[Rapid determination of ATP, ADP, AMP and phosphate in drug by 31P NMR spectroscopy].

The content of ATP, ADP, AMP, sodium phosphate and sodium pyrophosphate were determined by 31P NMR, the linear range of ATP, ADP and AMP were found to be 0.004-0.080 mol x L(-1), sodium phosphate and sodium pyrophosphate were 0.005-0.100 mol x L(-1). The RSD were 0.40%-1.30%, the recovery were 96.9% - 105.2%. The method has been applied to the determination of ATP injection. The impurities of ATP injection were ADP and sodium phosphate. The content of ATP is in line with the requirement of the pharmacopoeia. The results indicated that the method is of good reproducibility, high accuracy, rapid and simple operation, without pretreatment and interference of other elements, 31P NMR is a new and reliable method of analyzing ATP, ADP, AMP and phosphate.

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase in the presence of glycerol.

The inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase (HMGCR) is considered able to decrease serum cholesterol levels and dramatically reduce the risk for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The statins, competitive inhibitors of HMGCR, have been employed to control hypercholesterolemia. But their side effects, especially their safety of long-term administration have attracted great attention. Therefore, there is still an urgent requirement for the development of safer inhibitors of HMGCR with less serious side effects. In this study, we cloned and purified the catalytic domain of human HMGCR (△HMGCR), and applied the method of Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) to assay △HMGCR activity and screen its inhibitors from natural products. The results indicated that EGCG can inhibit △HMGCR in the presence of some glycerol in vitro and can decrease cellular total cholesterol in HepG2 cells. As a consequence, it is promising to put EGCG into the development of hypolipidemic health product.

4-[(3-Nitro-benzyl-idene)amino]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione.

In the title compound, C(14)H(10)N(6)O(2)S, the dihedral angle between the pyridine and triazole rings is 3.21 (10)°. The mol-ecule is significantly twisted about the N(t)-N(b) (t = triazole and b = benzyl-idene) bond [C-N(t)-N(b)=C = 151.64 (17)°]. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by weak N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, generating C(8) chains propagating in [10[Formula: see text]].

µ-Propane-1,3-dithiol-ato-κS,S':S,S'-bis-[dicarbon-yl(triphenyl-phosphane-κP)iron(II)](Fe-Fe).

The title compound, [Fe(2)(C(3)H(6)S(2))(C(18)H(15)P)(2)(CO)(4)], which might serve as an active-site model of [FeFe]-hydrogenase, contains two fused Fe/S/C/C/C/S six-membered rings, one of which has a chair conformation and the other a boat conformation. Each Fe atom is coordinated by two carbonyl ligands, a triphenyl-phosphane ligand and a bis-bidentate dithiol-ate ligand, and also forms an Fe-Fe bond [2.5167 (16) Å]. Together, the six bonded atoms form a very distorted octa-hedral arrangement.

[N,N-Bis(diphenyl-phosphan-yl)benzyl-amine-κP,P']dichloridonickel(II) dichloro-methane monosolvate.

In the title solvated complex, [NiCl(2)(C(31)H(27)NP(2))]·CH(2)Cl(2), the Ni(2+) ion is coordinated by two chloride ions and two P atoms of the chelating N,N-bis-(diphenyl-phosphan-yl)benzyl ligand to generate a strongly distorted cis-NiCl(2)P(2) square-planar geometry for the metal ion. In the crystal, the components are linked by C-H⋯Cl inter-actions.

[N,N-Bis(diphenyl-phosphan-yl)propanamine-κP,P']dichloridonickel(II).

In the title complex, [NiCl(2)(C(27)H(27)NP(2))], the Ni(2+) ion is coordinated by two chloride ions and two P atoms of the bidentate N,N-bis-(diphenyl-phosphan-yl)propyl ligand to generate a strongly distorted cis-NiCl(2)P(2) square-planar geometry for the metal ion. A NiP(2)N rhombus occurs within the chelating ligand.

Electrochemical Behaviors of Sulfurized-Polyacrylonitrile with Synthesized Polyacrylonitrile Precursors Based on the Radical Polymerization Through Monomer Acrylonitrile.

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursors have been polymerized at different radical polymerization temperatures for preparing sulfurized-polyacrylonitrile (S-PAN) composite cathodes in rechargeable lithium sulfur battery. The physical properties of these composites have been investigated using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy, Brunner-Emmet-Teller measurement and Gel permeation chromatography analysis. The electrochemical performance of the S-PAN composite cathodes made from the PAN precursor was investigated. The results showed that the molecular weight distribution of the PAN precursors affected the electrochemical performance of the S-PAN made from the PAN precursor. S-PAN composites derived from PAN with a narrower molecular weight distribution at 65 °C were exhibit the best electrochemical performance in lithium-sulfur battery.

Adjuvant and immunostimulatory effects of LPS and ß-glucan on immune response in Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus.

In order to investigate the adjuvant and immunostimulatory effects of LPS and ß-glucan, a highly effective vaccine candidate for Edwardsiella tarda known as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli, which was intramuscularly injected into Japanese flounder alone or containing LPS or ß-glucan. ELISA analysis of sera showed that the fish immunized with rGAPDH containing LPS or ß-glucan had significant higher antibody titers than rGAPDH immunization group at day 14 and 30 (P<0.05). Flow cytometric analysis showed that the surface immunoglobulin positive (sIg+) lymphocytes percentages in head kidney of the immunized fish exhibited significant higher than the fish of control group at day 14 and 30, and immunization with rGAPDH containing LPS or ß-glucan could induce significant higher sIg+ percentages than immunization with rGAPDH alone. Simultaneously, the expressions of genes coding for immunoregulatory molecules involved in innate and acquired responses, including IFN-γ, IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-α, TCRα, IgM, C-type lysozyme and MHC-IIα were analyzed by quantitative PCR. The transcription levels of all selected genes except TNF-α displayed up-regulation after immunization, and immunization with rGAPDH containing LPS or ß-glucan could induce significant higher levels than that induced only by rGAPDH. Moreover, to investigate the protection against infection, challenge with E. tarda was performed at day 30 after immunization. Fish immunized with rGAPDH containing ß-glucan exhibited the highest relative percentage survival (RPS) of 63% compared to the other groups. These results indicated that LPS and ß-glucan employed as co-immunostimulatory molecules could significantly trigger the innate and acquired immune responses in Japanese flounder.

Thiophene-functionalized octupolar triindoles: synthesis and photophysical properties.

Two thiophene-functionalized octupolar triindole molecules were synthesized through Suzuki and Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions. Their photophysical and electrochemical properties were explored. The spectroscopic data demonstrate that triindole is an excellent rich electronic central donor for building octupolar optoelectronic molecules and possesses excellent luminescent properties. Thiophenylethynyl substituted triindole compound 3,8,13-tri(2-thiophenylethynyl)-5,10,15-tributyltriindole forms an intermolecular aggregation induced by π-π stacking from the rigid coplanar molecular scaffold. The redox curves and results of theoretical calculation imply that the two compounds have low ionization potential and low E(1/2 oxd), which may be originated from the high electronic density of both triindole and thiophene groups.

New photocatalyst BiOCl/BiOI composites with highly enhanced visible light photocatalytic performances.

BiOCl/BiOI composites with a visible light response were prepared by a simple hydrothermal method. Even though both single BiOCl and BiOI show low photocatalytic activity, BiOCl/BiOI composites provide enhanced efficiency in decomposing organic compounds including Methyl Orange (MO) and Rhodamine B (RhB). Furthermore, the 20%BiOCl/BiOI composite shows the highest efficiency for decomposing MO, while the highest performance is observed for the degradation of RhB over 70%BiOCl/BiOI composite. A possible photocatalytic mechanism has been proposed based on the relative experiments and the band positions of BiOCl and BiOI.