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1.
Sante Ment Que ; 48(1): 9-11, 2023.
Artículo en Francés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37862249

RESUMEN

The Revue Santé mentale au Québec (RSMQ) purpose is to contribute to the mental health knowledge dissemination and acquisition by adding much-needed cultural diversity to a scientific world community dominated by English-speaking journals. The RSMQ leadership wish to expand its societal impact and scientific outreach by working with its institutional partners to attract researchers and clinical practitioners across the world wishing to share their passions for learning in French.

2.
Sante Ment Que ; 42(2): 9-10, 2017.
Artículo en Francés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29267409
3.
Drug Alcohol Depend ; 226: 108857, 2021 09 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34225223

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Up to 74 % of people with an opioid use disorder (OUD) will experience depression in their lifetime. Understanding and addressing the concept of preference for depression treatments and clinical trial designs may serve as an important milestone in enhancing treatment and research outcomes. Our goal is to evaluate preferences for depression treatments and clinical trial designs among individuals with an OUD and comorbid depression. METHODS: We evaluated preferences for depression treatments and clinical trial designs using an online cross-sectional survey including a best-best discrete choice experiment. We recruited 165 participants from opioid agonist treatment clinics and community-based services in Calgary, Charlottetown, Edmonton, Halifax, Montreal, Ottawa, Quebec City, St. John's and Trois-Rivières, Canada. RESULTS: Psychotherapy was the most accepted (80.0 %; CI: 73.9-86.1 %) and preferred (31.5 %; CI: 24.4-38.6 %) treatment. However, there was a high variability in acceptability and preferences of depression treatments. Significant predictors of choice for depression treatments were administration mode depending on session duration (p < 0.001), access mode (p < 0.001) and treatment duration (p < 0.001). Significant predictors of choice for clinical trial designs were allocation type (p = 0.008) and monetary compensation (p = 0.033). Participants preferred participating in research compared to non-participation (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Accessibility and diversity of depression interventions, including psychotherapy, need to be enhanced in addiction services to ensure that all patients can receive their preferred treatment. Ensuring proper monetary compensation and comparing an intervention of interest with an active treatment might increase participation of depressed OUD patients in future clinical research initiative.


Asunto(s)
Depresión , Trastornos Relacionados con Opioides , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Trastornos Relacionados con Opioides/tratamiento farmacológico , Trastornos Relacionados con Opioides/epidemiología , Prioridad del Paciente , Psicoterapia , Proyectos de Investigación
4.
Circulation ; 120(2): 134-40, 3p following 140, 2009 Jul 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19564557

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Depression predicts prognosis in many cardiac conditions, including congestive heart failure (CHF). Despite heightened cardiac risk in patients with comorbid atrial fibrillation (AF) and CHF, depression has not been studied in this group. This substudy, from the AF-CHF Trial of rate- versus rhythm-control strategies, investigated whether depression predicts long-term cardiovascular mortality in patients with left ventricular ejection fraction or=14). Over a mean follow-up of 39 months, there were 246 cardiovascular deaths (111 presumed arrhythmic; 302 all-cause deaths). Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for other prognostic factors (including age, marital status, cause of CHF, creatinine level, left ventricular ejection fraction, paroxysmal AF, previous AF hospitalization, previous electrical conversion, and baseline medications) showed that elevated depression scores significantly predicted cardiovascular mortality (primary outcome), arrhythmic death, and all-cause mortality. The adjusted hazard ratios were 1.57 (95% confidence interval 1.20 to 2.07, P<0.001), 1.69 (95% confidence interval 1.13 to 2.53, P=0.01), and 1.38 (95% confidence interval 1.07 to 1.77, P=0.01), respectively. The risks associated with depression and marital status were additive, with the highest risk in depressed patients who were unmarried. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated depression symptoms are related to cardiovascular mortality even after adjustment for other prognostic indicators in patients with comorbid AF and CHF who receive optimized treatment. Unmarried patients are also at increased risk. Mechanisms and treatment options deserve additional study.


Asunto(s)
Fibrilación Atrial/mortalidad , Fibrilación Atrial/psicología , Depresión/diagnóstico , Depresión/psicología , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/mortalidad , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/psicología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Fibrilación Atrial/fisiopatología , Depresión/epidemiología , Femenino , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/fisiopatología , Humanos , Masculino , Estado Civil , Persona de Mediana Edad , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Pronóstico , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Factores de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Volumen Sistólico/fisiología
5.
Circulation ; 118(17): 1768-75, 2008 Oct 21.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18824640

RESUMEN

Depression is commonly present in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and is independently associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Screening tests for depressive symptoms should be applied to identify patients who may require further assessment and treatment. This multispecialty consensus document reviews the evidence linking depression with CHD and provides recommendations for healthcare providers for the assessment, referral, and treatment of depression.


Asunto(s)
Comités Consultivos/normas , American Heart Association , Enfermedad Coronaria/diagnóstico , Trastorno Depresivo/diagnóstico , Consejos de Planificación en Salud/normas , Directrices para la Planificación en Salud , Cardiología/normas , Enfermedad Coronaria/complicaciones , Enfermedad Coronaria/terapia , Trastorno Depresivo/complicaciones , Trastorno Depresivo/terapia , Humanos , Tamizaje Masivo/normas , Investigación en Enfermería/normas , Evaluación de Resultado en la Atención de Salud/normas , Calidad de la Atención de Salud/normas , Estados Unidos
6.
Brain Behav Immun ; 23(8): 1140-7, 2009 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19635552

RESUMEN

Studies show negative correlations between heart rate variability (HRV) and inflammatory markers. In cardiac patients, depression is related to both. We investigated links between short-term HRV and inflammatory markers in relation to depression in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. We measured C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), depression symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI-II), and SDNN, high frequency (HF) and low frequency (LF) power at rest in 682 (553 men) patients approximately two months post-ACS. There were no differences in HRV measures between those with and without elevated depressions symptoms (BDI-II >or= 14). However, all HRV measures were negatively and significantly associated with both inflammatory markers. Relationships were stronger in patients with BDI-II >or= 14. Differences were significant for CRP and not explained by covariates (including age, sex, previous MI, left ventricular ejection fraction, coronary bypass surgery at index admission, diabetes, smoking, body mass index (BMI), fasting cholesterol, fasting glucose, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, beta-blockers, statins, and antidepressants). HRV independently accounted for at least 4% of the variance in CRP in the depressed, more than any factor except BMI. Relationships between measures of inflammation and autonomic function are stronger among depressed than non-depressed cardiac patients. Interventions targeting regulation of both autonomic control and inflammation may be of particular importance.


Asunto(s)
Síndrome Coronario Agudo/fisiopatología , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/psicología , Depresión/fisiopatología , Frecuencia Cardíaca/fisiología , Anciano , Biomarcadores , Proteína C-Reactiva/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Inflamación/fisiopatología , Interleucina-6/sangre , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Inventario de Personalidad , Escalas de Valoración Psiquiátrica
7.
Prog Cardiovasc Nurs ; 24(1): 19-26, 2009 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19261139

RESUMEN

Depression is commonly present in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and is independently associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Screening tests for depressive symptoms should be applied to identify patients who may require further assessment and treatment. This multispecialty consensus document reviews the evidence linking depression with CHD and provides recommendations for healthcare providers for the assessment, referral, and treatment of depression.

8.
Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet ; 150B(3): 381-8, 2009 Apr 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18618671

RESUMEN

Numerous studies suggest that the prevalence of depression is greater among cardiac patients than in the general population. However, little attention has been paid to the possibility of genetic contributions to depressive symptoms in cardiac patients. We conducted a candidate gene study focusing on genes related to inflammation, platelet aggregation, endothelial function and omega-3 fatty acid metabolism as predictors of depressive symptoms among 977 participants with established cardiovascular disease. Results suggested that genetic variation related to endothelial dysfunction is predictive of depressive symptoms and that endothelial dysfunction may be a novel mechanism contributing to depressive symptoms among cardiac patients.


Asunto(s)
Depresión/genética , Ácidos Grasos Omega-3/genética , Cardiopatías/genética , Inflamación/genética , Agregación Plaquetaria/genética , Alelos , Canadá/epidemiología , Depresión/complicaciones , Células Endoteliales/patología , Ácidos Grasos Omega-3/metabolismo , Femenino , Francia/etnología , Frecuencia de los Genes , Marcadores Genéticos , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Haplotipos , Cardiopatías/epidemiología , Homocigoto , Humanos , Intrones , Modelos Lineales , Desequilibrio de Ligamiento , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infarto del Miocardio/epidemiología , Infarto del Miocardio/genética , Oportunidad Relativa , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Prevalencia , Factor de von Willebrand/genética
9.
Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci ; 29: e24, 2019 Mar 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30867082

RESUMEN

AIMS: The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) are the most frequently used observer-rated and self-report scales of depression, respectively. It is important to know what a given total score or a change score from baseline on one scale means in relation to the other scale. METHODS: We obtained individual participant data from the randomised controlled trials of psychological and pharmacological treatments for major depressive disorders. We then identified corresponding scores of the HAMD and the BDI (369 patients from seven trials) or the BDI-II (683 patients from another seven trials) using the equipercentile linking method. RESULTS: The HAMD total scores of 10, 20 and 30 corresponded approximately with the BDI scores of 10, 27 and 42 or with the BDI-II scores of 13, 32 and 50. The HAMD change scores of -20 and -10 with the BDI of -29 and -15 and with the BDI-II of -35 and -16. CONCLUSIONS: The results can help clinicians interpret the HAMD or BDI scores of their patients in a more versatile manner and also help clinicians and researchers evaluate such scores reported in the literature or the database, when scores on only one of these scales are provided. We present a conversion table for future research.


Asunto(s)
Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/diagnóstico , Escalas de Valoración Psiquiátrica/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Anciano , Bases de Datos Factuales , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/psicología , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/terapia , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Autoinforme , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad
10.
Contemp Clin Trials ; 29(2): 231-40, 2008 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17904917

RESUMEN

Depression and sub-syndromal depressive symptoms are important predictors of morbidity and mortality after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Prior trials of depression treatment in post-ACS patients have demonstrated no improvement for event-free survival, and only modest improvement in depression symptoms. These trials have raised a number of important issues regarding timing of depression intervention, acceptability of depression treatment to ACS patients, and safety for subsets of the treated population. This article describes Project COPES (Coronary Psychosocial Evaluation Studies), a multi-center Phase-I randomized clinical trial. Project COPES uses a patient preference depression treatment that has previously been found acceptable to medical patients, and a 3-month pre-randomization observation period to insure depression status. The study sample will include 200 post-ACS patients. The primary outcome is patient satisfaction with depression care. Secondary, exploratory aims include the acceptability of depression treatment, reduction in depressive symptoms, and the effects of treatment on two key pathways--medication adherence and inflammation--hypothesized to link depression to post-ACS prognosis. These analyses will provide important data to inform subsequent clinical trials with this population.


Asunto(s)
Síndrome Coronario Agudo/psicología , Trastorno Depresivo/terapia , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/complicaciones , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/mortalidad , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Humanos , Consentimiento Informado , Infiltración Neutrófila , Resultado del Tratamiento
11.
Int Clin Psychopharmacol ; 33(5): 268-273, 2018 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29738425

RESUMEN

Depression is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders among opioid-dependent individuals. Clinical trials testing selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors among depressed patients on methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) failed to show efficacy, whereas those on tricyclic antidepressants produced mixed results with potential for cardiotoxicity. Desvenlafaxine (DESV) is a SNRI with minimal cardiotoxicity and drug interactions. This study sought to assess feasibility and tolerability of using DESV in depressed patients on MMT. A total of 18 depressed individuals on MMT received DESV (50-100 mg/day) for 8 weeks. Participants were assessed for the following: (a) Safety of DESV using Systematic Assessment for Treatment Emergent Events-GI, ECG [corrected Q-T (QTc) interval measurement] and methadone serum levels; (b) depressive symptoms using Montgomery-Äsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS); and (c) other outcomes including anxiety, suicidality, craving, substance use, quality of life, and other depression scales. Registration number on ClinicalTrials.gov is NCT02200406. Among participants who completed the study, MADRS scores significantly decreased at week 8 compared with baseline. Responders and remitters on MADRS at week 8 were 61 and 50%, respectively. There was no significant change in [corrected Q-T (QTc) interval measurement] between baseline and week 4. DESV was well tolerated and associated with improvement of depressive symptoms. DESV may be a promising contender to treat depression in individuals on MMT and deserves further exploration in a randomized double-blinded clinical trial.


Asunto(s)
Antidepresivos/uso terapéutico , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/tratamiento farmacológico , Succinato de Desvenlafaxina/uso terapéutico , Metadona/administración & dosificación , Trastornos Relacionados con Opioides/tratamiento farmacológico , Inhibidores Selectivos de la Recaptación de Serotonina/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Ansiedad , Ansia , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/sangre , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Metadona/sangre , Tratamiento de Sustitución de Opiáceos/métodos , Trastornos Relacionados con Opioides/sangre , Trastornos Relacionados con Opioides/psicología , Proyectos Piloto , Escalas de Valoración Psiquiátrica , Calidad de Vida , Ideación Suicida
12.
Biol Psychiatry ; 62(4): 302-8, 2007 Aug 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17210140

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: We investigated the impact of depression and inflammatory markers, assessed 2 months after acute coronary syndrome (ACS), on major adverse cardiac events over 2 years (MACEs; cardiac death, survived myocardial infarction, survived cardiac arrest, and nonelective revascularization). METHODS: Depression symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory-II; BDI-II), major depression, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule were assessed in 741 ACS patients (including 602 men). RESULTS: Some 102 (78 men) experienced at least one MACE. Beck Depression Inventory-II scores of > or =14 predicted MACEs (p = .007). The increase in risk was marked in men (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.24-3.09, p = .004), with little evidence of a relationship in women (p = .85). Subsequent analyses were limited to men. Results were similar after covariate adjustment (HR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.07-2.77, p = .024). C-reactive protein levels were also associated with increased MACE risk (adjusted HR for CRP > or = 2.0 mg/L = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.07-2.62, p = .025). C-reactive protein levels and BDI-II scores interacted in predicting MACEs. Men with both BDI-II scores of > or =14 and CRP of > or =2.0 mg/L experienced an increase in risk similar to those with only one of these factors. CONCLUSIONS: In men assessed 2 months after ACS, depression and CRP are overlapping prognostic risks. Patients with either risk may benefit from similar therapies.


Asunto(s)
Angina Inestable/sangre , Angina Inestable/psicología , Proteína C-Reactiva/análisis , Trastorno Depresivo/sangre , Infarto del Miocardio/sangre , Infarto del Miocardio/psicología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Angina Inestable/inmunología , Biomarcadores/sangre , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Trastorno Depresivo/complicaciones , Trastorno Depresivo/inmunología , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Mediadores de Inflamación/sangre , Interleucina-6/sangre , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infarto del Miocardio/inmunología , Pronóstico , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Estudios Prospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Factores Sexuales
13.
Neuropsychopharmacology ; 32(11): 2369-74, 2007 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17356575

RESUMEN

There is an increasing body of evidence suggesting that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors exhibit clinical benefit beyond treating depression, by simultaneously inhibiting platelet activity. We recently demonstrated that escitalopram (ESC), but not its major metabolites, inhibits multiple platelet biomarkers in healthy volunteers. Considering that the metabolic syndrome represents one of the major risk factors for vascular disease, we here determined how ESC affects platelet activity in such patients. We assessed the in vitro effects of preincubation with escalating (50-200 nM/l) concentrations of ESC on platelet aggregation, expression of major surface receptors by flow cytometry, and quantitatively by platelet function analyzers. Blood samples were obtained from 20 aspirin-naïve patients with documented metabolic syndrome. Pretreatment of blood samples with medium (150 nM/l), or high (200 nM/l) doses of ESC resulted in a significant inhibition of platelet aggregation induced by ADP (p=0.007) and by collagen (p=0.004). Surface platelet expression of GPIb (CD42, p=0.03), LAMP-3 (CD63, p=0.04), and GP37 (CD165, p=0.03) was decreased in the ESC-pretreated samples. Closure time by the PFA-100 analyzer was prolonged after the 200 nM/l dose (p=0.02), indicating platelet inhibition under high shear conditions. On the other hand, the lowest tested concentration of ESC (50 nM/l) did not affect platelet activity in these patients. The in vitro antiplatelet characteristics of ESC in patients with the metabolic syndrome are similar to those in healthy volunteers. However, higher ESC doses are required to induce equally potent platelet inhibition. These data justify prospective ex vivo studies with the highest therapeutic dose to determine the potential clinical advantage of ESC in high-risk patients with vascular disease.


Asunto(s)
Citalopram/farmacología , Enfermedades Metabólicas/sangre , Activación Plaquetaria/efectos de los fármacos , Inhibidores de Agregación Plaquetaria/farmacología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Análisis de Varianza , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Femenino , Citometría de Flujo/métodos , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pruebas de Función Plaquetaria/métodos , Estudios Prospectivos
14.
JAMA ; 297(4): 367-79, 2007 Jan 24.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17244833

RESUMEN

CONTEXT: Few randomized controlled trials have evaluated the efficacy of treatments for major depression in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). None have simultaneously evaluated an antidepressant and short-term psychotherapy. OBJECTIVE: To document the short-term efficacy of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (citalopram) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) in reducing depressive symptoms in patients with CAD and major depression. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The Canadian Cardiac Randomized Evaluation of Antidepressant and Psychotherapy Efficacy, a randomized, controlled, 12-week, parallel-group, 2 x 2 factorial trial conducted May 1, 2002, to March 20, 2006, among 284 patients with CAD from 9 Canadian academic centers. All patients met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria for diagnosis of major depression of 4 weeks' duration or longer and had baseline 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) scores of 20 or higher. INTERVENTIONS: Participants underwent 2 separate randomizations: (1) to receive 12 weekly sessions of IPT plus clinical management (n = 142) or clinical management only (n = 142) and (2) to receive 12 weeks of citalopram, 20 to 40 mg/d (n = 142), or matching placebo (n = 142). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome measure was change between baseline and 12 weeks on the 24-item HAM-D, administered blindly during centralized telephone interviews (tested at alpha = .033); the secondary outcome measure was self-reported Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) score (tested at alpha = .017). RESULTS: Citalopram was superior to placebo in reducing 12-week HAM-D scores (mean difference, 3.3 points; 96.7% confidence interval [CI], 0.80-5.85; P = .005), with a small to medium effect size of 0.33. Mean HAM-D response (52.8% vs 40.1%; P = .03) and remission rates (35.9% vs 22.5%; P = .01) and the reduction in BDI-II scores (difference, 3.6 points; 98.3% CI, 0.58-6.64; P = .005; effect size = 0.33) also favored citalopram. There was no evidence of a benefit of IPT over clinical management, with the mean HAM-D difference favoring clinical management (-2.26 points; 96.7% CI, -4.78 to 0.27; P = .06; effect size, 0.23). The difference on the BDI-II did not favor clinical management (1.13 points; 98.3% CI, -1.90 to 4.16; P = .37; effect size = 0.11). CONCLUSIONS: This trial documents the efficacy of citalopram administered in conjunction with weekly clinical management for major depression among patients with CAD and found no evidence of added value of IPT over clinical management. Based on these results and those of previous trials, citalopram or sertraline plus clinical management should be considered as a first-step treatment for patients with CAD and major depression. TRIAL REGISTRATION: isrctn.org Identifier: ISRCTN15858091.


Asunto(s)
Citalopram/uso terapéutico , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/psicología , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/terapia , Psicoterapia Breve , Inhibidores Selectivos de la Recaptación de Serotonina/uso terapéutico , Anciano , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/complicaciones , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/complicaciones , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad
15.
Psychosom Med ; 68(2): 187-200, 2006.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16554382

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Although it is well established that depressive symptoms are associated with recurrent cardiac events among cardiac patients and novel cardiac events among participants with no known coronary artery disease (CAD), the nature of this association remains unclear. In this regard, little attention has been paid to the possibility that common genetic vulnerability contributes to both depressive symptoms and CAD. In this paper, we review the existing evidence for common genetic contributions to depression and CAD, primarily using evidence from twin and family studies, followed by a review of two major pathophysiological mechanisms thought to underlie covariation between depressive symptoms and CAD: inflammation and serotonin. We conclude with an overview of select candidate genes within these pathways. METHODS: Literature review. RESULTS: In twin studies, both depression and CAD appear heritable. In the only twin study to consider depression and CAD jointly, the correlation across heritabilities was 0.42, suggesting that nearly 20% of variability in depressive symptoms and CAD was attributable to common genetic factors. In addition, although it is plausible that genetic variation related to inflammation and serotonin may be associated with both depression and CAD, genetic variation related to inflammation has been primary examined in relation to CAD, whereas genetic variation in the serotonin system has been primarily examined in relation to depression. CONCLUSIONS: It appears that the covariation of depressive symptoms and CAD may be attributable, in part, to a common genetic vulnerability. Although several pathways may be involved, genes within the inflammation and serotonin pathways may serve as good candidates for the first steps in identifying genetic variation important for depression, CAD or both.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/genética , Depresión/genética , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/complicaciones , Citocinas/genética , Citocinas/inmunología , Depresión/complicaciones , Enfermedades en Gemelos/genética , Femenino , Ligamiento Genético , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Humanos , Inflamación/genética , Masculino , Serotonina/genética
16.
Psychosom Med ; 68(1): 87-93, 2006.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16449416

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Recognition that depression is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients has augmented the need for evidence-based treatment guidelines. This article presents the design of a multisite, Canadian trial of the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), an empirically supported, depression-focused therapy, and the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram, alone or in combination, in the treatment of major depression in CAD patients. METHODS: Two hundred eighty stable CAD patients with a current major depressive episode of at least 4 weeks' duration, based on the Structured Clinical Interview for Depression (SCID), and who have a baseline score >19 on a centralized, telephone-administered, 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) will be randomly assigned to receive 12 weekly IPT sessions or 12 weekly sessions of standardized clinical management (CM). Patients are also randomly assigned to receive 20 to 40 mg per day of citalopram or pill-placebo. This results in a 2-by-2 factorial design with four groups: IPT plus pill-placebo, IPT plus citalopram, CM plus pill-placebo, and CM plus citalopram. This permits the evaluation of both IPT and citalopram. Blinded, centralized, 24-item, HAM-D telephone ratings constitute the primary outcome variable. The self-report Beck Depression Inventory-II is the secondary outcome. Analyses will involve the intent-to-treat principle with last observation carried forward for incomplete assessments. RESULTS: Not applicable. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this trial will contribute to the development of evidence-based clinical guidelines for managing depression in the context of CAD.


Asunto(s)
Citalopram/uso terapéutico , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/complicaciones , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/terapia , Psicoterapia , Inhibidores Selectivos de la Recaptación de Serotonina/uso terapéutico , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/complicaciones , Humanos , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Proyectos de Investigación , Resultado del Tratamiento
17.
Psychosom Med ; 68(5): 645-50, 2006.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17012516

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute convened an interdisciplinary working group of experts to develop recommendations for the assessment and treatment of depression in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). METHOD: Consensus of experts. RESULTS: Our current recommendations are that the Beck Depression Inventory-I be employed for epidemiological studies of depression and CHD, that the Patient Health Questionnaire 2-item version be employed for screening for trial eligibility, that the Depression Interview and Structured Hamilton (DISH) be employed for diagnostic ascertainment for trial inclusion, and that the Hamilton rating scale, which is part of the DISH, be employed for both depression symptom reduction and the remission criterion in any trial. We further recommend that a randomized controlled trial be undertaken to determine whether selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, psychotherapy, or combined treatment can reduce the risk of CHD events and mortality associated with depression in CHD patients. CONCLUSIONS: This report summarizes the recommendations made by the working group and discusses the rationale for each recommendation, the strengths and weaknesses of alternative approaches to assessment and treatment, and the implications for future research in this area.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/psicología , Depresión/complicaciones , Trastorno Depresivo/complicaciones , Antidepresivos/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto/métodos , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto/normas , Terapia Combinada , Depresión/diagnóstico , Depresión/tratamiento farmacológico , Depresión/epidemiología , Depresión/terapia , Trastorno Depresivo/diagnóstico , Trastorno Depresivo/tratamiento farmacológico , Trastorno Depresivo/epidemiología , Trastorno Depresivo/terapia , Quimioterapia Combinada , Humanos , Entrevista Psicológica , Tamizaje Masivo , Selección de Paciente , Pruebas Psicológicas , Psicoterapia , Factores de Riesgo , Inhibidores Selectivos de la Recaptación de Serotonina/uso terapéutico , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
18.
Patient Educ Couns ; 99(11): 1830-1836, 2016 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27373961

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The study's aim was to test prospective associations between information, motivation, and behavioral skills (IMB model) and self-care behaviors (diet, exercise, and blood glucose testing) among patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: 295 participants were surveyed one (T1), six (T2), and 12 (T3) months after a diabetes course. Cross-lagged panel analyses were performed to test unidirectional and bidirectional relationships between IMB model variables and self-care behaviors. RESULTS: Blood-glucose testing at T1 was positively related to information at T2, which in turn was positively related to blood-glucose testing at T3. Controlled motivation at T1 was positively related to exercise at T2. Autonomous motivation at T2 was positively associated with exercise at T3. There was a positive bidirectional relationship across time between behavioral skills and general diet. CONCLUSION: Patterns of prospective associations between IMB model variables and diabetes self-care depend on the self-care behavior considered. This model offers an interesting framework for examining how diabetes self-care behaviors evolve. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Diabetes education programs should provide information about current health status and promote experiential learning to help patients realize the impact of their behaviors on glycemic control; should foster autonomous motivation for long-term change; and should build on patients' strengths and skills.


Asunto(s)
Conductas Relacionadas con la Salud , Educación en Salud , Motivación , Educación del Paciente como Asunto , Autocuidado/métodos , Adulto , Anciano , Glucemia/análisis , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangre , Dieta , Ejercicio Físico , Femenino , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Humanos , Estudios Longitudinales , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Modelos Teóricos , Estudios Prospectivos , Autoeficacia , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
19.
BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care ; 4(1): e000184, 2016.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27239316

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to examine the contribution of health behaviors (self-management and coping), quality of care, and individual characteristics (depressive symptoms, self-efficacy, illness representations) as mediators in the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and glycemic control. METHODS: A sample of 295 adult patients with type 2 diabetes was recruited at the end of a diabetes education course. Glycemic control was evaluated through glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Living in poverty and education level were used as indicators of SES. RESULTS: Bootstrapping analysis showed that the significant effects of poverty and education level on HbA1c were mediated by avoidance coping and depressive symptoms. The representation that diabetes is unpredictable significantly mediated the relationship between living in poverty and HbA1c, while healthy diet mediated the relationship between education level and HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS: To improve glycemic control among patients with low SES, professionals should regularly screen for depression, offering treatment when needed, and pay attention to patients' illness representations and coping strategies for handling stress related to their chronic disease. They should also support patients in improving their self-management skills for a healthy diet.

20.
Circulation ; 105(9): 1049-53, 2002 Mar 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11877353

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Although previous research demonstrated an independent link between depression symptoms and cardiac mortality after myocardial infarction (MI), depression was assessed only once, and a dose-response relationship was not evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS: We administered the Beck Depression Inventory to 896 post-MI patients during admission and at 1 year. Five-year survival was ascertained using Medicare data. We observed a significant long-term dose-response relationship between depression symptoms during hospitalization and cardiac mortality. Results remained significant after control for multiple measures of cardiac disease severity. Although 1-year scores were also linked to cardiac mortality, most of that impact was explained by baseline scores. Improvement in depression symptoms was associated with less cardiac mortality only for patients with mild depression. Patients with higher initial scores had worse long-term prognosis regardless of symptom changes. CONCLUSIONS: The level of depression symptoms during admission for MI is more closely linked to long-term survival than the level at 1 year, particularly in patients with moderate to severe levels of depression, suggesting that the presumed cardiovascular mechanisms linking depression to cardiac mortality may be more or less permanent for them.


Asunto(s)
Depresión/epidemiología , Infarto del Miocardio/mortalidad , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Canadá/epidemiología , Comorbilidad , Depresión/diagnóstico , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Modelos Lineales , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infarto del Miocardio/diagnóstico , Pronóstico , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Pruebas Psicológicas , Medición de Riesgo , Tasa de Supervivencia
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