronic periodontitis (ChP). The genera Atopobium and Prevotella show increased prevalences in AgP than in ChP. According to AgP susceptibility, several single nucleotide polymorphisms have been detected in different genes in individuals of African descent. Interleukin (IL)-1α and IL-1ß genetic polymorphisms may be associated with the severity of both ChP and AgP. An elevated serum level of IL-17 produced by Th17 cells may be a characteristic of AgP. Analyses of the relationships among bacteria, host defenses, genetic predisposition, and numerous other factors are required to understand the progression of this disease.

Chlorhexidine alcohol base mouthrinse versus Chlorhexidine formaldehyde base mouthrinse efficacy on plaque control: Double blind, randomized clinical trials

Background: Chlorhexidine is well known for its antiplaque effect. However, the mouthrinse based chlorhexidine antiplaque efficiency may vary according to the formulation of the final product. The aim of the present study was to compare anti-plaque effectiveness of two commercial mouthrinses: 0.12 % Chlorhexidine alcohol base (CLX-A) versus a diluted 0.1% Chlorhexidine non-alcohol base with 0.1% of Formaldehyde (CLX-F).Material and Methods: the study was a seven day randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial including 30 volunteers. At the start, all participants received a dental prophylaxis. Over 7 days experimental non-brushing period, during which subjects abstained from all forms of mechanical oral hygiene, one group test rinsed twice daily with 15ml of an alcohol base 0.12% Chlorhexidine mouthrinse. The second group test used 15ml of alcohol free 0.1% Chlorhexidine mouthrinse base 0.1% formaldehyde twice daily. The negative control group used a placebo. Plaque indexes were recorded in all volunteers prior to treatment at Day 0, 1 and 7. Results: After 7 days, the mean plaque index for the first group was 0.76±0.38 compared with a mean plaque index of 1.43±0.56 for the second group. The difference in plaque scores between the groups was statistically significant. Conclusion: the results of this study showed that rinsing with an alcohol base 0.12% Chlorhexidine mouthrinse is significantly different from rinsing with an alcohol free 0.1% Chlorhexidine mouthrinse on plaque inhibition (AU)

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